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Liste de résultats
- 3D filament extruder + (Use M4 CHC screws and M4 nuts to screw in the bearings The screw heads are below the 3D printed part Put a washer around the screw head and nut. <br/>)
- Water - Biosand Filter + (This manual is free and open-source. It can be downloaded at the following address: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5afb5f6225bf020305339c10/t/5bf67b714fa51a471a435d36/1542880476379/ohorizons_LeMouleEnBois_Manuel_Francais.pdf)
- Spirulina-growing pond + (For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust … For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust the height of the basin to the worker's size. The basin is 30 centimeters high. In our case the bottom of the basin is one meter above the ground. When calculating the height of the legs, the thickness of the low and high frames must also be taken into account. * Make 4 legs with half-rafters, * Place the corner legs aligned with the corners of the bottom frame, * Install four central legs, of a single half-rafter, facing each stiffener of the low frame, * Place a bracket about 30 cm between each center leg and its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.)
- Spirulina farming + ( * Screw a white plastic cap at the end of a ruler or a plastic or wooden rod of about 20 centimeters, * Scale the stem from 0 to about ten centimeters, with the 0 at the level of the cap. )
- Lacto-Fermented Preserves + (<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy"> * Peel and wash the vegetables carefully * Depending on preference, grate or cut them into dice or strips. * Leave those vegetables which are usually left whole as they are, following washing (e.g green beans). </div>)
- Domestic biodigestor + (The entry of the system will be the biodig … The entry of the system will be the biodigestor mouth. The installation will first be done to verify dimensions of the system, and then will be dissasembled and definitively glued. * Put a PVC pipe in one of the digestor openings, without putting it too much inside (this would reduce matter circulation). * Create a 90° angle using two 45° bends. On small diameter tubes, it is better to have smooth angles, as a direct 90° angle would get stuck more easily. * Build the "mouth" with large diameter pipes. The larger the mouth is, the easier it will be to feed the digestor. A first fermentation process happens in the mouth. An unscrewable lid closes the mouth. * Link the mouth to the digestor, placing it higher than the digestor, so that matter can circulate in the system with gravity. can circulate in the system with gravity.)
- Stand-Alone Adjustable Sink + ('''Materials''' *Clear tubing 16/12mm (12 … '''Materials''' *Clear tubing 16/12mm (120cm + 20cm) *Clear tubing 12/10mm (40cm) *Plastic reducing adapter 12/10mm *Foot pump *Swivel spout tap '''Directions''' #Connect the clean water bucket to the foot pump. Attach the 16/12 (1.2 meters) tube to the nozzle of the clean water bucket. Then, connect the 16/12 tube to the foot pump (The nozzle on the right when viewed from the bottom (water intake)). #Connect the foot pump to the swivel spout tap. Link the 16/12 (20cm) tube from the foot pump to the adapter and then to the 10/12 (40cm) clear tube which goes toward the swivel spout tap.he adapter and then to the 10/12 (40cm) clear tube which goes toward the swivel spout tap.)
- Thrifty and stand-alone water point + (Gather 3 transversal battens from the wooden box (1 short / 2 long) et use them to make a T-shaped lever (around 25cm - 10 inch long). Attach those 3 pieces with some glue.)
- Thermosyphon Solar Water Heater + (Our system has no pumping system. The wate … Our system has no pumping system. The water circulation is only done thanks to a thermodynamic phenomenon called '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosiphon thermosiphon]'''.
The principle of the thermosiphon system is that cold water has a higher density than hot water because it is more compact. It is therefore heavier and sinking. However, all systems tend towards a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. There is a movement called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convective_heat_transfer thermal convection] to mix hot and cold water.
For this reason, the solar collector is always mounted underneath the water storage tank, so that the cold water from the tank reaches the collector via a downhill water pipe. When the water in the collector heats up, the hot water rises naturally, pushed up by the cold water and returns to the tank. The cycle tank -> water pipe -> collector heats the water until it reaches an equilibrium temperature. The consumer can then use the hot water from the top of the tank.
e the hot water from the top of the tank. <br/>) - Bio-Coal + (Provide us with you remarks, ideas, experiences [http://lowtechlab.wikifab.org/index.php/Discussion:Bio_Charbon '''here'''] to help us improve this lowtech!)
