Cette page fournit une simple interface de navigation pour trouver des entités décrites par une propriété et une valeur nommée. D’autres interfaces de recherche disponibles comprennent la page recherche de propriété, et le constructeur de requêtes ask.
Liste de résultats
- Bait for Melipona bees + (• Hang up the wrapped up bottle, opened vertically under a tree (the neck of the bottle downwards) or horizontally under a roof ( sheltered from the rain). • You can use several of these baits to increase the chances of a colony forming.)
- Rainwater harvesting + (The pipe leading rain waters to the tank ( … The pipe leading rain waters to the tank (1) comes horizontally and splits in a T : * At first, the water preferentially goes into the 50 centimeters long vertical tube, connected to a 50 liter container (2) (You should adapt the volume based on the roof's surface area). This tube is drilled with holes, allowing the water to fall into the container (2). Inside this tube, there is a floating ball that rises while the water level in the container (2) increase. The ball rises until it is over the holes. The vertical tube is then blocked allowing the water to flow through the horizontal part of the T-shaped pipe. * This horizontal tube will drive the following clean water directly into the tank (1) of drinking water. The first 50 liters that washed the roof, collected in the container (2) can be used to water the garden.ainer (2) can be used to water the garden.)
- The how to of how to's + (''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, … ''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, SD cards, batteries, a tripod. Check before use the state of your tools : SD card with sufficient disk space, battery charged, etc. ''' 2 - Location of the movie''' Choose where does the action takes place, in order to have a good sound quality and good luminosity: - Indoor, beware of the lack of light and artificial lights, that will impact your video quality. Think of fridges, clocks as well, that could create parasite sounds. These will be disappointing for the spectator watching your video. - Outdoor, beware of backlighting and the lack of light. Concerning the sound, the wind is fatal. Protect your microphone and its exposure ! "In both cases:" - Be careful that no big light pits are in your field of view. - Avoid too big spaces, the backplane should rather be short. - Filming during the day is highly recommended. At night, you'll get granulas on your images. ''' 3 - Positionning of the camera''' In order to know where to place the camera, ask the actor what he's going to do at each step. It is therefore easy to place the camera without being annoyed with his hands. On the workbench should only be present the material used at the precise step. This permits not to be visually polluted. ''' 4 - Scenes''' "Dissect steps" : Film one scene per step, if possible. - Vary short and large scenes to air the video. - For explicative scenes (explanation of a step, of the context), prefer large scenes. - For active scenes (filming the action), prefer short scenes. - It is highly recommended to film two frames per action. - Head to foot framings are not recommended, prefer middle range frames or short frames. - When someone is speaking, do not "cut his head off" during framing. Let an empty space above him. - Avoid to place the person right in the center of the frame. Putting him on the side will bring dynamism to your scene. - Filming static scenes is highly recommended to avoir any shaking. - Put the camera on a tripod or on something static. ''' 5 - Focus''' For the focus, check whether the camera is on automatic or manual mode. - If it is on automatic, well check that the camera is focusing on the action and not on the person head. - If it is on manual, set the focus on the action before starting to film. ""Example"": "Here, I'm going to melt the white wire on the + pole...". We need here a close plane, we focus on the object to melt, and we check that our hands are not between the object and the camera when we film. ""Be careful"" : For tutos realized with smartphones, the difficulty is to realize static scenes. Put the phone on a stable, static place during the whole sequence. ''' 6 - Filming in order to edit the video''' - Don't tell yourself that mistakes can be rectified at video editing. - Avoid to film in black and white or vertically. - Launching the video recordings, let a dead time before action starts or discussion begins in order to facilitate video editing. - Make simple rushes for get an easy video edition. ''' 7 - Content''' The video content will tighly be linked to the written step by step. "Context video : (2 minutes)" - Present the low-tech and its economical, environmental, social or other interests. - Present an issue solved by the low-tech (problematic and solution) - Do not hesitate to start from a larger context to a local one, or even personal one. - It is important to choose with the speaker, what is going to be said. Le scene will be explicative, so prefer a large frame scene. - Add cut-scenes (action) for this part don't be only a monolog in front of the camera. Think as well to make action scenes "on the field", that will be in concordance with the context. "Fabrication video : (5-10 minutes)" Ask yourself which kind of video is preferable to realize. Notably when speaking of explanations : will they be voice-overed, lived, or subtitled ? - Beware of hands between the camera and the action. - Always keep in mind that everyone has to understand the action. For this, it can be interesting to explain : "I'm doing this action for this reason, with this material that I got at this place ..." - Do not forget to mention safety intructions. "Dissect the fabrication in several key-steps:" - The functioning: present the functioning principle of the low-tech - The material : materials and tools necessary for the fabrication - The fabrication : dissect every step, one scene for one action, and explain them precisely, speaking loud and articulating. - The use : scenes on its situation. - Advices : It is possible to finish the video giving some advices.e to finish the video giving some advices.)
- Cultivation of oyster mushrooms + ( *Open the sterilized bottles to inoculate … *Open the sterilized bottles to inoculate them with your mother spawn, rich in mycelium, delicate passage because it is necessary to be fast enough to limit the risks of contamination during the opening of the bottles. It is important to work in a sterile environment during this operation (clean hands, clean clothes, etc...). *Using tweezers previously sterilized in rubbing alcohol, place the ends of cardboard boxes covered with mycelium on the substrate of your bottles. *Close the bottles immediately and put them in your incubator at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. *Using tweezers previously sterilized in alcohol at 70°C, place the ends of cardboard boxes covered with mycelium on the substrate of your bottles. *Close the bottles immediately and put them in your incubator at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. )
- Objet en mycélium de champignon + (
*Mélanger votre substrat (la sciure de bo …
*Mélanger votre substrat (la sciure de bois ou la paille) avec 3% de [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_de_calcium carbonate de calcium] (de la craie ou coquilles concassées de crustacés) et de l'eau. Laisser le mélange pendant une journée pour que les [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endospore endospores pathogène] se développent et soient plus facile à éliminer par la suite.
*Recouvrir votre substrat d'eau bouillante afin de le stériliser.
*Laisser refroidir jusqu'à au minimum 30°C. Plus chaud, vous pourriez faire mourir votre souche de champignon.
