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- Functioning, maintenance and regeneration of lead-acid batteries + ('''Equipment''': Choose your battery caref … '''Equipment''': Choose your battery carefully according to the intended use.
Never mix new and used batteries.
Never mix batteries of different technologies.
Correctly and solidly install the wiring of your battery bank to avoid fires.
Regularly check the connectors if they are subject to vibrations.
*'''Detection and Prevention of Deep Discharge''': Battery life is directly related to DoD or depth of discharge. It is, therefore, very important to prevent any discharge over 50% !'''
**How to know the level of charge (SoC)? ***Simply measuring the voltage does not suffice as several factors affect the battery voltage. ***A [https://www.victronenergy.fr/battery-monitors battery monitor] must be used. It calculates not only the voltage but also the charge and discharge currents, which allows the state of charge to be calculated in real time. **How to avoid deep discharges? ***The idea is to control the level of charge (SoC) and to disconnect the consumption loads as soon as they fall below a certain level. ***Use a battery protector/[https://www.victronenergy.fr/battery_protect/battery-protect Battery Protect] or a configurable solar charge regulator, for direct current (DC) equipment. ***Use the dry contact relay (voltage-free relay) of your battery monitor if it is equipped with one. ***Set the low battery voltage threshold on your inverter for alternating current (AC) equipment (read the instructions carefully). *'''Pay attention to the temperature: ''': This factor has a very important influence on the life of the batteries. It is very important to keep the batteries at “cool” temperatures, around 20°C. **Technical roome : Always choose the coolest room or location. Never leave batteries exposed to direct sunlight. If the place is still too hot, one should consider cooling ventilation of the room or the battery container. **Aeration and ventilation : Always keep space between the batteries (about 5 cm), do not put them against each other. If the batteries are inside a battery box or in a cabinet, there must be air circulation. **Temperature compensation: When the temperature exceeds 30°C or is lower than 10°C for a long time, it is necessary to change the charging voltage.
Battery not in use – Self-discharge: When a battery is not in use, it slowly discharges. This phenomenon depends on the type of battery and the temperature. o An unused open battery must be recharged every four months at room temperature (between 10-25°C). o An unused open battery must be kept permanently charged in temperatures below 0°C. o Sealed batteries can be left for up to 6 to 8 months without recharging at ambient temperature. o When a system containing batteries (RV, car, etc.) is not used for a long period, disconnect the batteries to avoid leakage currents.
*'''Correct charging voltages''': Never recharge the batteries with a voltage higher than that recommended in the manufacturer's data sheet. Use a charger with at least 3 charge stages (Bulk, Absorption, Float).
*'''Correct charge/discharge current''': '''It is recommended '''never to charge or recharge''' lead batteries at '''more than 0.2C''', i.e. 20% of the capacity of the battery bank (ex: 20A for a battery bank of 100Ah).
ing a photovoltaic installation, make sure that the maximum output current is less than 20% of the battery capacity. Let: Imax (A) = Pmax (W) / Ubat (V) < 0.2C</div> </div> <br/> <br/> <br/>)
- Biodiesel + (Drain off the glycerol from the bottom of the tank into a new container. Make sure there is no glycerin left in the biodiesel. Keep the glycerol aside.)
- Rainwater harvesting + (The pipe leading rain waters to the tank ( … The pipe leading rain waters to the tank (1) comes horizontally and splits in a T : * At first, the water preferentially goes into the 50 centimeters long vertical tube, connected to a 50 liter container (2) (You should adapt the volume based on the roof's surface area). This tube is drilled with holes, allowing the water to fall into the container (2). Inside this tube, there is a floating ball that rises while the water level in the container (2) increase. The ball rises until it is over the holes. The vertical tube is then blocked allowing the water to flow through the horizontal part of the T-shaped pipe. * This horizontal tube will drive the following clean water directly into the tank (1) of drinking water. The first 50 liters that washed the roof, collected in the container (2) can be used to water the garden.ainer (2) can be used to water the garden.)
- Setting up a Local Community + ("The islands of a growing archipelago" Es … "The islands of a growing archipelago" Establishing a link between territories, as close as possible to needs is the be-all and end-all of the low-tech approach. Digital distribution channels help to raise awareness and to get to to know this approach, however then you have the people who put it into practice. Local communities made up of beginners, experienced and/or expert citizens play this leading role in local dissemination, collaborating with the actors in their territory. They are equally interlinked with each-other in orde to share and exchange resources, ideas, discoveries and sound practices. "Map from this post- available in HD" https://lowtechlab.org/fr/actualites-blog/l-archipel-low-tech-en-france-illustrelog/l-archipel-low-tech-en-france-illustre)
- Ram pump + ( #When priming, water flowing into the inl … #When priming, water flowing into the inlet line flows into the weir through the primary valve. #The acceleration of the water causes the primary valve to close suddenly. #The water column is suddenly braked and generates an overpressure in the pump casing (water hammer), which opens the internal valve. #Under the effect of this overpressure, water flows into the balloon (and the discharge duct), compressing the air volume until the pressures are balanced. #The pressure reversal closes the internal valve. #The water trapped under pressure in the balloon empties into the discharge line until the pressures are balanced (determined by the height of the pipe). #The closing of the internal valve has caused the pressure to drop, so the primary valve opens again. A new cycle begins.... Without accident, this process is perpetually renewed as long as it is supplied with water. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsCaMW7L2yI Video explanations] com/watch?v=hsCaMW7L2yI Video explanations] )
- Wicking Bed + (<nowiki>#Trouver (acheter) une cuve …
#Trouver (acheter) une cuve plastique type MAUVILAC ou cuve agricole de réserve d'eau '''(photo 1)'''; tage de boulot avec découpe métal + soudures…'' '''(photos 5 et 6).'''</nowiki>)
#La couper en 2 pour ne garder que le fond [''avantage de ce choix est de s'épargner l''étape ETANCHEITE qui suppose l'ajout d'une bâche EPDM ou PVC (bâche noire)];''
#Nettoyer au karcher pour enlever résidus peinture, etc. '''(photo 2)''';
#Fixer un coffrage bois (pour l'esthétique et limiter exposition solaire):
= découper tasseaux et fixer sur structure métallique: '''ATTENTION NE PAS PERCER LE PLASTIQUE ! (photo 3).'''
= découper planches de bois et fixer sur tasseaux (1 vis en haut + 1 vis en bas): '''ATTENTION de placer la planche à 10cm du sol environ (éviter contact terre)! (photo 4).'''
'''VARIANTES''''': bac de container découpé : davantage de boulot avec découpe métal + soudures…'' '''(photos 5 et 6).''' - The how to of how to's + (''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, … ''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, SD cards, batteries, a tripod. Check before use the state of your tools : SD card with sufficient disk space, battery charged, etc. ''' 2 - Location of the movie''' Choose where does the action takes place, in order to have a good sound quality and good luminosity: - Indoor, beware of the lack of light and artificial lights, that will impact your video quality. Think of fridges, clocks as well, that could create parasite sounds. These will be disappointing for the spectator watching your video. - Outdoor, beware of backlighting and the lack of light. Concerning the sound, the wind is fatal. Protect your microphone and its exposure ! "In both cases:" - Be careful that no big light pits are in your field of view. - Avoid too big spaces, the backplane should rather be short. - Filming during the day is highly recommended. At night, you'll get granulas on your images. ''' 3 - Positionning of the camera''' In order to know where to place the camera, ask the actor what he's going to do at each step. It is therefore easy to place the camera without being annoyed with his hands. On the workbench should only be present the material used at the precise step. This permits not to be visually polluted. ''' 4 - Scenes''' "Dissect steps" : Film one scene per step, if possible. - Vary short and large scenes to air the video. - For explicative scenes (explanation of a step, of the context), prefer large scenes. - For active scenes (filming the action), prefer short scenes. - It is highly recommended to film two frames per action. - Head to foot framings are not recommended, prefer middle range frames or short frames. - When someone is speaking, do not "cut his head off" during framing. Let an empty space above him. - Avoid to place the person right in the center of the frame. Putting him on the side will bring dynamism to your scene. - Filming static scenes is highly recommended to avoir any shaking. - Put the camera on a tripod or on something static. ''' 5 - Focus''' For the focus, check whether the camera is on automatic or manual mode. - If it is on automatic, well check that the camera is focusing on the action and not on the person head. - If it is on manual, set the focus on the action before starting to film. ""Example"": "Here, I'm going to melt the white wire on the + pole...". We need here a close plane, we focus on the object to melt, and we check that our hands are not between the object and the camera when we film. ""Be careful"" : For tutos realized with smartphones, the difficulty is to realize static scenes. Put the phone on a stable, static place during the whole sequence. ''' 6 - Filming in order to edit the video''' - Don't tell yourself that mistakes can be rectified at video editing. - Avoid to film in black and white or vertically. - Launching the video recordings, let a dead time before action starts or discussion begins in order to facilitate video editing. - Make simple rushes for get an easy video edition. ''' 7 - Content''' The video content will tighly be linked to the written step by step. "Context video : (2 minutes)" - Present the low-tech and its economical, environmental, social or other interests. - Present an issue solved by the low-tech (problematic and solution) - Do not hesitate to start from a larger context to a local one, or even personal one. - It is important to choose with the speaker, what is going to be said. Le scene will be explicative, so prefer a large frame scene. - Add cut-scenes (action) for this part don't be only a monolog in front of the camera. Think as well to make action scenes "on the field", that will be in concordance with the context. "Fabrication video : (5-10 minutes)" Ask yourself which kind of video is preferable to realize. Notably when speaking of explanations : will they be voice-overed, lived, or subtitled ? - Beware of hands between the camera and the action. - Always keep in mind that everyone has to understand the action. For this, it can be interesting to explain : "I'm doing this action for this reason, with this material that I got at this place ..." - Do not forget to mention safety intructions. "Dissect the fabrication in several key-steps:" - The functioning: present the functioning principle of the low-tech - The material : materials and tools necessary for the fabrication - The fabrication : dissect every step, one scene for one action, and explain them precisely, speaking loud and articulating. - The use : scenes on its situation. - Advices : It is possible to finish the video giving some advices.e to finish the video giving some advices.)