- Black Soldier Fly breeding + (The breeding environment can be made with … The breeding environment can be made with various materials. For the prototype of the boat for example, we built a wooden box in which we put a plastic bin containing the waste and larvae (See photo). For example, you can use a plastic drum cut on top, or a simple plastic box. '''For the construction:''' '''1. Preparation of the boards''' *Using an electric or hand saw, cut the 6 boards to the right lengths *Sand the boards *Apply an undercoat on all sides of the boards and allow to dry *Apply a coat of wood paint and let it dry *Apply a coat of varnish (optional) and let it dry '''2. Assembly of the box''' *Using the angles and screws, assemble the boards on the bottom of the box *Using angles and screws, connect the different sides of the box *Cut out cleats to strengthen the inside of the box and attach the lid to it. *Using screws, fix the cleats on the upper part of the walls *Prepare the cover by installing hinges. *Install the cover on the box and fix the hinges '''3. Preparation of the waste box''' If the sides of your waste bin are not very high, it may be useful to put an additional barrier against larvae escape *Pass an old used inner tube all around your tray and leave a part coming out towards the inside *Staple the inner tube to the tray *Place the tray at the bottom of the box and stick it against one side '''4. Preparation of the slope''' *Cut the board in the shape of a trapezoid so that it forms a ramp when placed on the waste and joins the edge of the box at an angle of less than 45 degrees *Cut cleats to fit the external shapes of the ramp *Secure them with screws on the ramp '''5. Installation of the ramp ''' To facilitate maintenance, we put the ramp on a hinge to be able to lift it up and easily remove the bin from the waste *Install a hinge on the lower part of the ramp *Attach the hinge to the box '''6. Cutting of the holes on the box''' In order to allow the entry of flies and the exit of larvae, holes must be drilled on the sides of the box. For larvaes: *Measure the location where the ramp arrives and count 2cm high for the opening *Using a drill, make holes at the 4 ends of your opening *Using a saw, connect these holes to create an opening For the flies *On the sides of the box, drill with a hole saw about ten openings of 5cm in diameter '''7. Placing of the larvae collection box''' *Using screws, fix the plastic box under the larvae exit slot '''8. Laying supports (if no separate aviary)''' *Cut out pieces of cardboard boxes that are 10cm by 5cm thick. *Assemble 4 pieces with string *Attach two screws to the cleats at both ends of the box *Hang a string on these screws *Hang the egg-laying supports on the string so that they are as close as possible to the waste '''The general recommendations for the design of the living environment are :''' - Size your waste bin according to your weekly volume. Indeed, it is not necessary to have a too thick layer of substrate so it is better to be able to spread out your waste rather than stack it. - Drill holes so that female flies can come and lay eggs inside. - Place the egg-laying supports above the waste, as close as possible. These can be made of honeycomb cardboard or wooden planks separated by a pin (a gap must be left in which the flies will lay their eggs). During hatching, the larvae will fall directly into the waste. - Have a well sealed waste box to prevent larvae from escaping in case of lack of food. - Put a ramp for the exit of the larvae. It can be inclined up to 45 degrees but prefer a softer slope. As larvae tend to follow the edges of the box to find the exit, it may be good if the ramp is the full width of the box. - Avoid the ventilation holes on top to protect the substrate as much as possible from rain. On the pictures, you can see the plans of the system we had validated and that works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below. works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below.)
- Manual pump (vertical) + (Without sticking the pieces together, the purpose of this step is to check the material. Nest the elements as shown in the following diagram: You can even test the operation. To optimize : areas surrounded in blue should be as short as possible.)