*Ajouter vos cartons ensemencés au substrat. Veillez à bien les repartir dans l'ensemble de celui-ci
ents propres,etc...) pour éviter les risques de contamination</div> </div><br/> ) - Objet en mycélium de champignon + (
*Mélanger votre substrat (la sciure de bo …
*Mélanger votre substrat (la sciure de bois ou la paille) avec 3% de [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_de_calcium carbonate de calcium] (de la craie ou coquilles concassées de crustacés) et de l'eau. Laisser le mélange pendant une journée pour que les [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endospore endospores pathogène] se développent et soient plus facile à éliminer par la suite.
*Recouvrir votre substrat d'eau bouillante afin de le stériliser.
*Laisser refroidir jusqu'à au minimum 30°C. Plus chaud, vous pourriez faire mourir votre souche de champignon.
*Ajouter vos cartons ensemencés au substrat. Veillez à bien les repartir dans l'ensemble de celui-ci
ents propres,etc...) pour éviter les risques de contamination</div> </div><br/> ) - Culture de pleurotes + (Les champignons que nous avons l’intentio … Les champignons que nous avons l’intention de cultiver pour la consommation doivent être en mesure de coloniser le substrat avant d’autres champignons et bactéries. A cette fin, on stérilise le substrat et la bouteille auquel on viendra ajouter le mycélium cultivé préalablement (exempt de tout contaminant). Cette technique donne au champignon cultivé une longueur d’avance sur les autres.
* Mettre les copeaux de bois dans un contenant.
* Ajouter de l'eau jusqu'à recouvrir complétement les copeaux
* Ajouter environ 3% du poids des copeaux en [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_de_calcium carbonate de calcium] (de la craie ou coquilles concassées de crustacés). * Recouvrir le mélange et laisser le reposer pendant une journée pour que les [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endospore endospores pathogène] se développent et soient plus facile à éliminer par la suite. * Remplir les bouteilles de plastique avec votre substrat. Il doit avoir un taux d'humidité 60-65%. Percer les bouchons des bouteilles et mettre un bouchon de coton au niveau du goulot, ce qui permet les échanges gazeux tout en évitant aux germes indésirables de rentrer. Refermer avec les bouchons troués. '''Remarque''' : Pour connaitre le bon taux d'humidité, presser une boulette de sciure, il faut que quelques gouttelettes coulent et non un filet d'eau. * Stériliser les bouteilles contenant le substrat. Ici nous les avons laisser dans un four solaire pendant une journée. Il est également possible d'utiliser un micro-onde. Laisser les refroidir. les refroidir. <span></span> <span></span> <span></span>) - Solar Generator Trailer- Electrical System + ('''The cheapest and cleanest energy is tha … '''The cheapest and cleanest energy is that which we do not produce/consume !''' In line with this principle, this approach[https://negawatt.org/sobriete-efficacite négaWatt] proposes to rethink our vision of energy by applying a three step approach: [https://negawatt.org/sobriete-efficacite Sobriety, Efficiency, then renewable energy]. Before sizing a photovoltaic electrical installation, it is necessary to consider several questions: *What are my needs? *Which are essential and incompressible? *Is electricity the most efficient way to meet all these needs? Detail on these questions applied to the case of our Festival is available in the "Files" tab located above. To materialize the electricity consumption of everyday equipment and possibly be able to eventually prioritize, the open-source game [http://la-revolt.org/ REVOLT] translates these consumptions in pedaling time.lates these consumptions in pedaling time.)
- Wind turbine + ('''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the moto … '''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the motor 2 - Motor axis 3 - Preparing the rotor blades 4 - Aileron and base for rotor blades 5 - Assembly '''Electric circuit''' 1 - Rectifiers 2 - Capacitors 3 - tension stabilizer 4 - Connecting the USB port Motor protection Connecting the USB port Motor protection)
- Dry Toilets For Family + ( * Cut a wood rectangle of 4,8*14,6 in and 1,2 thick * Sand and deburr if required Notes : This pillar helps to get back when a user sit. )
- Spirulina-growing pond + (For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust … For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust the height of the basin to the worker's size. The basin is 30 centimeters high. In our case the bottom of the basin is one meter above the ground. When calculating the height of the legs, the thickness of the low and high frames must also be taken into account. * Make 4 legs with half-rafters, * Place the corner legs aligned with the corners of the bottom frame, * Install four central legs, of a single half-rafter, facing each stiffener of the low frame, * Place a bracket about 30 cm between each center leg and its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.)
- Pasteurisation of Fruit and Vegetables + ( * Peel and wash the fruit and vegetables … * Peel and wash the fruit and vegetables to be pasteurised thoroughly * Whether from a recipe of your choice (like ratatouille, compote, puréed fruit or veg, fruit in syrup etc...) or cut into pieces in water, place the fruit or veg in a saucepan over heat. * Heat until brought to a simmer over heat. * Heat until brought to a simmer )
- Spirulina farming + ( * Screw a white plastic cap at the end of a ruler or a plastic or wooden rod of about 20 centimeters, * Scale the stem from 0 to about ten centimeters, with the 0 at the level of the cap. )
- Déodorant maison + ( *'''Bicarbonate de sodium''' de qualité a … *'''Bicarbonate de sodium''' de qualité alimentaire : Utilisé ici pour son action désodorisante, il peut-être utilisé pour une multitude d'emplois (produit d'entretien, désodorisant, anti brûlures d'estomac, blanchissement des dents...) . Fabriqué à partir de calcaire et de sel. Peut provoquer des irritations chez certaines personnes. Peut être remplacé dans de l'argile blanche dans ce cas. Compter ~3-4 euros/kg *'''Vinaigre de cidre ou vinaigre blanc''' : utilisés comme désodorisant. Possède la capacité de supprimer les odeurs existantes et de réduire la force des bactéries produisant les mauvaises odeurs. *'''Fécule de maïs''' ou l’'''arrow-root''' (= fécule de rhizome de la maranta) : sont deux absorbants naturels. Ils serviront également à lier le produit. *'''Huile de coco :''' Utilisé ici pour ses propriétés hydratantes et antibactériennes. * '''Huile essentielle de Tea Tree''' : utilisées pour ses propriétés antibactériennes et sa forte odeur pour retarder puis masquer les "mauvaises odeurs" de sudation. *'''Huile essentielle de Palmarosa''' : À favoriser pour ses propriétés antibactérienne et antifongique. *'''Cire d'abeille''' : Utilisé à la fois pour ses propriétés [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophobe hydrophobes] et antibactériennes, sa haute température de fusion (63°C) permet au déodorant de rester solide en toute circonstance. ophobe hydrophobes] et antibactériennes, sa haute température de fusion (63°C) permet au déodorant de rester solide en toute circonstance. )