- Cultivation of oyster mushrooms + ( *Open the sterilized bottles to inoculate … *Open the sterilized bottles to inoculate them with your mother spawn, rich in mycelium, delicate passage because it is necessary to be fast enough to limit the risks of contamination during the opening of the bottles. It is important to work in a sterile environment during this operation (clean hands, clean clothes, etc...). *Using tweezers previously sterilized in rubbing alcohol, place the ends of cardboard boxes covered with mycelium on the substrate of your bottles. *Close the bottles immediately and put them in your incubator at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. *Using tweezers previously sterilized in alcohol at 70°C, place the ends of cardboard boxes covered with mycelium on the substrate of your bottles. *Close the bottles immediately and put them in your incubator at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. )
- Solar Generator Trailer- Electrical System + ('''The cheapest and cleanest energy is tha … '''The cheapest and cleanest energy is that which we do not produce/consume !''' In line with this principle, this approach[https://negawatt.org/sobriete-efficacite négaWatt] proposes to rethink our vision of energy by applying a three step approach: [https://negawatt.org/sobriete-efficacite Sobriety, Efficiency, then renewable energy]. Before sizing a photovoltaic electrical installation, it is necessary to consider several questions: *What are my needs? *Which are essential and incompressible? *Is electricity the most efficient way to meet all these needs? Detail on these questions applied to the case of our Festival is available in the "Files" tab located above. To materialize the electricity consumption of everyday equipment and possibly be able to eventually prioritize, the open-source game [http://la-revolt.org/ REVOLT] translates these consumptions in pedaling time.lates these consumptions in pedaling time.)
- Wind turbine + ('''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the moto … '''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the motor 2 - Motor axis 3 - Preparing the rotor blades 4 - Aileron and base for rotor blades 5 - Assembly '''Electric circuit''' 1 - Rectifiers 2 - Capacitors 3 - tension stabilizer 4 - Connecting the USB port Motor protection Connecting the USB port Motor protection)
- Dry Toilets For Family + ( * Cut a wood rectangle of 4,8*14,6 in and 1,2 thick * Sand and deburr if required Notes : This pillar helps to get back when a user sit. )
- Bokashi “Kitchen compost” + ( * Drill numerous holes at the bottom of the compost bucket with the 3mm bit. )
- Haybox or fireless cooker made of a wool blanket + ( * Fold the blanket into thirds and check … * Fold the blanket into thirds and check that this is enough to enclose your stewpot. * Cut the blanket into three squares of equal size * With the rest, cut two squares the width of the stewpot * Sew these two small pieces in top of each other at the centre of one of the larger squares to make a double base for the stewpot * Overlay the three large squares on top of each other * Sew them together by hand around the edges Sew them together by hand around the edges )
- Bio-sand filter for drinking water + ( * Grind slightly the inside of the PVC pl … * Grind slightly the inside of the PVC plug (using sandpaper) and the outside of one end of the PVC pipe. Stick them together using PVC glue. * Drill a hole of the bends diameter in the flexible pipe, 75cm from the bottom of the PVC. Connection between pipe and bend will have to be perfectly sealed. * Drill many holes in the cover (it has to be a plastic cap). '''Remark''' : It it recommended that the cover is perfectly adapted to the tube and that is can also be used as "sieve", so that added water would fall slowly on the sand without disturbing the biological layer. nd without disturbing the biological layer. )
- Spirulina-growing pond + (For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust … For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust the height of the basin to the worker's size. The basin is 30 centimeters high. In our case the bottom of the basin is one meter above the ground. When calculating the height of the legs, the thickness of the low and high frames must also be taken into account. * Make 4 legs with half-rafters, * Place the corner legs aligned with the corners of the bottom frame, * Install four central legs, of a single half-rafter, facing each stiffener of the low frame, * Place a bracket about 30 cm between each center leg and its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.)
- ЭМ-компост для кухни. + ( * Percer de nombreux trous dans le fond du bac compost à l’aide de la perceuse et du foret de 3 mm. )
- Compost Bokashi de cuisine + ( * Percer de nombreux trous dans le fond du bac compost à l’aide de la perceuse et du foret de 3 mm. )
- Compost Bokashi de cuisine + ( * Percer de nombreux trous dans le fond du bac compost à l’aide de la perceuse et du foret de 3 mm. )
- Spirulina farming + ( * Screw a white plastic cap at the end of a ruler or a plastic or wooden rod of about 20 centimeters, * Scale the stem from 0 to about ten centimeters, with the 0 at the level of the cap. )
- Recycling shower + ( * Using the hole saws, install the plug i … * Using the hole saws, install the plug in the bottom of the tank and the overflow system at the maximum height of the tank. * Install the wall passageway on the lowest level of the tank * Perform a leak test * Connect the outlet of the plug/overfill to the sewer system * Remove the drain from the shower tray * Install the reserve under the shower tray by aligning the hole in the shower tray with the drain in the reserve. (it is interesting to leave the reserve accessible from one side for maintenance) * In order to be able to open or close the plug from the shower tray, adapt a rod, accessible by hand from the hole in the tray "Note: The tank is to be installed under the shower tray. According to the availability of each one: * Either, take down the actual shower tray, raise him with a structure and install the tank behind (This option can need works more or less important) * Or, use the actual shower tray to support the tank and install a second tray (From second-hand if possible) above, all thanks to a supporting structure above, all thanks to a supporting structure )
- Ceramic water filter + (Clay: L'argile constitue le matériau de b … Clay: L'argile constitue le matériau de base de l'élément filtrant de l'eau. Un pot d'argile permet un mouvement extrêmement lent de l'eau à travers les pores naturels qui existent entre les plaquettes d'argile cuite. La taille de ces pores a été mesurée (au microscope électronique) entre 0,6 et 3,0 microns (μm). Ils sont capables d'éliminer la plupart des bactéries, protozoaires et helminthes (Lantagne, 2001a), ainsi que la saleté ou les sédiments et la matière organique. L'argile utilisé pour faire de la poterie classique peut convenir à la production de filtres à eau. Toutefois, la conductivité hydraulique et la taille des pores peuvent varier considérablement selon le type d'argile, potentiellement au point de ne pas convenir en ce qui concerne les débits et/ou l'élimination microbiologique (Oyanedel-Craver et Smith, 2008, in Lantagne et al, 2010, [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20162486/ 1]]). Une forte teneur en sable ou en limon dans l'argile peut réduire les réticulations de l'argile et affaiblir la structure du filtre . D'autre part, une argile trop raffinée (particules plus petites) a une plus grande capacité de rétention d'eau et est donc plus sujette au rétrécissement et à la fissuration lors de la cuisson. *'''Le matériau combustible :''' Des matières organiques " combustibles ", telles que de la '''sciure de bois''' ou des '''balles de riz moulues''', sont ajoutées au mélange d'argile. Lorsqu'il est exposé aux températures élevées du four, le "matériau combustible" brûle, laissant derrière lui des cavités dans l'argile cuite. L'eau se déplace plus facilement dans les cavités que dans les pores de l'argile. Par conséquent, la présence des cavités diminue la distance que l'eau doit parcourir à travers le substrat d'argile, et augmente donc le débit global du filtre. *'''L'argent colloïdal''' : L'argent colloïdal est une solution de nanoparticules d'argent en suspension et d'ions argent. Il est utilisé comme désinfectant naturel dans la médecine depuis de nombreuses années. Bien que les mécanismes exactes de destruction des bactéries ne soit pas encore tout à fait compris, il semble que l'argent colloïdal cause une rupture des parois cellulaires des bactéries puis se lie à leur protéines troublant ainsi leur fonctionnement [[https://www.hwts.info/document/8bda3e01/investigation-of-the-potters-for-peace-colloidal-silver-impregnated-ceramic-filter-report-1-intrinsi 2]] [[https://www.hwts.info/research/1245c13a/protozoa-and-virus-disinfection-by-silver-and-copper-embedded-ceramic-tablets-for-water-purification 3]]. Aujourd'hui il est principalement produit par électrolyse. L'argent appliqué à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du filtre est absorbé dans les pores de l'argile. Les ions d'argent sont réduits en argent élémentaire et forment des colloïdes à l'intérieur des parois du filtre. L'argent agit comme un biocide contre les bactéries lorsqu'il y a un temps de contact suffisant (=pores pas trop grand).arois du filtre. L'argent agit comme un biocide contre les bactéries lorsqu'il y a un temps de contact suffisant (=pores pas trop grand).)