- Semi-removable Mass Stove + (There are a number of items that are neede … There are a number of items that are needed to build this stove, which can either be bought from new or salvaged. * The drums are easy to obtain, apart from the 120 litre ones, which are rare... and it can cost 50€ (excluding taxes) to buy one of this size from new. * The stove pipes, which form the fire pit, are very easy to salvage and will be considerably more expensive if bought from new. NB 1: the 2 pipes that are used for the (fixed) ash tray and the (removable) feed pipe must have a male fitting at one of their ends to accommodate the stopper. NB 2: A rigorous approach must be adopted when producing the exhaust system, using pipes which are compatible with one another. It is important to avoid leaks (condensates as well as smoke) and also the risk of fire . * Concrete can be made up of sand and fire cement but this will not be as durable as using chamotte concrete/fire cement. Chamotte consists of ground-up fire brick and must contain 25 to 40% alumina. To contact manufacturers of fire bricks, see list in the annex.Grain size of 0 to 10 mm grade is ideal, but 0 to 5 mm can also be used. AVOID making concrete with ordinary cement or ‘black’ cement (unlike fire cement, it does not contain alumina) * Vermiculite: mixed with cement acts to insulate the bottom of the container. You can find this in builder's merchants and garden centres mostly under the names of “Vermex” or “Effiperl” (NB the latter also contains perlite and is a French brand) * Ceramic glass: this is specialist glass which does not expand when exposed to heat and is resistant to thermal shocks of up to 800°C ! You can buy it in the shops (for about €400 to €600 per m²) but you can also salvage it from old inserts, electric hobs, oven doors (inner glass only, otherwise it is likely to have little resistance to heat). Do not use ordinary glass ! To test salvaged glass, stand on a flat surface and put the glass onto a gas camping stove. If it resists the heat, then that is a good sign. The final thing to do for the ‘crash test’ is pour a glass of cold water over it. If there is no reaction, then it is specialist glass. Do not put it on the grass in case it breaks. In this image, you will find the average supply costs for the different models. Taking the drum and the smoke exhaust out of the equation, the pipework will be a major part of the budget.pework will be a major part of the budget.)
- 200W Wind Turbine + ( * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95m … * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95mm x 35mm '''Notes''': 1) The wood should be imputrescible, light-weighted and easy to work with. For example, red cedar, Oregon pine, spruce, larch, douglas fir may be suitable. 2) For this tutorial, the section of the red cedar plank is 150mm x 45mm. 3) The parameter which determines the energy transmitted by the wind at the propeller is the length of the blade and not it’s breadth. *With the help of the blade pattern, '''lower side visible''', mark the location for the first blade. '''Notes''': 1) Put the knots and defects of the wood at the end of the blade, so that the thinnest part does not become fragile (middle-end of the blade). 2) Select the leading edge ridge as neatly as possible. This ridge will not be altered during the cutting of the blade. 3) Extend the blade tip pattern by 4-5 cm to maintain a margin in case of damage. * Do the same for the 2 other blades and cut the blades. '''Note''': When using a circular saw for cutting, be careful to place the width of the blade always on the outside of the line. * Rectify the left of the blades if necessary with the help of a plane. * Fix the 3 blades together with the help of the clamps and equalize all the irregular planes. All the 3 blades needs to be strictly identical. * Mark the position of the leading edge ridge for it to stay where it is. It will be its landmark. stay where it is. It will be its landmark. )
- Pellets cooker + ( *Cut out or have cut out by a boilermaker … *Cut out or have cut out by a boilermaker the 4 sheets according to the attached drawings: [https://03eba152-2ce7-474d-a49a-d8b50e4284c2.filesusr.com/ugd/a8a7bb_99d74147060b46e4a1615000427327f0.pdf 1], [https://03eba152-2ce7-474d-a49a-d8b50e4284c2.filesusr.com/ugd/a8a7bb_691de51542a941baa177b7351f47d910.pdf 2], [https://03eba152-2ce7-474d-a49a-d8b50e4284c2.filesusr.com/ugd/a8a7bb_3ddf2e16ce5e4c99b504f21101aa5f90.pdf 3] (refer to the link at the bottom of the page if the plans are not opened) *Screw the feet on e plans are not opened) *Screw the feet on )
- Dry Toilets For Family + ( * Cut a wood rectangle of 4,8*14,6 in and 1,2 thick * Sand and deburr if required Notes : This pillar helps to get back when a user sit. )
- Solar air heater + (Detailed plans and CAO have been realised … Detailed plans and CAO have been realised by [https://www.enerlog.fr/ Enerlog]. They are available in open-source here : https://cloud.ecutsa.fr/index.php/s/apRoi395xdQb52T#pdfviewer Those plans have been used for the first version built during a workshop. They are shared here in order to respond to one of the objective of Enerlog: to support the reappropriation of the knowledge by the citizens by sharing knowledge and promote its transmission.ng knowledge and promote its transmission.)
- Bokashi “Kitchen compost” + ( * Drill numerous holes at the bottom of the compost bucket with the 3mm bit. )
- Butter churn + (Drill the holes in the cover as shown in the photo.)