- Dentifrice maison + ( *'''Huile de coco :''' Utilisé ici pour s … *'''Huile de coco :''' Utilisé ici pour ses propriétés hydratantes et antibactériennes. *'''Bicarbonate de sodium''' de qualité alimentaire : Utilisé ici pour son action blanchissante, abrasive. Il peut être utilisé pour une multitude d'emploi (produit d'entretien, désodorisant, anti brûlures d'estomac, blanchissement des dents...). Fabriqué à partir de calcaire et de sel. Peut provoquer des irritations chez certaines personnes. Peut être dissout ou remplacé dans de l'argile blanche dans ce cas. Compter ~3-4 euros/kg *'''Huiles essentielles''' (Tea Tree, citron, menthe poivrée...) pour leur pouvoir antibactérien et rafraîchissant. Utilisez-les néanmoins avec parcimonie, car leur fabrication [https://www.jedeviensecolo.fr/huiles-essentielles-le-faux-ami-ecolo/ consomme énormément de ressources naturelles.] *'''Argile blanche Kaolin :''' très utilisée dans les produits bucco-dentaires et notamment pour son pouvoir abrasif qui va permettre d'éliminer les bactéries. Elle va ainsi nettoyer les dents tout en apportant une action blancheur. L'argile blanche kaolin est reconnue en soin de la bouche, notamment pour ces vertus assainissantes. Elle va ainsi permettre de réduire les inflammations et soulager les gencives sensibles. Environ 10 euros/kg va ainsi permettre de réduire les inflammations et soulager les gencives sensibles. Environ 10 euros/kg )
- Lacto-Fermented Preserves + (Le Kimchi est une recette coréenne traditi … Le Kimchi est une recette coréenne traditionnelle. Elle est basée sur la lactofermentation du choux et d'épices. * 2 kg de chou chinois * 2 poireaux * 1/2 navet long * 3 gousses d’ail hachées * 2 cuillerées à café de gingembre frais râpé fin * 1 ou 2 cuillerée à café de sauce de poisson (optionnel) * 1 cuillerée à soupe de piment rouge haché * 1 cuillerée à soupe de sésame grillé * 1 cuillère à soupe de sucre * 100 à 160g de gros sel # Coupez le chou en lamelles dans le sens de la longueur et mettez-le dans un saladier rempli d’eau tiède salée. Saupoudrez le chou de gros sel (à mettre entre chaque feuille). Laissez reposer et dégorger pendant une nuit. # Le lendemain, rincez les lamelles de chou à l’eau et égouttez-les. Dans un autre saladier: Coupez le navet et les poireaux en fines lamelles d’environ 5 cm # Mélangez les ingrédients pour faire la pâte d’épices : gingembre,piment rouge, ail,sucre et sauce de poisson. Il faut tout éplucher ou râper afin de faire la pâte. Étalez cette pâte entre les feuilles de chou. Déposez les morceaux de chou dans un grand récipient. Saupoudrez avec un peu de sésame grillé. # Placez un couvercle ou une assiette sur le récipient, ou fermez-le hermétiquement. Il faut maintenant attendre 4 à 5 jours pour que le kimchi fermente. Il est à consommer dans les jours suivants l'ouverture du pot et peut se conserver environ trois semaines au frigo.conserver environ trois semaines au frigo.)
- Collective laundry practice + (<u>The individual reflection:</u& … The individual reflection: Take a pen and a paper, and try to answer to these questions. The goal is to define the habits and needs of each laundry practice. ''1. How often do you do the laundry?'' ''2. Do you sort your clothes?'' ''3. If yes, how?'' ''4. Which machine programs do you use?'' ''5. What do you like about your practice?'' ''6. What would you change in your practice? ''our practice?'' ''6. What would you change in your practice? '')
- Fermented drinks - Homemade sodas + (For 1 l of ginger ale : *1 l of non chlor … For 1 l of ginger ale : *1 l of non chlorinated water *50 gr of sugar *50 gr of fresh peeled and thinly chopped ginger *5 cl of lemon juice *5 cl of ginger bug (filtered liquid only) This dosage of ginger is indicative and results in a slightly spicy beverage. The lemon juice only adds flavour and takes no part in the fermentation process. #Fill a pot with water, ginger and lemon juice and sugar. Bring to boil until the sugar is dissolved. #Remove from heat and decant in a 1.5 l jar. Let cool at room temperature. #Add the ginger bug (don't forget to put back as much water as you took in the ginger bug, with a pinch of sugar). #Close hermetically and let ferment for 2-5 depending on the room temperature. #Filter and put in a bottle (a glass bottle with joint and metal lid or a plastic soda bottle). #Use within 2-3 days if kept at room temperature or under 2 weeks if kept in the fridge.re or under 2 weeks if kept in the fridge.)
- Domestic biodigestor + (The entry of the system will be the biodig … The entry of the system will be the biodigestor mouth. The installation will first be done to verify dimensions of the system, and then will be dissasembled and definitively glued. * Put a PVC pipe in one of the digestor openings, without putting it too much inside (this would reduce matter circulation). * Create a 90° angle using two 45° bends. On small diameter tubes, it is better to have smooth angles, as a direct 90° angle would get stuck more easily. * Build the "mouth" with large diameter pipes. The larger the mouth is, the easier it will be to feed the digestor. A first fermentation process happens in the mouth. An unscrewable lid closes the mouth. * Link the mouth to the digestor, placing it higher than the digestor, so that matter can circulate in the system with gravity. can circulate in the system with gravity.)
- Solar water heater + (Refrigerators are numerous in waste collec … Refrigerators are numerous in waste collection centres, it is necessary to identify those which have the adequate grids (see Preface - Grid) and of the largest possible dimension. Pinching the pipes at the outlet of the compressor will limit the exhaust of refrigerant gases. Cut the pipes as close as possible to the compressor to ensure maximum length with the grid. Unscrew the grid. Wash the grid with soapy water. Blow a blower into the pipes to remove impurities. Seal the pipes with tape to prevent impurities from getting into them, as they may have a small diameter and become obstructed.ve a small diameter and become obstructed.)
- Douche solaire à partir de 2 radiateurs + (- Poncer avec un outil rotatif les radiateurs pour enlever la rouille. - Nettoyer l'intérieur des deux radiateurs avec du vinaigre et de l'eau chaude - Peindre avec une bombe noir ou avec de la peinture noir mate antirouille)
- Plastic bottle cutter + (Drill two holes in the board. In these two … Drill two holes in the board. In these two holes are bolted bolts, around which are inserted washers. A cutter blade is disposed between the washers. With this device, we can cut plastic bottles to transform them into yarn of adjustable thickness (the thickness of the yarn is modified with the height of the cutter blade). On the system used here, the dimensions are slightly different. The manufacturing remains exactly the same, but the dimensions given in this tutorial are optimized compared to those shown in the photos.zed compared to those shown in the photos.)