- Farming of edible crickets + ( *Place the egg cartons in the box, leavin … *Place the egg cartons in the box, leaving a space between each carton. *Make a drinking trough, such as a chicken trough, with a glass of plastic water in a cup lined with a wire mesh to leave a space between the cup and the glass ( there must not be too much water at the risk of drowning the crickets). *Place a tray on the egg cartons large enough to hold the trough and feed for the crickets. hold the trough and feed for the crickets. )
- Multifunctional Crankset + ( *Salvage the hub of the front wheel (whic … *Salvage the hub of the front wheel (which is not used) and remove all spokes. *Attach a pulley on either side of the hub. Transmission pulley 1 will be driven by a belt connected to the bike wheel, and transmission pulley 2 will power the desired tool with a second belt. *Secure the hub on a block of wood with the eye straps. This block of wood will later be attached to the table. f wood will later be attached to the table. )
- Fonctionnement, entretien et régénération de batteries au plomb + (Pour comprendre les causes de défaillance … Pour comprendre les causes de défaillance d'une batterie, il est important de bien comprendre les réactions chimiques à l’œuvre à l'intérieur de celle-ci.
*'''A la décharge:''' Lors de la décharge, il se passe la réaction chimique suivante: [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioxyde_de_plomb PbO2 sol] + [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plomb Pb sol] + 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrog%C3%A9nosulfate HSO4−aq] + 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton H+aq] ⟶ 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate_de_plomb(II) PbSO4 sol] + 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau H2O liq] **L'électrode positive (+) qui était du '''dioxyde de plomb''' va devenir du '''sulfate de plomb''', sous forme de cristaux. **L'électrode négative (-) qui était en '''plomb''' va aussi devenir du '''sulfate de plomb,''' sous forme de cristaux. **Le bain dans lequel baigne tout ça ('''l'électrolyte''') se transforme en grande partie en eau (H2O). *'''A la charge :''' Lors de la charge, on force la réaction chimique inverse : [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate_de_plomb(II) 2PbSO4 sol] + 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau H2O liq] ⟶ [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plomb Pb sol] + [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioxyde_de_plomb PbO2 sol] + 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrog%C3%A9nosulfate HSO4−aq] + 2 [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton H+aq].
**Les '''cristaux de sulfate de plomb se redissolvent'''. On retrouve une électrode (+) en dioxyde plomb et une électrode (-) en plomb. **L'électrolyte redevient de l'acide sulfurique dilué.
/fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton H<sup>+</sup><sub>aq</sub>]. <br/> **Les '''cristaux de sulfate de plomb se redissolvent'''. On retrouve une électrode (+) en dioxyde plomb et une électrode (-) en plomb. **L'électrolyte redevient de l'acide sulfurique dilué. <br/>) - Fonctionnement, entretien et régénération de batteries au plomb + ( *Une batterie au plomb est constituée par … *Une batterie au plomb est constituée par '''un ensemble d'accumulateurs'''. La tension nominale d'un accumulateur étant d'environ 2.1 V, une batterie de 12 V est constituée de 6 accumulateurs montés en série et reliés par des connexions en plomb soudées. Ces accumulateurs sont logés dans un bac en plastique, fermé par un couvercle scellé. *Chaque '''accumulateur''' est composé d'un '''ensemble de couples d'électrodes positives et négatives''' montés en parallèle. Au milieu de chaque couple est placé un '''séparateur'''. *Des '''séparateurs''' sont généralement des '''feuilles''' rectangulaires, intercalées entre les plaques positives et les plaques négatives, et possèdent des qualités remarquables: **isolant électrique parfait **très grande perméabilité aux ions porteurs de charges électriques **excellente tenue à l'acide sulfurique *Les '''électrodes''' sont composées d'une '''grille''' sur laquelle est déposée une matière active poreuse: du '''plomb (Pb) sur''' '''l'électrode négative''' et du '''dioxyde de plomb''' (PbO2) sur l''''électrode positive'''. La grille collecte le courant et sert aussi de support mécanique de la matière active. *'''L'électrolyte''' est une '''solution diluée d'acide sulfurique''' dans laquelle baigne les électrodes'''.''' Il peut être sous forme liquide, de gel ou absorbée dans des feutres en fibre de verre en fonction du type de batterie. e de verre en fonction du type de batterie. )
- Kombucha fabric + (This step lasts about 5 minutes. It is ver … This step lasts about 5 minutes. It is very important the liquid is below 30°Celcius, before adding the other ingredients: - to prevent odor vinegar emission - not to kill the starter and SCOBY * Pour the vinegar + add mix previously made + the Starter Mix * Add your SCOBY * Cover the tray and protect it from light* Cover the tray and protect it from light)
- The Norwegian Kettle (Hay Box) + ('''Note''': The small box must be at least … '''Note''': The small box must be at least 1 cm higher than the cooking pot and at least 4 cm wider or longer 1) Using either a wood saw or a jig saw cut the wooden planks using the measurements taken previously 2) Assemble the wooden planks using nails and a hammer '''Planks for the small box''' - 2 planks (1 cm taller than the cooking pot) x (4 cm longer than the cooking pot) -2 planks (1 cm taller than the cooking pot) x (4 cm wider than the cooking pot) - 1 or several planks (4 cm wider than the pot) x (4cm longer than the pot) than the pot) x (4cm longer than the pot))
- The organic filter + (1) The earthworm composter 2) The organic filter 3) The organic filter reservoir (Container and Pump))
- Lacto-Fermented Preserves + (Le Kimchi est une recette coréenne traditi … Le Kimchi est une recette coréenne traditionnelle. Elle est basée sur la lactofermentation du choux et d'épices. * 2 kg de chou chinois * 2 poireaux * 1/2 navet long * 3 gousses d’ail hachées * 2 cuillerées à café de gingembre frais râpé fin * 1 ou 2 cuillerée à café de sauce de poisson (optionnel) * 1 cuillerée à soupe de piment rouge haché * 1 cuillerée à soupe de sésame grillé * 1 cuillère à soupe de sucre * 100 à 160g de gros sel # Coupez le chou en lamelles dans le sens de la longueur et mettez-le dans un saladier rempli d’eau tiède salée. Saupoudrez le chou de gros sel (à mettre entre chaque feuille). Laissez reposer et dégorger pendant une nuit. # Le lendemain, rincez les lamelles de chou à l’eau et égouttez-les. Dans un autre saladier: Coupez le navet et les poireaux en fines lamelles d’environ 5 cm # Mélangez les ingrédients pour faire la pâte d’épices : gingembre,piment rouge, ail,sucre et sauce de poisson. Il faut tout éplucher ou râper afin de faire la pâte. Étalez cette pâte entre les feuilles de chou. Déposez les morceaux de chou dans un grand récipient. Saupoudrez avec un peu de sésame grillé. # Placez un couvercle ou une assiette sur le récipient, ou fermez-le hermétiquement. Il faut maintenant attendre 4 à 5 jours pour que le kimchi fermente. Il est à consommer dans les jours suivants l'ouverture du pot et peut se conserver environ trois semaines au frigo.conserver environ trois semaines au frigo.)
- Water Ceramic Filter + (The silver brushing will eliminate the bacteria.)
- Collective laundry practice + (<u>The individual reflection:</u& … The individual reflection: Take a pen and a paper, and try to answer to these questions. The goal is to define the habits and needs of each laundry practice. ''1. How often do you do the laundry?'' ''2. Do you sort your clothes?'' ''3. If yes, how?'' ''4. Which machine programs do you use?'' ''5. What do you like about your practice?'' ''6. What would you change in your practice? ''our practice?'' ''6. What would you change in your practice? '')
- Domestic biodigestor + (The entry of the system will be the biodig … The entry of the system will be the biodigestor mouth. The installation will first be done to verify dimensions of the system, and then will be dissasembled and definitively glued. * Put a PVC pipe in one of the digestor openings, without putting it too much inside (this would reduce matter circulation). * Create a 90° angle using two 45° bends. On small diameter tubes, it is better to have smooth angles, as a direct 90° angle would get stuck more easily. * Build the "mouth" with large diameter pipes. The larger the mouth is, the easier it will be to feed the digestor. A first fermentation process happens in the mouth. An unscrewable lid closes the mouth. * Link the mouth to the digestor, placing it higher than the digestor, so that matter can circulate in the system with gravity. can circulate in the system with gravity.)
- Solar water heater + (Refrigerators are numerous in waste collec … Refrigerators are numerous in waste collection centres, it is necessary to identify those which have the adequate grids (see Preface - Grid) and of the largest possible dimension. Pinching the pipes at the outlet of the compressor will limit the exhaust of refrigerant gases. Cut the pipes as close as possible to the compressor to ensure maximum length with the grid. Unscrew the grid. Wash the grid with soapy water. Blow a blower into the pipes to remove impurities. Seal the pipes with tape to prevent impurities from getting into them, as they may have a small diameter and become obstructed.ve a small diameter and become obstructed.)
- Poêle de masse OXA-LIBRE + (<nowiki>=Quincaillerie=<br />& …
=Quincaillerie= ar chèque à l'ordre de PRSE est à envoyer par courrier au 25 avenue Buissonnet, 26240 SAINT VALLIER<br /><br /><br />Pour plus d'informations, contactez PRSE :<br /><br />• Téléphone : +33 4 75 23 05 56<br /><br />• Fax : +33 4 75 23 30 85<br /><br />• Mail : <u>[Mailto:info@prse.eu?subject=BRIQUES info@prse.eu]</u></nowiki>)
[http://www.portesdefoyer.eu/index.php?stilus=lap&hiv=1 PORTES DE FOYER]
[http://www.portesdefoyer.eu/php/wtermresz.php?tid=634 BG31-B]
Matériel à petit prix mais de qualité suffisante pour notre modèle dont la porte n'est pas soumis au rayonnement des braises.