- Plastic bottle cutter + (Drill two holes in the board. In these two … Drill two holes in the board. In these two holes are bolted bolts, around which are inserted washers. A cutter blade is disposed between the washers. With this device, we can cut plastic bottles to transform them into yarn of adjustable thickness (the thickness of the yarn is modified with the height of the cutter blade). On the system used here, the dimensions are slightly different. The manufacturing remains exactly the same, but the dimensions given in this tutorial are optimized compared to those shown in the photos.zed compared to those shown in the photos.)
- Solar desalinator + (For this model, the chosen floor area is 1 … For this model, the chosen floor area is 110 cm horizontal by 66 cm vertical. The wooden battens used have a section of 44 mm by 22 mm. The thickness of the frame is 44 mm. The frame is assembled with screws. At about 10 centimeters from the bottom of the frame, a cleat is added, as can be seen in the picture. It makes it possible to stiffen the frame, to stretch the sheet and to separate the freshwater and seawater parts (no risk of salt contamination).ter parts (no risk of salt contamination).)
- Closed-loop hydroelectric generator + (For this step, we started by taking a bicy … For this step, we started by taking a bicycle wheel and removing the tyre from it. The spokes are screwed to the wheel and we had the option of unscrewing them to insert metal spoons that we had previously drilled with a drill press, and then screwing them back in. We bent them so that we didn't have to cut off their tails. For the base, we took a plank of wood, cut it and screwed it together as shown in the photo.screwed it together as shown in the photo.)
- Warmer + (Here are the quantities for one warmer ! T … Here are the quantities for one warmer ! The mass of vinegar depends on its concentration.
===Quantity for one warmer=== 35g baking sodaNB: The density of vinegar is very close to that of water, 1kg for 1L.;</tr><tr> <td>14 </td><td>180 </td><td>180 </td></tr><tr> <td>16 </td><td>155 </td><td>155 </td></tr></table> These values are approximate. You can find out how to calculate them in the theoretical sections. </div> NB: The density of vinegar is very close to that of water, 1kg for 1L.)
These values are approximate. You can find out how to calculate them in the theoretical sections.Concentration of vinegar [%] [g Mass of vinegar [g] Approximate volume of vinegar [mL 6 415 415 8 315 315 10 250 250 12 210 210 14 180 180 16 155 155 - Simple wooden bike trolley - hand tools only - back wheel attachment + (Here, we collect materials before adapting … Here, we collect materials before adapting the plan to what we find. At the local charity store, I found a bunch of single bed slates and a wooden board - 9€ I talked with someone who fixes second-hand bikes and sold me 2 kid front wheels - 5€ For hardware, we used whatever we had at home and headed to the hardware store to complete our set - spent around 13€ore to complete our set - spent around 13€)
- Dominik - module électronique central + (<nowiki>''Dans cette étape, nous ver …
''Dans cette étape, nous verrons pas à pas comment écrire et ajouter un article sur le site, grâce aux modèles templates. Ce guide prends pour exemple la publication d'article sur notre site, tu n'auras probablement pas le même site donc pas le même code !'' s services tiers et services d’analyse.Tu peux retrouver plus de détail dans le guide dédier<br />Si tu as réalisé ces manipulations sur des copies des fichiers html de ton site sur ton ordinateur, il faut maintenant mettre à jour les fichiers html de ton site sur ton serveur, grâce à la partie ''Remplacer la page par défaut par son site ou le mettre à jour'' du guide ''Installation d'un serveur local sur smartphone''</nowiki>)
=== HTML, c'est quoi ? ===
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) c'est un language utilisé pour créer des pages web. Il permet d'indiquer à un navigateur (Chrome, firefox, etc.). Ce que l'on souhaite qu'il affiche. Par exemple, pour écrire
J'ai trouvé des infos intéressantes sur le Kosovo, regarde c'est ici : [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo Kosovo].
On écrit
HEY !
J'ai trouvé des infos intéressantes sur le Kosovo, regarde c'est ici : Kosovo.
Les balisespermettent ici d'indiquer un titre de niveau.
indique un paragraphe et permet de créer un lien. À chaque fois, il faut fermer la balise, avec une balise similaire avec un / comme
.
Une fois qu'on a écrit tout notre code dans un fichier texte dans un éditeur de texte normal ou dans notepad++ ou Sublime Texte (pour avoir des balises colorées, c'est plus joli et pratique), on l'enregistre en '''NomDuFichier.html''' , et on l'ouvre depuis n'importe quel navigateur.