- Worm Compost Bins + (Drill with drill bit to make the hole for the valve tap and fit the stainless ball or butterfly valvetap (1/2” inch or 3/4” inch) with hydraulic fittings. The tap should be approximately 5-10cm from the bottom of the barrel.)
- Thrifty and stand-alone water point + (Gather 3 transversal battens from the wooden box (1 short / 2 long) et use them to make a T-shaped lever (around 25cm - 10 inch long). Attach those 3 pieces with some glue.)
- Poêle bouilleur + (La première étape pour réaliser le poêle b … La première étape pour réaliser le poêle bouilleur est de récupérer tout le matériel dont nous avons besoin. Pour la récupération des barils de 208 L vous pouvez les récupérer dans des entreprises du coin (par exemple chez un garagiste) en ayant de la chance qu’il soit déjà vide. Pour le cumulus, vous pouvez le récupérer dans des endroits où ils donnent du matériel comme par exemple dans une recyclerie, où le matériel a déjà été utilisé. Pour obtenir un système de sécurité, il va falloir mettre de l’argent. En effet, on veut que notre système soit le plus fiable possible, et pour cela il faudra mettre un peu d’argent. Pour notre réalisation, nous avons décidé de prendre un groupe de sécurité. Un tuyau sera nécessaire pour faire évacuer la fumée. On utilisera le même type de tuyau que ceux des poêles à bois pour évacuer la fumée.x des poêles à bois pour évacuer la fumée.)
- Point d'accès et portail captif sur une Raspberry Pi: Transmission d'informations dans un réseau fermé + (La Raspberry Pi utilise une carte SD comme … La Raspberry Pi utilise une carte SD comme disque dur. Nous allons installer le système d'exploitation dessus, et nous allons choisir Raspberry Pi OS (anciennement Raspbian), optimisée pour la Raspberry Pi et adaptée à la majorité des utilisations.
*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/ Installer Raspberry-Pi Imager] sur l'ordinateur portable dans la version correspondant à votre système d'exploitation (Windows, Mac, Ubuntu). *Une fois le logiciel téléchargé, brancher la carte SD à l'ordinateur (vous allez peut être avoir besoin d'un lecteur de carte SD *Ouvrir Raspberry-Pi Imager *Dans le menu "CHOISIR L'OS", choisir le premier choix soit : "RaspberryPI OS (32-bit), (Recommended)" *Dans le menu "CHOISIR LE STOCKAGE" choisir le stockage correspondant à la carte SD *Cliquer sur "ECRIRE" *Lorsque le processus est fini, débrancher la carte SD de l'ordinateur et passez à la prochaine étape! ttps://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/getting-started.html</div> </div>) - Appât pour abeilles Melipona + (Si une colonie se forme : * Noter la date … Si une colonie se forme : * Noter la date * Attendre 1 mois de plus. Après ce mois d’attente : * Ouvrir soigneusement la bouteille en enlevant le scotch et disposer avec précaution la colonie dans une ruche. Attention aux piqûres s’il ne s’agit pas d’abeilles Melipona.es s’il ne s’agit pas d’abeilles Melipona.)
- Bio-Coal + (Provide us with you remarks, ideas, experiences [http://lowtechlab.wikifab.org/index.php/Discussion:Bio_Charbon '''here'''] to help us improve this lowtech!)
- Black Soldier Fly breeding + (The breeding environment can be made with … The breeding environment can be made with various materials. For the prototype of the boat for example, we built a wooden box in which we put a plastic bin containing the waste and larvae (See photo). For example, you can use a plastic drum cut on top, or a simple plastic box. '''For the construction:''' '''1. Preparation of the boards''' *Using an electric or hand saw, cut the 6 boards to the right lengths *Sand the boards *Apply an undercoat on all sides of the boards and allow to dry *Apply a coat of wood paint and let it dry *Apply a coat of varnish (optional) and let it dry '''2. Assembly of the box''' *Using the angles and screws, assemble the boards on the bottom of the box *Using angles and screws, connect the different sides of the box *Cut out cleats to strengthen the inside of the box and attach the lid to it. *Using screws, fix the cleats on the upper part of the walls *Prepare the cover by installing hinges. *Install the cover on the box and fix the hinges '''3. Preparation of the waste box''' If the sides of your waste bin are not very high, it may be useful to put an additional barrier against larvae escape *Pass an old used inner tube all around your tray and leave a part coming out towards the inside *Staple the inner tube to the tray *Place the tray at the bottom of the box and stick it against one side '''4. Preparation of the slope''' *Cut the board in the shape of a trapezoid so that it forms a ramp when placed on the waste and joins the edge of the box at an angle of less than 45 degrees *Cut cleats to fit the external shapes of the ramp *Secure them with screws on the ramp '''5. Installation of the ramp ''' To facilitate maintenance, we put the ramp on a hinge to be able to lift it up and easily remove the bin from the waste *Install a hinge on the lower part of the ramp *Attach the hinge to the box '''6. Cutting of the holes on the box''' In order to allow the entry of flies and the exit of larvae, holes must be drilled on the sides of the box. For larvaes: *Measure the location where the ramp arrives and count 2cm high for the opening *Using a drill, make holes at the 4 ends of your opening *Using a saw, connect these holes to create an opening For the flies *On the sides of the box, drill with a hole saw about ten openings of 5cm in diameter '''7. Placing of the larvae collection box''' *Using screws, fix the plastic box under the larvae exit slot '''8. Laying supports (if no separate aviary)''' *Cut out pieces of cardboard boxes that are 10cm by 5cm thick. *Assemble 4 pieces with string *Attach two screws to the cleats at both ends of the box *Hang a string on these screws *Hang the egg-laying supports on the string so that they are as close as possible to the waste '''The general recommendations for the design of the living environment are :''' - Size your waste bin according to your weekly volume. Indeed, it is not necessary to have a too thick layer of substrate so it is better to be able to spread out your waste rather than stack it. - Drill holes so that female flies can come and lay eggs inside. - Place the egg-laying supports above the waste, as close as possible. These can be made of honeycomb cardboard or wooden planks separated by a pin (a gap must be left in which the flies will lay their eggs). During hatching, the larvae will fall directly into the waste. - Have a well sealed waste box to prevent larvae from escaping in case of lack of food. - Put a ramp for the exit of the larvae. It can be inclined up to 45 degrees but prefer a softer slope. As larvae tend to follow the edges of the box to find the exit, it may be good if the ramp is the full width of the box. - Avoid the ventilation holes on top to protect the substrate as much as possible from rain. On the pictures, you can see the plans of the system we had validated and that works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below. works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below.)