Le paiement s'effectue en espèce lors de la livraison auprès du transporteur et non au moment de la commande
[https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/42-portes-de-foyer COEUR DE FOYER]
Portes mieux finies et de meilleur qualité que les précédentes. Tout les modèles de dimension 41X41cm conviennent
[https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/trappe-de-ramonage/1610-porte-de-ramonage-htt-405-noire.html TRAPPE DE RAMONAGE]
[https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/cendrier/815-porte-de-cendrier-pisla-htt-412-noire.html PORTE DE CENDRIER]
[http://www.portesdefoyer.eu/php/wtermresz.php?tid=252 FOUR AVEC CARCASSE] [http://www.portesdefoyer.eu/php/wtermresz.php?tid=252 KL-E (correspond aux plans à partir de novembre 2018). D'autres dimensions de fours peuvent être choisies, il suffit d'adapter celles du trou de l'habillage]
[https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/nappes-laines/172-nappe-refractaire-13-mm.html LAINE CERAMIQUE] (1m)
[https://www.dusoleildansnosassiettes.com/boutique-po-le-de-masse CORNIERES]
[https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/cendrier/247-tiroir-a-cendres-pisla-htt-112-6414674040233.html TIROIR A CENDRE HTT112]
[https://fr.ofenseite.com/250mm-Tube-droit-100cm-noir?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIwrTAwces1wIVC-AZCh1fHw8vEAkYCSABEgK4z_D_BwE TUBE POUR BAF 4kW]
[[Mailto:la.avril@free.fr|BAF 8kW]] (Lire ce [http://pdm-oxalis.forumactif.com/t53-boite-a-feu-8kw topic] avant)
[http://www.ebay.it/itm/CANNA-FUMARIA-TRAMOGGIA-ACCIAIO-INOX-TUTTE-LE-MISURE-E-DIAMETRI-/191991188706?var=&hash=item7274f0e0ea AVALOIR]
[http://reseau-ventilation.oxygen-industry.com/index.php/regulateur-debit-registre-male-fermeture-totale-avec-joint-diam-150-mm.html REGISTRE SANS CABLE] OU [https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/clapets-d-air/747-clapet-d-air-papillon-etanche-o.html?search_query=clapet&results=45#/165-diametre-150 AVEC CABLE]
[https://www.npm.fr/resistance-a-sec-800w-chauffe-eau-fagor-282019ckt-p-54319 RESISTANCE ELECTRIQUE DE PRECHAUFFAGE CONDUIT]
[https://www.ebay.fr/itm/Thermometre-Infrarouge-laser-IR-Numerique-mesure-temperature-50-C-a-400-C/293842675960?hash=item446a6368f8:g:sIwAAOSwNmVfxmEv THERMOMETRE LASER]
[https://www.manomano.fr/ramonage-1465?model_id=4705643&referer_id=698394&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI8cGXg9fK9gIVV-R3Ch0ZLQlqEAQYASABEgIGRvD_BwE GOUPILLON DE RAMONAGE]
[https://www.coeurdefoyer.fr/ustensiles-accessoires/70-thermometre-pour-four-a-pain-o-150.html?search_query=thermometre&results=12 THERMOMETRE A TIGE]
ECHANGEUR ECS DN25 (https://boutique-solaire-diffusion.eu/flexibles-inox/457-inox-annele-au-metre.html) : 3m pour l'ECS et 6 pour le hammam plus éventuellement le raccordement. Connections et bobines (plus économique) sont proposés dans la même rubrique.
=Maçonnerie=
Premier fournisseur de briques pour poêles de masse en France, [https://www.prse.eu/ PRSE] propose les matériaux réfractaires adaptés à votre projet. En plus de vendre directement aux particuliers, cette entreprise pré-découpe les briques en atelier.
Sont indiqués ci-dessous un ordre d'idée des prix de l'ensemble de ces briques pré-découpées et du coulis nécessaire à maçonner chaque modèle. Les frais de port et d'emballage sont inclus, à vous de déterminer la zone de livraison en France métropolitaine.
Cet estimatif ne comprend pas la quincaillerie et les matériaux spéciaux du poêle, le banc (fabriqué avec des boisseaux de cheminée classiques posés à plat), ainsi que le conduit
S :
Poids : 2005Kg
Prix : 2800€
M :
Poids : 2293Kg
Prix : 3000€
L :
Poids : 2646Kg
Prix : 3200€
==Comment commander==
Pour commander, il suffit d'indiquer à PRSE :
- Le modèle que vous désirez
- Vos coordonnées, adresse de livraison et n° de tél. Le cas échéant, prévenir des difficultés de livraison (route étroite ou gravillonnée)
==Paiement & livraison==
Le règlement des matériaux par chèque à l'ordre de PRSE est à envoyer par courrier au 25 avenue Buissonnet, 26240 SAINT VALLIER
Pour plus d'informations, contactez PRSE :
• Téléphone : +33 4 75 23 05 56
• Fax : +33 4 75 23 30 85
• Mail : [Mailto:info@prse.eu?subject=BRIQUES info@prse.eu] - Plastic bottle cutter + (Drill two holes in the board. In these two … Drill two holes in the board. In these two holes are bolted bolts, around which are inserted washers. A cutter blade is disposed between the washers. With this device, we can cut plastic bottles to transform them into yarn of adjustable thickness (the thickness of the yarn is modified with the height of the cutter blade). On the system used here, the dimensions are slightly different. The manufacturing remains exactly the same, but the dimensions given in this tutorial are optimized compared to those shown in the photos.zed compared to those shown in the photos.)
- Worm Compost Bins + (Drill with drill bit to make the hole for the valve tap and fit the stainless ball or butterfly valvetap (1/2” inch or 3/4” inch) with hydraulic fittings. The tap should be approximately 5-10cm from the bottom of the barrel.)
- Attrape Nuages + (Creuser deux trous d'1m de profondeur, esp … Creuser deux trous d'1m de profondeur, espacés de 2,5m, à l'endroit où implanter l'Attrape Nuages. Enduire environ 1m de l'extrémité des pieux de béton. Dans chaque trou, positionner un pieu. Pour lever les pieux, s'aider des câbles attachés à leur sommet, voire même d'un tire-fort si c'est trop difficile. Arrimer temporairement les pieux (en plantant des sardines, des barres d'acier, ou à l'aide de cailloux). Ajouter des pierres pour combler les trous. Compléter avec du béton. Vérifier la verticalité des pieux à l'aide d'un niveau à bulles, rectifier avant que le béton n'ait pris. Arrimer les pieux définitivement à l'aide des câbles. On peut couler des plots en béton pour y fixer l'extrémité basse des câbles. Un tendeur sur chacun des câbles permet de régler la tension.un des câbles permet de régler la tension.)
- Micro-fogão gaseificador + (1 - No fundo da caixa (2), marque a locali … 1 - No fundo da caixa (2), marque a localização de cerca de quinze furos distribuídos por toda a superfície. Na parte superior da caixa (2), marque a localização de cerca de dez furos, distribuídos uniformemente por toda a caixa. 2 - Em seguida, fure nos locais marcados com uma broca de 7 mm (ou com martelo e prego).ma broca de 7 mm (ou com martelo e prego).)
- Plastic pyrolyzer + (For this test, plastic waste is mostly polypropylene.)
- Thrifty and stand-alone water point + (Gather 3 transversal battens from the wooden box (1 short / 2 long) et use them to make a T-shaped lever (around 25cm - 10 inch long). Attach those 3 pieces with some glue.)
- Biodiesel + (Avant de pouvoir être transformée, l’huile … Avant de pouvoir être transformée, l’huile usagée doit tout d’abord être filtrée pour la nettoyer des éventuels résidus alimentaires (frites, beignets…). Il est conseillé de laisser l’huile décanter pendant quelques jours. Filtrer une première fois l’huile pour se débarrasser des particules les plus grosses (ex: drap en coton doublé, chaussette…). Puis verser l’huile dans une poche de filtration d'au maximum 5µm (le plus fin sera le mieux) au-dessus d’un bidon propre prévu à cet effet.essus d’un bidon propre prévu à cet effet.)
- Phytoépuration eaux usées + (En fonction de la disposition du terrain * … En fonction de la disposition du terrain * Creuser ou maçonner ou réaliser en bois la structure du filtre vertical de 90cm X 2m X nombre d’équivalent-habitant en mètre. * Ensabler légèrement pour avoir un fond plat et une pente légère (≈1%) en direction du deuxième filtre * Pour les constructions enterrées, poser une barrière anti-racinesenterrées, poser une barrière anti-racines)
- Phytoépuration eaux usées + (En fonction de la disposition du terrain * … En fonction de la disposition du terrain * Creuser ou maçonner ou réaliser en bois la structure du filtre vertical de 90cm X 2m X nombre d’équivalent-habitant en mètre. * Ensabler légèrement pour avoir un fond plat et une pente légère (≈1%) en direction du deuxième filtre * Pour les constructions enterrées, poser une barrière anti-racinesenterrées, poser une barrière anti-racines)
- Cuiseur micro gazéificateur + (1 - Sur le fond de la boite (2), marquez l … 1 - Sur le fond de la boite (2), marquez l'emplacement d'une quinzaine de trous répartis sur toute la surface. En partie haute de la boite (2), marquez l'emplacement d'une dizaine de trous, répartis équitablement tout autour de la boite. 2 - Percez ensuite aux emplacements marqués avec une mèche de 7 mm (ou avec le marteau et le clou).e de 7 mm (ou avec le marteau et le clou).)
- Cuiseur micro gazéificateur + (1 - Sur le fond de la boite (2), marquez l … 1 - Sur le fond de la boite (2), marquez l'emplacement d'une quinzaine de trous répartis sur toute la surface. En partie haute de la boite (2), marquez l'emplacement d'une dizaine de trous, répartis équitablement tout autour de la boite. 2 - Percez ensuite aux emplacements marqués avec une mèche de 7 mm (ou avec le marteau et le clou).e de 7 mm (ou avec le marteau et le clou).)