Derrière chaque site il y a ce code html. On utilise aussi des fichiers écrit en .css, un langage assez proche créé uniquement pour mettre en forme et rendre joli ton site html. Enfin, beaucoup de gens utilisent des scripts javascript, qui s'exécutent au lancement de la page, mais on a décidé de ne pas en utiliser : cela complexifie les sites et les rend moins sobres selon nous.
Plein de tutoriel plus ou moins complet sont disponibles sur internet pour apprendre rapidement :
* Les [https://developer.mozilla.org/fr/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/HTML_basics bases de html] et les[https://developer.mozilla.org/fr/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/CSS_basics bases de css], pour apprendre juste l'essentiel
* Un cours assez complet sur [https://openclassrooms.com/fr/courses/1603881-creez-votre-site-web-avec-html5-et-css3 OpenClassroom]
Il existe aussi des générateur de site statiques comme Pelican, mais c'est un peu technique à prendre en main.
=== Des templates tout fait ===
Pour te simplifier la vie, on a créé des templates (des modèles prêts à remplir) de site tout prêt. Tu peux les retrouver dans l'espace de stockage.
Grâce à eux, pas besoin de comprendre html en détail, tu as juste à copier les fichiers, les ouvrir avec un éditeur de texte et copier les ensembles de balises en commentaires (ceux entre ces balises ) et remplacer les textes en majuscules par ce que tu veux.
Dans ces templates, il te suffit de mettre les bonnes infos au bon endroit !
* Ouvre d’un coté le fichier code'' index.html ''dans un éditeur de code html (notepad++), et ouvre le meme fichier dans un navigateur internet (chrome, firefox).
* Cherche par exemple le titre du document (main title) dans le code et remplace le. Il doit être entre des balisesMain Title
Puis remplace ce que tu veux !
Quelques indices pour trouver ce que tu cherches :
* Les '''titres''' sont entre des balisesTitre
le numéro peut varier en fonction de la taille du titre.
* Les '''paragraphes''' de textes sont entre les balises….
* Les '''images''' sont entre les balises
** src="images/IMG_6045.jpg" indique le chemin et le nom de l’image. Ici, PAR RAPPORT à la page où se trouve la page, l’image est dans le dossier images.
** Pour indiquer un chemin qui part du dossier supérieur à celui dans lequel est ta page, tu peux écrire « '''..'''/nomdelimage.png »
* Les '''liens''' :
** Crowdfunding → Ici href permet de préciser l’emplacement de la page de notre site que l’on veut mettre en lien sur la page d’accueil. « Crowdfunding » c’est le texte qui va s’afficher.
** Tripalium → Ici on fait un lien vers un site.
* Les '''listes''' :
**- Point 1
- Point 2
- Point 3
'''Le fichier CSS'''
On va pas trop trop s’attarder dessus, mais tu remarqueras peut-être qu’il y a des fichier ''layout.css'' et ''framework.css.'' Ces fichiers, c’est les fichiers du '''~''' '''style''' ~.
html c’est la structure et le fond du site, css c'est un langage qui sert à pimper ton site. En soit, tu peux mettre des couleurs, changer les tailles des images, changer les polices directement dans les fichiers html mais le fichier css permet de centraliser ces changement. Par exemple pour tout notre site lowtechnumerique.mooo.com, on utilise qu’une seule feuille de style css.
C’est vraiement pas très compliqué, en gros tu dis à quoi tu veux appliquer un changement et quels paramètres tu change, puis quel valeurs. Genre :
img{
max-width:100%; ← la taille maximale de l’image ne doit pas dépasser celle de l’écran
height:auto; ← la hauteur est reglée automatiquement en face de la classe
border: 1px solid grey; ← on ajoute une bordure grise d’un pixel
}
Bref, celui des templates est vachement fournit donc pas facile à changer, mais tu peux essayer quand même ! Et si tu réécris ton site de A à Z, en vrai c’est plus simple et il sera peut-être moins énorme.