- Garde-Manger: Pantry Storage + (The first step in using a food-storage sys … The first step in using a food-storage system, such as the one proposed here, is for the user to question the ways in which they buy and consume. Given that food storage modules that we're going to propose below are mainly designed for raw and fresh foods, it would be complicated for the user feeding themselves with ready-made meals to benefit from the technical suggestions provided, for example. The "Zero Waste" approach, originating from Franco-American Béa Johnson, is an excellent method to put into practice. It enables, at the same time, a significant reduction of waste produced globally (packaging, plastic, etc). [https://www.zerowastefrance.org/ Zero Waste France] is a very good resource for complementary information on helping consumers take action.ormation on helping consumers take action.)
- Coco soap + (The first step is to extract the coconut o … The first step is to extract the coconut oil from ripe coconut (brown nuts). Here is the procedure: * Open the coconut * Scrape the pulp with a scraper if you do not have a mixer-blender. If you own a blender you can detach the pulp from the shell roughly and mix everything. * Put the resulting coconut crumbs in a container, cover with hot water and mix well. If you use a blender you can directly cover with hot water and mix. * Place a clean towel over a second container and filter the resulting coconut milk. press the cloth tightly to obtain as much filtrate as possible. * Place the coconut milk obtained in a plastic bottle and allow to settle until two distinct phases are obtained. We find the coconut cream above and the water below. Drill a small hole in the bottom of the bottle to let the water escape and plug the hole to keep the cream. * Pour the cream into a pan and cook over medium heat, stirring. Burnished cream and translucent oil is extracted. This step can take several tens of minutes. * Filter the extracted coconut oil.nutes. * Filter the extracted coconut oil.)
- Biodiesel + (Before it can be converted, the used oil m … Before it can be converted, the used oil must be filtered first in order to remove any possible food residues (fries, doughnuts...). We recommend you let the oil settle for a few days. An initial filtration must be carried out to get rid of the biggest particles (e.g.: with a double cotton sheet or a sock...). Then pour the oil into a 5µm maximum filter bag (the finer the better) above the clean canister, prepared beforehand.e the clean canister, prepared beforehand.)
- Solar water heater + (The creation of the chamber is very easy : … The creation of the chamber is very easy : cut the bottom of the bottle in a way that you could slot them together (picture). The more complicated step is to slot at the base of your pile two bottle in the opposite direction, in a way that the edge of the chamber are neck. /!\ Wait before sealing with the adhesive tape !it before sealing with the adhesive tape !)
- Solar lamp with reused lithium cells + (This tutorial shows how to recover compute … This tutorial shows how to recover computer cells to make a new battery. Powered by a solar panel, or by a USB port, it will allow you to light an LED lamp. The system works around three modules: * the energy reception module: the solar panel and its charge controller * the energy storage module: the battery * the module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator '''Energy Receiving Module: Photovoltaic Panel & Charge Controller''' The photovoltaic panel concentrates the energy of the sun. It allows to recover its energy in order to store it in the battery. But be careful, the amount of energy received by the panel is irregular depending on the time of day, the weather... it is important to install a charge/discharge regulator between the panel and the battery. This will be protected against overload, among other things. '''Energy storage module: the battery''' It is composed of two lithium cells recovered from a computer. To put it in a nutshell, a battery is a bit like a box containing several batteries: each of them is a cell, a unit that supplies power to the device by electrochemical reaction. The cells found in computers are lithium cells. They all have the same capacity to store energy, but their ability to make it is different for each. To form a battery from cells it is important that they all have the same ability to deliver energy. It is therefore necessary to measure the capacity of each cell to compose homogeneous batteries. '''Module that renders the energy: the LED lamp, the 5V USB port and its voltage converter''' Our battery supplies us with 3.7V power and the LED lamps we used operate at the same voltage. In addition, the USB ports provide a voltage of 5V. We therefore need to transform the cell energy from 3.7V to 5V: using a voltage converter called DC/DC booster3.7V to 5V: using a voltage converter called DC/DC booster)
- Bait for Melipona bees + (To make a big amount of mixture • Mix 100ml of 90° alcohol and 300g of Bee propolis in the first bottle. • Leave to macerate in the shade for 7 days.)
- Parabolic solar cooker + (Use a rolling table, with a rectangular sheet that needs to be fixed with a drill and screws on the stand to place the tube that will support the parabolic dish later.)
- Tawashi + (Use your pencil and ruler to draw a square 12cmx12cm. Put 20 nails every 2 cm. With your hammer, firmly plant the nails into the board onto each of the 20 dots.)
- VMC double flux + (Voici de quoi ce compose ma VMC : *un éch … Voici de quoi ce compose ma VMC : *un échangeur air/air à flux croisés *deux caissons de filtration **un pour filtrer l'air vicié extrait des pièces humides qui fait également office de plénum (il collecte l'air de ma cuisine et de ma salle de bain) **un pour filtrer l'air frais qui vient de dehors *deux caissons de ventilation **un pour l'insufflation de l'air frais **un pour l'extraction de l'air vicié *un plénum/collecteur pour répartir l'air insufflé entre mes pièces de vie (salon et chambre) *un système d'évacuation des condensats branché sur l'échangeur en direction de l'évacuation des eaux usées *un contrôleur électronique (Arduino) *deux réseaux de gaine (un pour l'extraction et un autre pour l'insufflation) *un système de bypass de l'air insufflén) *un système de bypass de l'air insufflé)
- Phyto-Purification of Wastewater + ( * Install a manhole at the top of the fil … * Install a manhole at the top of the filter as an inlet for the polluted wastewater. * Inside the manhole, install a 3-way valve to distribute the water between the two beds. * Install a manhole at the bottom of the filter that collects the drained water. the filter that collects the drained water. )
- Domestic mealworm farming + ('' 'Beginning of breeding' '' Upon receip … '' 'Beginning of breeding' '' Upon receipt of the mealworms, they can be placed in a plastic container with the flour and carrots. '''Food''' Insects are used to a dry environment, their food should be checked weekly. If you want to consume the insects, you will have to give them human food (no peeling). Worms eat flour and vegetables (they are crazy about carrots). '' 'The Mealworm Cycle' '' The worm will mutate into an adult, the adults will lay eggs, and the cycle begins again! Before its transformation, the worm stores as much protein as possible. '' 'Appearance of adults' '' Once the first adults are present, keep in mind that there will be small eggs in the tray with adults. It is necessary to have 3 bins: - 1 tray containing nymphs, adults, adult eggs and cardboard - 1 tray containing the larvae, adults can stay a maximum of 1 week in this tray (to avoid having eggs in this tray) - 1 empty bin for transfers maintenance The maintenance of the bins is carried out with each sorting of insects. The flour trays can be changed every month. The flour in the adult container should be stored for 4 weeks, in order to collect the larvae from the eggs.order to collect the larvae from the eggs.)