- Micro gasifier stove + (1 - On the bottom of the box (2), mark the … 1 - On the bottom of the box (2), mark the location of about fifteen holes distributed over the entire surface. In the upper part of the box (2), mark the location of about ten holes, evenly distributed around the can. 2 - Then drill at the marked locations with a 7 mm drill bit (or with the hammer and nail).m drill bit (or with the hammer and nail).)
- Filtre à eau en céramique + (Mettre le pot dans un container en plastique plus ou moins grand selon la quantité d'eau que l'on veut pouvoir stocker. Les FILTRONs utilisent des containers de 20L et peuvent stocker 10L d'eau purifiée.)
- Point d'accès et portail captif sur une Raspberry Pi: Transmission d'informations dans un réseau fermé + (La Raspberry Pi utilise une carte SD comme … La Raspberry Pi utilise une carte SD comme disque dur. Nous allons installer le système d'exploitation dessus, et nous allons choisir Raspberry Pi OS (anciennement Raspbian), optimisée pour la Raspberry Pi et adaptée à la majorité des utilisations.
*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/ Installer Raspberry-Pi Imager] sur l'ordinateur portable dans la version correspondant à votre système d'exploitation (Windows, Mac, Ubuntu). *Une fois le logiciel téléchargé, brancher la carte SD à l'ordinateur (vous allez peut être avoir besoin d'un lecteur de carte SD *Ouvrir Raspberry-Pi Imager *Dans le menu "CHOISIR L'OS", choisir le premier choix soit : "RaspberryPI OS (32-bit), (Recommended)" *Dans le menu "CHOISIR LE STOCKAGE" choisir le stockage correspondant à la carte SD *Cliquer sur "ECRIRE" *Lorsque le processus est fini, débrancher la carte SD de l'ordinateur et passez à la prochaine étape! ttps://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/getting-started.html</div> </div>) - Accès à l'Eau Forage et Pompe + (Pour chaque méthode de forage manuel, un t … Pour chaque méthode de forage manuel, un tutoriel explique comment confectioner les outils. [https://smartcentregroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Mzuzu-drilling-2.-How-to-make.-Vrs.-20210602.pdf Tutoriel de fabrication de l'outillage de forage Mzuzu] [https://smartcentregroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Making-a-SHIPO-Drill-set-20190426.pdf Tutoriel de fabrication de l'outillage de forage SHIPO]abrication de l'outillage de forage SHIPO])
- Bio-Coal + (Provide us with you remarks, ideas, experiences [http://lowtechlab.wikifab.org/index.php/Discussion:Bio_Charbon '''here'''] to help us improve this lowtech!)
- Cocedor micro gasificador + (Se basa en el principio de la gasificación … Se basa en el principio de la gasificación: La madera se calienta en una atmósfera baja en oxígeno, lo que permite la liberación de gases inflamables llamados "Syngas", que luego se queman en la parte superior de la estufa. El Micro-gasificador se enciende desde arriba. El aire primario introducido en la parte inferior pasa a través de la masa del combustible y permite mantener un fondo de pirólisis que desciende a medida que se liberan los gases combustibles. El aire secundario se inyecta en la parte superior para proporcionar el oxígeno necesario para la combustión de los gases que se liberan hacia arriba. Se obtienen mejores resultados en convección forzada con el uso de un ventilador integrado bajo la rejilla de apoyo de combustible, pero esto necesita un suministro fiable de electricidad. La temperatura de combustión es de alrededor de 800°C, y las eficiencias térmicas oscilan entre el 30 y el 45%, dependiendo de la calidad de fabricación del sistema y de su aislamiento. Es ligero, compacto, fiable, consume poco combustible y genera, en el mejor de los casos, carbón reutilizable para otras aplicaciones. Por lo tanto, se trata de un sistema de muy baja tecnología y alto rendimiento en comparación con los sistemas convencionales utilizados en todo el mundo. A modo de comparación, el gráfico adjunto muestra el rendimiento energético de diferentes sistemas. El micro gasificador se llama aquí "wood gas stove".asificador se llama aquí "wood gas stove".)
- Low-tech Computer + (We recommend using the Low-tech computer t … We recommend using the Low-tech computer to be able to consult Wikipedia offline.
To do this, we will use the '''Kiwix''' software. This free software allows you to have the entire Wikipedia encyclopedia ('''and many other contents''') in hand wherever you are! On a boat in the middle of nowhere or even in prison, it allows access to all of human knowledge. You do not need internet access, everything is saved on your computer, your USB key or DVD.
For this you will need:
*Kiwix (the software)
*The ZIM file with the Wikipedia content in the specific language that the user wants (for ex. French).
We will present two slightly different installation options:
*Option 1: Use Kiwix as a Reader
The KIWIX Reader allows you to '''consult offline, without an internet connection, content packages''' (Wikipedia, TEDx, ...) in ZIM format. It is available for all major operating systems (Windows, Mac, GNU/Linux, Android). It comes as a standalone application or browser plugin. Install it and consult Wikipedia content directly on your Low-tech computer.
*Option 2: Use Kiwix as a Hotspot KIWIX hotspot allows you to '''convert a low-cost mini-computer like the Raspberry Pi into a relay to distribute free content, without an internet connection, via a local network'''. This solution is especially useful for schools, libraries, communities, humanitarian organizations, etc. End users only need a device capable of detecting the network with the browser, they do not need to download and install anything on their device. KIWIX Hotspot works on Windows, macOS and Linux.eir device. KIWIX Hotspot works on Windows, macOS and Linux.) - Desert fridge + (The Zeer Pot is: 2 terracotta (or clay) p … The Zeer Pot is: 2 terracotta (or clay) pottery interwoven with a layer of moist sand of about 4 cm between the two. The inner jar contains food to keep cool. The sand allows the refrigeration of the system. The outer pot contains it all. The water contained in the sand needs energy to be transformed into steam, this is the principle of evaporation. In this case, the heat contained in the internal pot will supply this energy and allow the water to evaporate. This thermal reaction lowers the internal pot temperature and keeps the food cool.l pot temperature and keeps the food cool.)
- Black Soldier Fly breeding + (The breeding environment can be made with … The breeding environment can be made with various materials. For the prototype of the boat for example, we built a wooden box in which we put a plastic bin containing the waste and larvae (See photo). For example, you can use a plastic drum cut on top, or a simple plastic box. '''For the construction:''' '''1. Preparation of the boards''' *Using an electric or hand saw, cut the 6 boards to the right lengths *Sand the boards *Apply an undercoat on all sides of the boards and allow to dry *Apply a coat of wood paint and let it dry *Apply a coat of varnish (optional) and let it dry '''2. Assembly of the box''' *Using the angles and screws, assemble the boards on the bottom of the box *Using angles and screws, connect the different sides of the box *Cut out cleats to strengthen the inside of the box and attach the lid to it. *Using screws, fix the cleats on the upper part of the walls *Prepare the cover by installing hinges. *Install the cover on the box and fix the hinges '''3. Preparation of the waste box''' If the sides of your waste bin are not very high, it may be useful to put an additional barrier against larvae escape *Pass an old used inner tube all around your tray and leave a part coming out towards the inside *Staple the inner tube to the tray *Place the tray at the bottom of the box and stick it against one side '''4. Preparation of the slope''' *Cut the board in the shape of a trapezoid so that it forms a ramp when placed on the waste and joins the edge of the box at an angle of less than 45 degrees *Cut cleats to fit the external shapes of the ramp *Secure them with screws on the ramp '''5. Installation of the ramp ''' To facilitate maintenance, we put the ramp on a hinge to be able to lift it up and easily remove the bin from the waste *Install a hinge on the lower part of the ramp *Attach the hinge to the box '''6. Cutting of the holes on the box''' In order to allow the entry of flies and the exit of larvae, holes must be drilled on the sides of the box. For larvaes: *Measure the location where the ramp arrives and count 2cm high for the opening *Using a drill, make holes at the 4 ends of your opening *Using a saw, connect these holes to create an opening For the flies *On the sides of the box, drill with a hole saw about ten openings of 5cm in diameter '''7. Placing of the larvae collection box''' *Using screws, fix the plastic box under the larvae exit slot '''8. Laying supports (if no separate aviary)''' *Cut out pieces of cardboard boxes that are 10cm by 5cm thick. *Assemble 4 pieces with string *Attach two screws to the cleats at both ends of the box *Hang a string on these screws *Hang the egg-laying supports on the string so that they are as close as possible to the waste '''The general recommendations for the design of the living environment are :''' - Size your waste bin according to your weekly volume. Indeed, it is not necessary to have a too thick layer of substrate so it is better to be able to spread out your waste rather than stack it. - Drill holes so that female flies can come and lay eggs inside. - Place the egg-laying supports above the waste, as close as possible. These can be made of honeycomb cardboard or wooden planks separated by a pin (a gap must be left in which the flies will lay their eggs). During hatching, the larvae will fall directly into the waste. - Have a well sealed waste box to prevent larvae from escaping in case of lack of food. - Put a ramp for the exit of the larvae. It can be inclined up to 45 degrees but prefer a softer slope. As larvae tend to follow the edges of the box to find the exit, it may be good if the ramp is the full width of the box. - Avoid the ventilation holes on top to protect the substrate as much as possible from rain. On the pictures, you can see the plans of the system we had validated and that works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below. works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below.)
- Garde-Manger: Pantry Storage + (The first step in using a food-storage sys … The first step in using a food-storage system, such as the one proposed here, is for the user to question the ways in which they buy and consume. Given that food storage modules that we're going to propose below are mainly designed for raw and fresh foods, it would be complicated for the user feeding themselves with ready-made meals to benefit from the technical suggestions provided, for example. The "Zero Waste" approach, originating from Franco-American Béa Johnson, is an excellent method to put into practice. It enables, at the same time, a significant reduction of waste produced globally (packaging, plastic, etc). [https://www.zerowastefrance.org/ Zero Waste France] is a very good resource for complementary information on helping consumers take action.ormation on helping consumers take action.)
- Coco soap + (The first step is to extract the coconut o … The first step is to extract the coconut oil from ripe coconut (brown nuts). Here is the procedure: * Open the coconut * Scrape the pulp with a scraper if you do not have a mixer-blender. If you own a blender you can detach the pulp from the shell roughly and mix everything. * Put the resulting coconut crumbs in a container, cover with hot water and mix well. If you use a blender you can directly cover with hot water and mix. * Place a clean towel over a second container and filter the resulting coconut milk. press the cloth tightly to obtain as much filtrate as possible. * Place the coconut milk obtained in a plastic bottle and allow to settle until two distinct phases are obtained. We find the coconut cream above and the water below. Drill a small hole in the bottom of the bottle to let the water escape and plug the hole to keep the cream. * Pour the cream into a pan and cook over medium heat, stirring. Burnished cream and translucent oil is extracted. This step can take several tens of minutes. * Filter the extracted coconut oil.nutes. * Filter the extracted coconut oil.)
- Hydroponics + (In order to gain in autonomy, it is possib … In order to gain in autonomy, it is possible to install a timer system thanks to a programmable electrical socket or an arduino allowing to program the starting of the pump and the bubbler.
* Indeed, for a better development of the plants, it is advisable to proceed to a regular watering alternated with dry breaks. This water stress will strengthen the roots.
For this purpose, we recommend that the pump be switched on for 30 minutes every 2 hours during the day. No watering at night.
* The biofilter needs to be aerated regularly for good growth and survival of bacteria.
'''We recommend lighting the bubbler for 1 minute every 5 minutes, 24 hours a day.'''
'''Arduino control system: '''
[[Gestion énergétique d'un système d'hydroponie/fr]]
[[Gestion énergétique d'un système d'hydroponie/fr]] <br/>) - Biodiesel + (Before it can be converted, the used oil m … Before it can be converted, the used oil must be filtered first in order to remove any possible food residues (fries, doughnuts...). We recommend you let the oil settle for a few days. An initial filtration must be carried out to get rid of the biggest particles (e.g.: with a double cotton sheet or a sock...). Then pour the oil into a 5µm maximum filter bag (the finer the better) above the clean canister, prepared beforehand.e the clean canister, prepared beforehand.)
- Micro-gasifier Cooking Stove + (- Put tin can (2) into the large tin can (1) as shown in the diagram. - Place tin can (3) on top of the two other tin cans which have been nested one inside the other. - The pyrolytic stove is now ready for you to use !)
- Solar water heater + (The creation of the chamber is very easy : … The creation of the chamber is very easy : cut the bottom of the bottle in a way that you could slot them together (picture). The more complicated step is to slot at the base of your pile two bottle in the opposite direction, in a way that the edge of the chamber are neck. /!\ Wait before sealing with the adhesive tape !it before sealing with the adhesive tape !)
- Solar lamp with reused lithium cells + (This tutorial shows how to recover compute … This tutorial shows how to recover computer cells to make a new battery. Powered by a solar panel, or by a USB port, it will allow you to light an LED lamp. The system works around three modules: * the energy reception module: the solar panel and its charge controller * the energy storage module: the battery * the module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator '''Energy Receiving Module: Photovoltaic Panel & Charge Controller''' The photovoltaic panel concentrates the energy of the sun. It allows to recover its energy in order to store it in the battery. But be careful, the amount of energy received by the panel is irregular depending on the time of day, the weather... it is important to install a charge/discharge regulator between the panel and the battery. This will be protected against overload, among other things. '''Energy storage module: the battery''' It is composed of two lithium cells recovered from a computer. To put it in a nutshell, a battery is a bit like a box containing several batteries: each of them is a cell, a unit that supplies power to the device by electrochemical reaction. The cells found in computers are lithium cells. They all have the same capacity to store energy, but their ability to make it is different for each. To form a battery from cells it is important that they all have the same ability to deliver energy. It is therefore necessary to measure the capacity of each cell to compose homogeneous batteries. '''Module that renders the energy: the LED lamp, the 5V USB port and its voltage converter''' Our battery supplies us with 3.7V power and the LED lamps we used operate at the same voltage. In addition, the USB ports provide a voltage of 5V. We therefore need to transform the cell energy from 3.7V to 5V: using a voltage converter called DC/DC booster3.7V to 5V: using a voltage converter called DC/DC booster)
- Batteries recovery + (This tutorial shows how to recover the bat … This tutorial shows how to recover the battery cells from a computer in order to create a new battery. Powered by a solar panel or by a USB port, it will allow you to light a LED lamp. The system works around three modules: * the energy reception module: the solar panel and its charge controller * the energy storage module: the battery * the module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator '''Energy Receiving Module: Photovoltaic Panel & Charge Controller''' The photovoltaic panel concentrates the energy of the sun. It allows to recover its energy in order to store it in the battery. But be careful, the amount of energy received by the panel is irregular depending on the time of day, the weather... It is important to install a charge/discharge regulator between the panel and the battery to protect it against overload, among other things. '''Energy storage module: the battery''' It is made of two lithium cells recovered from a computer. To put it in a nutshell, a battery is a bit like a box containing several batteries: each of them is a cell, a unit that supplies power to the device by electrochemical reaction. The cells found in computers are lithium cells. They all have the same capacity to store energy, but their capacity to deliver it is different for each. To make a battery from cells it is important that they all have the same capacity to deliver energy. It is therefore necessary to measure the capacity of each cell to compose homogeneous batteries. '''The module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator''' Our batterie delivers a 3.7V current and our LED lamps work with 12V. So we need to transform the cell's energy from 3.7V to 12V : thanks to the voltage regulator called DC/DC booster. A small screw on this module allows to regulate voltage. You can set it to 12V - or another voltage according to your LED's characteristics.r another voltage according to your LED's characteristics.)
- Bait for Melipona bees + (To make a big amount of mixture • Mix 100ml of 90° alcohol and 300g of Bee propolis in the first bottle. • Leave to macerate in the shade for 7 days.)
- Savon de cendre et de graisse animale + ( * Faire fondre la graisse dans le fut en métal ; * Y verser la lessive de cendre ; * Porter le tout à ébullition pour accélérer la réaction, mélanger pour éviter le débordement. )
- Savon de cendre et de graisse animale + ( * Faire fondre la graisse dans le fut en métal ; * Y verser la lessive de cendre ; * Porter le tout à ébullition pour accélérer la réaction, mélanger pour éviter le débordement. )
- Tawashi + (Use your pencil and ruler to draw a square 12cmx12cm. Put 20 nails every 2 cm. With your hammer, firmly plant the nails into the board onto each of the 20 dots.)
- Phyto-Purification of Wastewater + ( * Install a manhole at the top of the fil … * Install a manhole at the top of the filter as an inlet for the polluted wastewater. * Inside the manhole, install a 3-way valve to distribute the water between the two beds. * Install a manhole at the bottom of the filter that collects the drained water. the filter that collects the drained water. )
- Solar Oven (box-type oven) + (1) Take the [[:Fichier:Plans cuiseur solaire.jpg|plans de la boîte]] … 1) Take the [[:Fichier:Plans cuiseur solaire.jpg|plans de la boîte]] , the plywood panels and the tape measure 2) Copy the dimensions of the side A on one of the panels with a ruler. 3) Use the protractor to create an angle of 60° and another one of 30° as shown on the schema. 4) Fix the panel on the working table with the clamp. 5) Protect the ears and the eyes 6) Cut following the drawings with the jigsaw. 7) Copy the dimensions of the schema on the second panel to realize the side B. 8) Cut the second panel 9) Draw, cut the panels C, D and E '''Comment''': if at the cutting of the panels, the borders of the plywood panel contains thorns, it can be useful to sand the borders with sandpaper. The panels being voluntary thin, it is necessary to fix on the panels A and B the sticks that will be used as support to screw the panels C, D and E. The sticks will be, in ideal, of the same thickness of the isolator. Cut the sticks 1) Take the sticks and draw the desired dimensions 2) Fix the sticks on the clamping and cut with a saw. Fix the stick to the panels 3) Position one of the stick and use the clamp to maintain the whole 4) Return the panel and screw with a screw (two screws per stick is enough). '''Comment''': Keep in mind to keep the thickness of a panel between the end of the panel and the stick (it is at this place that the panels C, D and E will come). 1) Screw the panels C, D and E on the sticks, 3 screws are enough. We obtain so the inside of the box. The isolator will be added and then the inside box will be covered with reflectings. '''Comment''': To screw, it is sometime judicious to pre-screw with a drill or a broach.ous to pre-screw with a drill or a broach.)