- Déodorant maison + ( *'''Bicarbonate de sodium''' de qualité a … *'''Bicarbonate de sodium''' de qualité alimentaire : Utilisé ici pour son action désodorisante, il peut-être utilisé pour une multitude d'emplois (produit d'entretien, désodorisant, anti brûlures d'estomac, blanchissement des dents...) . Fabriqué à partir de calcaire et de sel. Peut provoquer des irritations chez certaines personnes. Peut être remplacé dans de l'argile blanche dans ce cas. Compter ~3-4 euros/kg *'''Vinaigre de cidre ou vinaigre blanc''' : utilisés comme désodorisant. Possède la capacité de supprimer les odeurs existantes et de réduire la force des bactéries produisant les mauvaises odeurs. *'''Fécule de maïs''' ou l’'''arrow-root''' (= fécule de rhizome de la maranta) : sont deux absorbants naturels. Ils serviront également à lier le produit. *'''Huile de coco :''' Utilisé ici pour ses propriétés hydratantes et antibactériennes. * '''Huile essentielle de Tea Tree''' : utilisées pour ses propriétés antibactériennes et sa forte odeur pour retarder puis masquer les "mauvaises odeurs" de sudation. *'''Huile essentielle de Palmarosa''' : À favoriser pour ses propriétés antibactérienne et antifongique. *'''Cire d'abeille''' : Utilisé à la fois pour ses propriétés [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophobe hydrophobes] et antibactériennes, sa haute température de fusion (63°C) permet au déodorant de rester solide en toute circonstance. ophobe hydrophobes] et antibactériennes, sa haute température de fusion (63°C) permet au déodorant de rester solide en toute circonstance. )
- 200W Wind Turbine + ( * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95m … * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95mm x 35mm '''Notes''': 1) The wood should be imputrescible, light-weighted and easy to work with. For example, red cedar, Oregon pine, spruce, larch, douglas fir may be suitable. 2) For this tutorial, the section of the red cedar plank is 150mm x 45mm. 3) The parameter which determines the energy transmitted by the wind at the propeller is the length of the blade and not it’s breadth. *With the help of the blade pattern, '''lower side visible''', mark the location for the first blade. '''Notes''': 1) Put the knots and defects of the wood at the end of the blade, so that the thinnest part does not become fragile (middle-end of the blade). 2) Select the leading edge ridge as neatly as possible. This ridge will not be altered during the cutting of the blade. 3) Extend the blade tip pattern by 4-5 cm to maintain a margin in case of damage. * Do the same for the 2 other blades and cut the blades. '''Note''': When using a circular saw for cutting, be careful to place the width of the blade always on the outside of the line. * Rectify the left of the blades if necessary with the help of a plane. * Fix the 3 blades together with the help of the clamps and equalize all the irregular planes. All the 3 blades needs to be strictly identical. * Mark the position of the leading edge ridge for it to stay where it is. It will be its landmark. stay where it is. It will be its landmark. )
- Biofilter + ('''1)''' Connect the pump to the hose. '' … '''1)''' Connect the pump to the hose. '''2)''' Place it right at the back of the second 60L container. '''3)''' Pour 15 to 20L of water into the container. '''Caution: '''In order to retain the cascading effect from the biofilter, the liquid in the container should not exceed the 40L level. To avoid damage to the pump through turning it on without water, do not fill under the 10L level.ut water, do not fill under the 10L level.)
- Solar air heater + (Detailed plans and CAO have been realised … Detailed plans and CAO have been realised by [https://www.enerlog.fr/ Enerlog]. They are available in open-source here : https://cloud.ecutsa.fr/index.php/s/apRoi395xdQb52T#pdfviewer Those plans have been used for the first version built during a workshop. They are shared here in order to respond to one of the objective of Enerlog: to support the reappropriation of the knowledge by the citizens by sharing knowledge and promote its transmission.ng knowledge and promote its transmission.)
- Worm Compost Bins + (Drill with drill bit to make the hole for the valve tap and fit the stainless ball or butterfly valvetap (1/2” inch or 3/4” inch) with hydraulic fittings. The tap should be approximately 5-10cm from the bottom of the barrel.)
- Aliments fermentés - fermentations asiatiques de céréales, légumineuses et variations + (Il n'est pas nécessaire de travailler dans … Il n'est pas nécessaire de travailler dans un champ stérile lorsqu'il s'agit de fermentation mais il est crucial d'être le plus propre possible. Travaillez sur un plan de travail nettoyé (si besoin/possible aseptisé au vinaigre blanc ou à l'alcool). Utilisez des ustensiles et récipients propres, lavés à l'eau chaude (ou passés au lave-vaisselle), manipulez avec des mains propres et essuyez-les avec un torchon PROPRE... bien entendu. Ici il est question d'inoculer des ferments, souvent des champignons, spécifiques afin de ne développer qu'eux sur le produit. Il est donc nécessaire de faire particulièrement attention pour éviter que d'autres microorganismes présents dans l'air, nos mains, les tissus ou autres viennent coloniser la nourriture.u autres viennent coloniser la nourriture.)
- Solar desalinator + (For this model, the chosen floor area is 1 … For this model, the chosen floor area is 110 cm horizontal by 66 cm vertical. The wooden battens used have a section of 44 mm by 22 mm. The thickness of the frame is 44 mm. The frame is assembled with screws. At about 10 centimeters from the bottom of the frame, a cleat is added, as can be seen in the picture. It makes it possible to stiffen the frame, to stretch the sheet and to separate the freshwater and seawater parts (no risk of salt contamination).ter parts (no risk of salt contamination).)
- Energy use in households + (In France, buildings account for 45% of th … In France, buildings account for 45% of the total energy consumed, followed by transportation (33%), industry (19%), and agriculture (3%). Two-thirds of the energy consumption in this category comes from housing and one-third from service sector buildings. Within the home, in 2013, 67% of consumed energy went toward heating the home, 10.4% toward heating water, and 6% toward cooking. The remaining 16.6% was used for lighting, household appliances, office equipment, and hi-fi, all of which is grouped under the term “specific energy”. The 16,000 kWh consumed by each household costs just over €1,700 per year. In France, residential heating accounts for a larger portion of the total energy consumed (20.1%) than does industry (19%).consumed (20.1%) than does industry (19%).)
- Dentifrice maison + ( *'''Huile de coco :''' Utilisé ici pour s … *'''Huile de coco :''' Utilisé ici pour ses propriétés hydratantes et antibactériennes. *'''Bicarbonate de sodium''' de qualité alimentaire : Utilisé ici pour son action blanchissante, abrasive. Il peut être utilisé pour une multitude d'emploi (produit d'entretien, désodorisant, anti brûlures d'estomac, blanchissement des dents...). Fabriqué à partir de calcaire et de sel. Peut provoquer des irritations chez certaines personnes. Peut être dissout ou remplacé dans de l'argile blanche dans ce cas. Compter ~3-4 euros/kg *'''Huiles essentielles''' (Tea Tree, citron, menthe poivrée...) pour leur pouvoir antibactérien et rafraîchissant. Utilisez-les néanmoins avec parcimonie, car leur fabrication [https://www.jedeviensecolo.fr/huiles-essentielles-le-faux-ami-ecolo/ consomme énormément de ressources naturelles.] *'''Argile blanche Kaolin :''' très utilisée dans les produits bucco-dentaires et notamment pour son pouvoir abrasif qui va permettre d'éliminer les bactéries. Elle va ainsi nettoyer les dents tout en apportant une action blancheur. L'argile blanche kaolin est reconnue en soin de la bouche, notamment pour ces vertus assainissantes. Elle va ainsi permettre de réduire les inflammations et soulager les gencives sensibles. Environ 10 euros/kg va ainsi permettre de réduire les inflammations et soulager les gencives sensibles. Environ 10 euros/kg )
- Desert fridge - light version + (Making (or finding) a cylindrical bag allowing the introduction of the container surrounded by 5 centimetres of sand under it and around it. Providing a slide and enough fabric height to be able to close the bag around the container.)
- A wood-saving oven + (Place the 10 cm diameter pipe between the hole left in the arch and the roof, so it's tight)
- Deodorante per la casa + (Prendre un petit format de vaporisateur pe … Prendre un petit format de vaporisateur permet de garder à portée de main toute la journée le déodorant en cas de besoins. * Verser dans un flacon 50% d'eau et 50% de vinaigre de cidre * OU verser 25% de vinaigre blanc et 75% de volume en eau * ajouter en option 4-8 gouttes d'huile essentielle de tea tree ou palmarosa (ou autre suivant vos préférences). Pour parfumer vous pouvez remplacer l'eau par de l'hydrolat. Attention, la présence d'acide et d'alcool du vinaigre peut irriter après rasage ou épilation. Conservation plusieures semaines/mois sans besoin de frigo.ieures semaines/mois sans besoin de frigo.)
- Culture de pleurotes + (Les champignons que nous avons l’intentio … Les champignons que nous avons l’intention de cultiver pour la consommation doivent être en mesure de coloniser le substrat avant d’autres champignons et bactéries. A cette fin, on stérilise le substrat et la bouteille auquel on viendra ajouter le mycélium cultivé préalablement (exempt de tout contaminant). Cette technique donne au champignon cultivé une longueur d’avance sur les autres.
* Mettre les copeaux de bois dans un contenant.
* Ajouter de l'eau jusqu'à recouvrir complétement les copeaux
* Ajouter environ 3% du poids des copeaux en [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_de_calcium carbonate de calcium] (de la craie ou coquilles concassées de crustacés). * Recouvrir le mélange et laisser le reposer pendant une journée pour que les [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endospore endospores pathogène] se développent et soient plus facile à éliminer par la suite. * Remplir les bouteilles de plastique avec votre substrat. Il doit avoir un taux d'humidité 60-65%. Percer les bouchons des bouteilles et mettre un bouchon de coton au niveau du goulot, ce qui permet les échanges gazeux tout en évitant aux germes indésirables de rentrer. Refermer avec les bouchons troués. '''Remarque''' : Pour connaitre le bon taux d'humidité, presser une boulette de sciure, il faut que quelques gouttelettes coulent et non un filet d'eau. * Stériliser les bouteilles contenant le substrat. Ici nous les avons laisser dans un four solaire pendant une journée. Il est également possible d'utiliser un micro-onde. Laisser les refroidir. les refroidir. <span></span> <span></span> <span></span>) - Enhanced cooker + (The enhanced cookers are made using the fo … The enhanced cookers are made using the following mixture: - For 1 barrow of clay: - 3 handfuls of straw - 1kg of salt (for thermal storage) - ½ handful of pig hair - 5L (a half-bucket) of donkey's dung previsouly fermented for 5 days in plastic. - Add water until obtaining a wet mixture but which is not liquid (like a dough, not too wet, not too dry)d (like a dough, not too wet, not too dry))
- Extinguisher + (The low-tech fire extinguisher is based on … The low-tech fire extinguisher is based on the reaction between baking soda and acetic acid vinegar. Water absorbs heat by evaporating; baking soda decomposes during an endothermic reaction (which absorbs heat) and creates water when exposed to a temperature exceeding 270 ° C; carbon dioxide is a heavy gas that "displaces" oxygen and "starves" the fire. A hole is drilled in the bottle. When you want to activate the fire extinguisher, pierce the bag containing baking soda. Vinegar, mixed with water, reacts with baking soda to form carbon dioxide, water and sodium acetate. By shaking the bottle, the reaction is accelerated: the carbon dioxide produced pressurizes the bottle, and a CO2-water mixture is ejected through the hole, which is pointed towards the fire. Water, carbon dioxide and soda extinguish the fire, and the foam created by the washing-up liquid prevents it from being re-ignited. liquid prevents it from being re-ignited.)
- Light bottle cutter + (The piece of wood used in this tutorial is 22 x 2 x 2 cm. You can use one a bit larger but you do not need to use a longer one.)