- Système passif d'hydroponie + ( * Acheter ou construire un bac étanche. Il est possible de s'inspirer du bac étanche de ce [http://lab.lowtechlab.org/index.php?title=Bassin_de_culture_de_spiruline tuto] )
- Système passif d'hydroponie + ( * Acheter ou construire un bac étanche. Il est possible de s'inspirer du bac étanche de ce [http://lab.lowtechlab.org/index.php?title=Bassin_de_culture_de_spiruline tuto] )
- Biodiesel + (Antes de poder transformarse, el aceite us … Antes de poder transformarse, el aceite usado primero debe filtrarse para limpiarlo de eventuales residuos alimentarios (patatas fritas, buñuelos...). Es aconsejable dejar el aceite decantando durante algunos días. Filtre una primera vez el aceite para quitar las partículas más grandes (ej: paño de algodón doblado, calcetín...). Después verse el aceite en una bolsa de filtrado de 5µm máximo (el mejor será el más fino) debajo de un bidón limpio previsto para esta acción.un bidón limpio previsto para esta acción.)
- Domestic mealworm farming + ('' 'Beginning of breeding' '' Upon receip … '' 'Beginning of breeding' '' Upon receipt of the mealworms, they can be placed in a plastic container with the flour and carrots. '''Food''' Insects are used to a dry environment, their food should be checked weekly. If you want to consume the insects, you will have to give them human food (no peeling). Worms eat flour and vegetables (they are crazy about carrots). '' 'The Mealworm Cycle' '' The worm will mutate into an adult, the adults will lay eggs, and the cycle begins again! Before its transformation, the worm stores as much protein as possible. '' 'Appearance of adults' '' Once the first adults are present, keep in mind that there will be small eggs in the tray with adults. It is necessary to have 3 bins: - 1 tray containing nymphs, adults, adult eggs and cardboard - 1 tray containing the larvae, adults can stay a maximum of 1 week in this tray (to avoid having eggs in this tray) - 1 empty bin for transfers maintenance The maintenance of the bins is carried out with each sorting of insects. The flour trays can be changed every month. The flour in the adult container should be stored for 4 weeks, in order to collect the larvae from the eggs.order to collect the larvae from the eggs.)
- Bokashi Kompost für die Küche + ( * Bohren von vielen Löchern in den Boden des Kompostbehälters mit Hilfe der Bohrmaschine und einem Aufsatz von 3 mm. )
- 200W Wind Turbine + ( * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95m … * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95mm x 35mm '''Notes''': 1) The wood should be imputrescible, light-weighted and easy to work with. For example, red cedar, Oregon pine, spruce, larch, douglas fir may be suitable. 2) For this tutorial, the section of the red cedar plank is 150mm x 45mm. 3) The parameter which determines the energy transmitted by the wind at the propeller is the length of the blade and not it’s breadth. *With the help of the blade pattern, '''lower side visible''', mark the location for the first blade. '''Notes''': 1) Put the knots and defects of the wood at the end of the blade, so that the thinnest part does not become fragile (middle-end of the blade). 2) Select the leading edge ridge as neatly as possible. This ridge will not be altered during the cutting of the blade. 3) Extend the blade tip pattern by 4-5 cm to maintain a margin in case of damage. * Do the same for the 2 other blades and cut the blades. '''Note''': When using a circular saw for cutting, be careful to place the width of the blade always on the outside of the line. * Rectify the left of the blades if necessary with the help of a plane. * Fix the 3 blades together with the help of the clamps and equalize all the irregular planes. All the 3 blades needs to be strictly identical. * Mark the position of the leading edge ridge for it to stay where it is. It will be its landmark. stay where it is. It will be its landmark. )
- Biofilter + ('''1)''' Connect the pump to the hose. '' … '''1)''' Connect the pump to the hose. '''2)''' Place it right at the back of the second 60L container. '''3)''' Pour 15 to 20L of water into the container. '''Caution: '''In order to retain the cascading effect from the biofilter, the liquid in the container should not exceed the 40L level. To avoid damage to the pump through turning it on without water, do not fill under the 10L level.ut water, do not fill under the 10L level.)
- Attrape Nuages + (Creuser deux trous d'1m de profondeur, esp … Creuser deux trous d'1m de profondeur, espacés de 2,5m, à l'endroit où implanter l'Attrape Nuages. Enduire environ 1m de l'extrémité des pieux de béton. Dans chaque trou, positionner un pieu. Pour lever les pieux, s'aider des câbles attachés à leur sommet, voire même d'un tire-fort si c'est trop difficile. Arrimer temporairement les pieux (en plantant des sardines, des barres d'acier, ou à l'aide de cailloux). Ajouter des pierres pour combler les trous. Compléter avec du béton. Vérifier la verticalité des pieux à l'aide d'un niveau à bulles, rectifier avant que le béton n'ait pris. Arrimer les pieux définitivement à l'aide des câbles. On peut couler des plots en béton pour y fixer l'extrémité basse des câbles. Un tendeur sur chacun des câbles permet de régler la tension.un des câbles permet de régler la tension.)
- Fog collector + (Découper un rectangle de 2m sur 4m dans la … Découper un rectangle de 2m sur 4m dans la maille agricole Raschel. La plier en 2, de sorte à obtenir un carré de 2m sur 2m. Découper 4 bandes de bâche de 2,10 m sur environ 20-30cm. Coudre la bâche tout autour du carré de filet, comme pour faire un ourlet, à l'aide d'un fil résistant aux UV. Tous les 40cm environ, sur 3 côtés du carré, percer la bâche et insérer des anneaux de fixation solides.t insérer des anneaux de fixation solides.)
- Solar air heater + (Detailed plans and CAO have been realised … Detailed plans and CAO have been realised by [https://www.enerlog.fr/ Enerlog]. They are available in open-source here : https://cloud.ecutsa.fr/index.php/s/apRoi395xdQb52T#pdfviewer Those plans have been used for the first version built during a workshop. They are shared here in order to respond to one of the objective of Enerlog: to support the reappropriation of the knowledge by the citizens by sharing knowledge and promote its transmission.ng knowledge and promote its transmission.)
- Biodiesel + (<div class="icon-instructions caution-i … La récupération du méthanol contenu peut s’effectuer par distillation du glycérol, c’est-à-dire en chauffant le glycérol à une température supérieure à 65°C, le point d’ébullition du méthanol. Les vapeurs de méthanol doivent ensuite passer au travers d’un condenseur, refroidir et être récoltées sous forme de liquide en sortie. '''Tuto vidéo de construction d'un alambic maison: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5H1UVv8FaO8''' *Former un serpentin avec le tuyau de cuivre (Par exemple autour d'un bidon d'eau). Laisser les deux extrémités rectilignes sur environ 30 cm. *Fixer le tuyau flexible sur la sortie de la cocotte minute à l'aide d'un collier de serrage. *Réaliser la jonction entre le tube de cuivre et le tuyau flexible à l'aide de colliers de serrage. *Verser la glycérine dans la cocotte minute et chauffer l'ensemble à au moins 100 degrès. Le glycérol ayant une température d’ébullition de 290°C, pas besoin de contrôler précisément la température. *Refroidir le serpentin de cuivre en le plongeant dans un bac d'eau ou avec un linge humide pour accélérer la condensation du méthanol. *Récolter le méthanol recondensé dans un bocal en verre. un bac d'eau ou avec un linge humide pour accélérer la condensation du méthanol. *Récolter le méthanol recondensé dans un bocal en verre.)
- Worm Compost Bins + (Drill with drill bit to make the hole for the valve tap and fit the stainless ball or butterfly valvetap (1/2” inch or 3/4” inch) with hydraulic fittings. The tap should be approximately 5-10cm from the bottom of the barrel.)
- Solar desalinator + (For this model, the chosen floor area is 1 … For this model, the chosen floor area is 110 cm horizontal by 66 cm vertical. The wooden battens used have a section of 44 mm by 22 mm. The thickness of the frame is 44 mm. The frame is assembled with screws. At about 10 centimeters from the bottom of the frame, a cleat is added, as can be seen in the picture. It makes it possible to stiffen the frame, to stretch the sheet and to separate the freshwater and seawater parts (no risk of salt contamination).ter parts (no risk of salt contamination).)
- Energy use in households + (In France, buildings account for 45% of th … In France, buildings account for 45% of the total energy consumed, followed by transportation (33%), industry (19%), and agriculture (3%). Two-thirds of the energy consumption in this category comes from housing and one-third from service sector buildings. Within the home, in 2013, 67% of consumed energy went toward heating the home, 10.4% toward heating water, and 6% toward cooking. The remaining 16.6% was used for lighting, household appliances, office equipment, and hi-fi, all of which is grouped under the term “specific energy”. The 16,000 kWh consumed by each household costs just over €1,700 per year. In France, residential heating accounts for a larger portion of the total energy consumed (20.1%) than does industry (19%).consumed (20.1%) than does industry (19%).)
- Simple wooden bike trolley - hand tools only - back wheel attachment + (Here, we collect materials before adapting … Here, we collect materials before adapting the plan to what we find. At the local charity store, I found a bunch of single bed slates and a wooden board - 9€ I talked with someone who fixes second-hand bikes and sold me 2 kid front wheels - 5€ For hardware, we used whatever we had at home and headed to the hardware store to complete our set - spent around 13€ore to complete our set - spent around 13€)
- Desert fridge - light version + (Making (or finding) a cylindrical bag allowing the introduction of the container surrounded by 5 centimetres of sand under it and around it. Providing a slide and enough fabric height to be able to close the bag around the container.)
- Stand-Alone Adjustable Sink + ('''Materials''' *Clear tubing 16/12mm (12 … '''Materials''' *Clear tubing 16/12mm (120cm + 20cm) *Clear tubing 12/10mm (40cm) *Plastic reducing adapter 12/10mm *Foot pump *Swivel spout tap '''Directions''' #Connect the clean water bucket to the foot pump. Attach the 16/12 (1.2 meters) tube to the nozzle of the clean water bucket. Then, connect the 16/12 tube to the foot pump (The nozzle on the right when viewed from the bottom (water intake)). #Connect the foot pump to the swivel spout tap. Link the 16/12 (20cm) tube from the foot pump to the adapter and then to the 10/12 (40cm) clear tube which goes toward the swivel spout tap.he adapter and then to the 10/12 (40cm) clear tube which goes toward the swivel spout tap.)
- Thermosyphon Solar Water Heater + (Our system has no pumping system. The wate … Our system has no pumping system. The water circulation is only done thanks to a thermodynamic phenomenon called '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosiphon thermosiphon]'''.
The principle of the thermosiphon system is that cold water has a higher density than hot water because it is more compact. It is therefore heavier and sinking. However, all systems tend towards a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. There is a movement called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convective_heat_transfer thermal convection] to mix hot and cold water.
For this reason, the solar collector is always mounted underneath the water storage tank, so that the cold water from the tank reaches the collector via a downhill water pipe. When the water in the collector heats up, the hot water rises naturally, pushed up by the cold water and returns to the tank. The cycle tank -> water pipe -> collector heats the water until it reaches an equilibrium temperature. The consumer can then use the hot water from the top of the tank.
e the hot water from the top of the tank. <br/>) - A wood-saving oven + (Place the 10 cm diameter pipe between the hole left in the arch and the roof, so it's tight)
- Aliments fermentés - alternatives aux protéines animales + (Pour la partie concernant les fromages vég … Pour la partie concernant les fromages végétaux un autre tutoriel très complet est disponible sur le wiki. N'hésitez pas à le lire et essayer des recettes. [https://wiki.lowtechlab.org/wiki/Aliments_ferment%C3%A9s_-_k%C3%A9fir_de_laits_v%C3%A9g%C3%A9taux_et_fromages_vegan Aliments fermentés - kéfir de laits végétaux et fromages vegan] Si vous préférez acheter du fromage végétal je vous conseille la marque [https://www.jay-joy.com/ Jay & Joy], une crèmerie végétale artisanale sans soja, biologique et française. Leurs produits sont notamment trouvables dans les magasins Biocoop. Ils ont des fromages afinés type camembert, bleu, buche de chèvre... vraiment bluffants!, bleu, buche de chèvre... vraiment bluffants!)
- Ash and animal fat soap + (A soap is normally composed of a fatty aci … A soap is normally composed of a fatty acid (here animal fat) and a basic agent (high pH) such as soda or potash (here made from ash). These two compounds create a saponification reaction that creates soap. The Chemical Process Saponification is the reaction of a fatty substance with hydroxide ions (provided by an alkali such as potash or soda) to give a carboxylate ion (soap) and glycerol (also called glycerin). Soaps are therefore mixtures of carboxylate ions and metal cations (sodium or potassium ions). The carboxylate ion is a surface-active agent that lowers the surface tension of water: it is a detergent. It ensures washing thanks to 4 qualities : The wetting power: soapy water can penetrate the small interstices of the surface in contact (cloth, skin, table, plate...) more effectively than water ; Emulsifying power: the carboxylate ions agglutinate around the dirt and penetrate between it and the surface in contact until they isolate the dirt from this surface. They form micelles containing small particles of dirt. Carboxylate ions have a lipophilic end and are therefore particularly effective against fatty substances; The dispersing power: due to the properties of the carboxylate ions and the structure of the micelles, they repel each other and are therefore dispersed in soapy water; Foaming power: a film of carboxylate ions is formed on the surface of water with low surface tension. By agitating the soapy water, air bubbles can then be trapped. The foam does not intervene as such in the washing but is an indicator of the surface tension of the liquid and thus of its detergent power.he liquid and thus of its detergent power.)
- Salt preservation method applied in Rwanda + (Some pre-harvest foodstuffs require pre-processing (for meat, fish ...))
- Wüstenkühlschank leichte Version + (Stellen Sie einen zylindrischen Beutel her (oder sammeln Sie ihn), um den Kanister einzuführen, der von 5 Zentimeter Sand umgeben ist. Stellen Sie eine Gleit- und Gewebehöhe zur Verfügung, um den Beutel um den Tank herum zu schließen.)
- Tent heating stove + (Take the pipe diameter 20cm and cut it. 20Cm high. Cut a small opening 5x5cm at the bottom of the pipe. Cut a piece of metal sheet, same shape of the pipe, you can mark it before cutting. . Weld it at the bottom of your stove, same side of your opening.)
- Matelas low-tech + (Tendre la bache sur une table Placer plu … Tendre la bache sur une table Placer plusieurs couches de papier bulle* de façon à former un rectangle compact le papier bulle peut être remplacé par différentes matières comme des couvertures, cependant le papier bulle ne craint pas l'eau et est très léger Stretch the tarpaulin on a table Place several layers of bubble wrap * to form a compact rectangle bubble wrap can be replaced by different materials such as blankets, however bubble wrap is water resistant and very lightble wrap is water resistant and very light)
- Manual Pump (vertical) + (The aim of this step is to check the equip … The aim of this step is to check the equipment is in order without gluing the components together. Slot the components together as per the following diagram: You can even check if it is working or not. For best results: the areas circled in blue must be as short as possible.cled in blue must be as short as possible.)
- Improved Stove - Patsari Model + (The dimensions may be adapted.)
- Extinguisher + (The low-tech fire extinguisher is based on … The low-tech fire extinguisher is based on the reaction between baking soda and acetic acid vinegar. Water absorbs heat by evaporating; baking soda decomposes during an endothermic reaction (which absorbs heat) and creates water when exposed to a temperature exceeding 270 ° C; carbon dioxide is a heavy gas that "displaces" oxygen and "starves" the fire. A hole is drilled in the bottle. When you want to activate the fire extinguisher, pierce the bag containing baking soda. Vinegar, mixed with water, reacts with baking soda to form carbon dioxide, water and sodium acetate. By shaking the bottle, the reaction is accelerated: the carbon dioxide produced pressurizes the bottle, and a CO2-water mixture is ejected through the hole, which is pointed towards the fire. Water, carbon dioxide and soda extinguish the fire, and the foam created by the washing-up liquid prevents it from being re-ignited. liquid prevents it from being re-ignited.)
- Light bottle cutter + (The piece of wood used in this tutorial is 22 x 2 x 2 cm. You can use one a bit larger but you do not need to use a longer one.)
- Solar coffee roaster + (The roaster is made of 3 different parts : *The roaster itself, using a salvage cement mixer *The solar parabola, which concentrates solar energy into the roaster *A mechanical part, which makes the roaster turn)
- Semi-removable Mass Stove + (There are a number of items that are neede … There are a number of items that are needed to build this stove, which can either be bought from new or salvaged. * The drums are easy to obtain, apart from the 120 litre ones, which are rare... and it can cost 50€ (excluding taxes) to buy one of this size from new. * The stove pipes, which form the fire pit, are very easy to salvage and will be considerably more expensive if bought from new. NB 1: the 2 pipes that are used for the (fixed) ash tray and the (removable) feed pipe must have a male fitting at one of their ends to accommodate the stopper. NB 2: A rigorous approach must be adopted when producing the exhaust system, using pipes which are compatible with one another. It is important to avoid leaks (condensates as well as smoke) and also the risk of fire . * Concrete can be made up of sand and fire cement but this will not be as durable as using chamotte concrete/fire cement. Chamotte consists of ground-up fire brick and must contain 25 to 40% alumina. To contact manufacturers of fire bricks, see list in the annex.Grain size of 0 to 10 mm grade is ideal, but 0 to 5 mm can also be used. AVOID making concrete with ordinary cement or ‘black’ cement (unlike fire cement, it does not contain alumina) * Vermiculite: mixed with cement acts to insulate the bottom of the container. You can find this in builder's merchants and garden centres mostly under the names of “Vermex” or “Effiperl” (NB the latter also contains perlite and is a French brand) * Ceramic glass: this is specialist glass which does not expand when exposed to heat and is resistant to thermal shocks of up to 800°C ! You can buy it in the shops (for about €400 to €600 per m²) but you can also salvage it from old inserts, electric hobs, oven doors (inner glass only, otherwise it is likely to have little resistance to heat). Do not use ordinary glass ! To test salvaged glass, stand on a flat surface and put the glass onto a gas camping stove. If it resists the heat, then that is a good sign. The final thing to do for the ‘crash test’ is pour a glass of cold water over it. If there is no reaction, then it is specialist glass. Do not put it on the grass in case it breaks. In this image, you will find the average supply costs for the different models. Taking the drum and the smoke exhaust out of the equation, the pipework will be a major part of the budget.pework will be a major part of the budget.)
- Tawashi + (Use your pencil and ruler to draw a square 12cmx12cm. Put 20 nails every 2 cm. With your hammer, firmly plant the nails into the board onto each of the 20 dots.)
- Simple powerbank + ( * Weld the '''-''' of lithium-ion battery … * Weld the '''-''' of lithium-ion battery holder to '''+''' of the charge / discharge module. * Proceed in the same way for the '''-'''. * Insert the cell in the "lithium-ion battery holder", respecting the '+' and '-' polarity (at risk of explosion of the cell). * Test the charge and discharge of the cell via usb / mini USB cables: a color code of blue LED (charged) and red (discharged) on the load module allows to know the state of the cell. odule allows to know the state of the cell. )
- Manual pump (vertical) + (Without sticking the pieces together, the purpose of this step is to check the material. Nest the elements as shown in the following diagram: You can even test the operation. To optimize : areas surrounded in blue should be as short as possible.)
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