- Solar coffee roaster + (The roaster is made of 3 different parts : *The roaster itself, using a salvage cement mixer *The solar parabola, which concentrates solar energy into the roaster *A mechanical part, which makes the roaster turn)
- Buried Aymarian Greenhouse + (The Wallipini greenhouse is half-buried in … The Wallipini greenhouse is half-buried in the ground and is built like a house with: * walls made of Adobe (mix of clay and straw), * a framework made of wood * a roof made using a plastic tarpaulin (agroplastico). The Adobe walls store the heat during the day and deliver it inside the greenhouse at night. The inertia of the walls maintains an almost constant temperature inside the greenhouse. As La Paz is close to the equator, the sun is usually at zenith, the greenhouse's orientation does not really matter and the walls do not interfere with sun radiations. In the Wallipini, the vegetables can be cultivated 7 months per year (the Wallipini is not efficient enough against cold winters).ot efficient enough against cold winters).)
- Semi-removable Mass Stove + (There are a number of items that are neede … There are a number of items that are needed to build this stove, which can either be bought from new or salvaged. * The drums are easy to obtain, apart from the 120 litre ones, which are rare... and it can cost 50€ (excluding taxes) to buy one of this size from new. * The stove pipes, which form the fire pit, are very easy to salvage and will be considerably more expensive if bought from new. NB 1: the 2 pipes that are used for the (fixed) ash tray and the (removable) feed pipe must have a male fitting at one of their ends to accommodate the stopper. NB 2: A rigorous approach must be adopted when producing the exhaust system, using pipes which are compatible with one another. It is important to avoid leaks (condensates as well as smoke) and also the risk of fire . * Concrete can be made up of sand and fire cement but this will not be as durable as using chamotte concrete/fire cement. Chamotte consists of ground-up fire brick and must contain 25 to 40% alumina. To contact manufacturers of fire bricks, see list in the annex.Grain size of 0 to 10 mm grade is ideal, but 0 to 5 mm can also be used. AVOID making concrete with ordinary cement or ‘black’ cement (unlike fire cement, it does not contain alumina) * Vermiculite: mixed with cement acts to insulate the bottom of the container. You can find this in builder's merchants and garden centres mostly under the names of “Vermex” or “Effiperl” (NB the latter also contains perlite and is a French brand) * Ceramic glass: this is specialist glass which does not expand when exposed to heat and is resistant to thermal shocks of up to 800°C ! You can buy it in the shops (for about €400 to €600 per m²) but you can also salvage it from old inserts, electric hobs, oven doors (inner glass only, otherwise it is likely to have little resistance to heat). Do not use ordinary glass ! To test salvaged glass, stand on a flat surface and put the glass onto a gas camping stove. If it resists the heat, then that is a good sign. The final thing to do for the ‘crash test’ is pour a glass of cold water over it. If there is no reaction, then it is specialist glass. Do not put it on the grass in case it breaks. In this image, you will find the average supply costs for the different models. Taking the drum and the smoke exhaust out of the equation, the pipework will be a major part of the budget.pework will be a major part of the budget.)
- Appât pour abeilles Melipona + (Si une colonie se forme : * Noter la date … Si une colonie se forme : * Noter la date * Attendre 1 mois de plus. Après ce mois d’attente : * Ouvrir soigneusement la bouteille en enlevant le scotch et disposer avec précaution la colonie dans une ruche. Attention aux piqûres s’il ne s’agit pas d’abeilles Melipona.es s’il ne s’agit pas d’abeilles Melipona.)
- Tawashi + (Use your pencil and ruler to draw a square 12cmx12cm. Put 20 nails every 2 cm. With your hammer, firmly plant the nails into the board onto each of the 20 dots.)
- Functioning, maintenance and regeneration of lead-acid batteries + ('''Equipment''': Choose your battery caref … '''Equipment''': Choose your battery carefully according to the intended use.
Never mix new and used batteries.
Never mix batteries of different technologies.
Correctly and solidly install the wiring of your battery bank to avoid fires.
Regularly check the connectors if they are subject to vibrations.
*'''Detection and Prevention of Deep Discharge''': Battery life is directly related to DoD or depth of discharge. It is, therefore, very important to prevent any discharge over 50% !'''
**How to know the level of charge (SoC)? ***Simply measuring the voltage does not suffice as several factors affect the battery voltage. ***A [https://www.victronenergy.fr/battery-monitors battery monitor] must be used. It calculates not only the voltage but also the charge and discharge currents, which allows the state of charge to be calculated in real time. **How to avoid deep discharges? ***The idea is to control the level of charge (SoC) and to disconnect the consumption loads as soon as they fall below a certain level. ***Use a battery protector/[https://www.victronenergy.fr/battery_protect/battery-protect Battery Protect] or a configurable solar charge regulator, for direct current (DC) equipment. ***Use the dry contact relay (voltage-free relay) of your battery monitor if it is equipped with one. ***Set the low battery voltage threshold on your inverter for alternating current (AC) equipment (read the instructions carefully). *'''Pay attention to the temperature: ''': This factor has a very important influence on the life of the batteries. It is very important to keep the batteries at “cool” temperatures, around 20°C. **Technical roome : Always choose the coolest room or location. Never leave batteries exposed to direct sunlight. If the place is still too hot, one should consider cooling ventilation of the room or the battery container. **Aeration and ventilation : Always keep space between the batteries (about 5 cm), do not put them against each other. If the batteries are inside a battery box or in a cabinet, there must be air circulation. **Temperature compensation: When the temperature exceeds 30°C or is lower than 10°C for a long time, it is necessary to change the charging voltage.
Battery not in use – Self-discharge: When a battery is not in use, it slowly discharges. This phenomenon depends on the type of battery and the temperature. o An unused open battery must be recharged every four months at room temperature (between 10-25°C). o An unused open battery must be kept permanently charged in temperatures below 0°C. o Sealed batteries can be left for up to 6 to 8 months without recharging at ambient temperature. o When a system containing batteries (RV, car, etc.) is not used for a long period, disconnect the batteries to avoid leakage currents.
*'''Correct charging voltages''': Never recharge the batteries with a voltage higher than that recommended in the manufacturer's data sheet. Use a charger with at least 3 charge stages (Bulk, Absorption, Float).
*'''Correct charge/discharge current''': '''It is recommended '''never to charge or recharge''' lead batteries at '''more than 0.2C''', i.e. 20% of the capacity of the battery bank (ex: 20A for a battery bank of 100Ah).
ing a photovoltaic installation, make sure that the maximum output current is less than 20% of the battery capacity. Let: Imax (A) = Pmax (W) / Ubat (V) < 0.2C</div> </div> <br/> <br/> <br/>)
Français
English
Deutsch
Español
Italiano
Português