=== Bonnes pratiques quand on créé un site ===
* Limiter la taille du site :
** Limiter la quantité et la taille des vidéos, des sons, et des images.
** Limiter le contenu inutiles, fichiers, etc
* Eviter d’utiliser des scripts (javascript) et du contenu dynamique (certe ca permet d’avoir des sites super stylé et internet, mais ça fait plusieurs connexion au lieu d’une seule, donc ça multiplie le trafique internet
* Eviter les cookies, les pubs, les services tiers et services d’analyse.Tu peux retrouver plus de détail dans le guide dédier
Si tu as réalisé ces manipulations sur des copies des fichiers html de ton site sur ton ordinateur, il faut maintenant mettre à jour les fichiers html de ton site sur ton serveur, grâce à la partie ''Remplacer la page par défaut par son site ou le mettre à jour'' du guide ''Installation d'un serveur local sur smartphone'' - Pallet benches + (<nowiki>To dismantle a pallet, take …
To dismantle a pallet, take it slowly and don't force it, otherwise you risk damaging the boards. Place the crowbar in the gaps, and tap the crowbar with the sledgehammer so that it fits into the gap, repeating the process in different places until you feel the boards coming loose. Note that if you break the ends of some of the boards, it's not a big deal, as some of them will be cut off later. ar method on this tutorial (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQnQkdUS3yo)</nowiki>)
Follow the boning of the following pallets:
* Start by removing planks 2 and 4 from the top.
* Turn the pallet over and remove the blocks from boards 1, 3 and 5
* Remove the boards attached to the blocks
* Tap the nails on boards 1, 3 and 5 to remove them.
* Similar method on this tutorial (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQnQkdUS3yo) - Sizing and making a photovoltaic tracker + (<nowiki>We set two axis for our modu …
We set two axis for our module: tor or an endless screw engine (resistance unpowered test at reception) commanded by a raspberry pi (but the plate lifter has wheels, so we will take the precaution to put away the tracker when there's a storm ;))<br /><br />Carvan tips: to size the width of the metal frame, modern norms dont seem to be really made on scientific basis but on commercial basis. We will therefore measure the width of old material (made in the 70s). For example, the frame of this old caravan accredited on its registration document for a 750kg weigth has a metal frame of 5mm width. On can then make a rule of 3 to verify the width of our frame fits.<br /><br />This is rustic style (strenght of material calculs is rigorous and complex), but it allows to have a firest approximation "a visto de nas" as we say in gascon<br/><br /><br/></nowiki>)
one axis Oz perpendicular to the module plane (vertical when the module is flat) and one axis Ox paralelle to the module plane (horizontal when the module is flat)
Caractéristics of the module:
mass: m=21,2 kg
Length: L=1,8m
Width: 1m
Wikipedia theory tells us intertia moment along Oz axis is :
Jdelta=1/12*m*L
Jdelta=1/12*1,8*21,2=3,18Nm
Nb: we suppose the module is a bar because here the rotation axis is the axis paralell to the plane of the rectangle formed by the module and not the perpendicular axis
We now experimentally verify:
Center the module on the plate lifter and put it horizontally
verify there is no wind
check the level on which the mast of the plate lifter is put
fix a horizontal lanmark at the bottom of the module
set a 500g mass at the extremity of the module
measure the distance between the position at equilibrium and the position with the mass
We have:
Jdelta=d*F
with d distance in meter to the axis of rotation
F force applied to the solid (here mg with m solid mass in kg and g gravitational constant)
We then have
Jdelta=0,9*0,5*9,8=4,41Nm
We measure the rotation: in our case, the distance of rotation at the extremity of the module varies between 3 and 10cm. The important variations
are due to frictions on the axis that can force or slide more freely
The order of magnitude of the inertia momen is verified
For the moment of inertia along axis Ox, it is more difficult to verify experimentally, because the axise of the plate lifter doesnt allow
to have a position at equilibrium with the module mass (which will finish on the stop under its own weight)
Therefore, we will accept the theory:
The theory says
Jdelta=1/12*m(b²+c²) with m mass of the module, b lenght of the short side of the module and c length of the long side of the module
Jdelta=1/12*21,2*(1,8²+1²)=7,49NM
This theoretical result is strongly lower than the weigth of the module, so we will size based on the necessary force to lift the weigth of the module (the axis being submitted to the weight):
F=mg=21,2*9,8
In order of magnitude 200Nm (1m of lever arm in order of magnitude)
We have now the caracteristics to size the engines of our module along two rotation axis
But the trackers have a consequent wind exposure
If we want to take into account the resistance to the wind, we must measure the force applied to the module according to wind speed:
Fp=1/2*ρ*v²*S*Cp
With ρ air density equal to 1,2 kg/m3 in order of magnitude for standard temperature and pressure conditions
v wind speed in m/s
S object surface in m²
Cp pressure coefficient without dimension égal to 2 for a rectangular metal plate
We have:
Fp=1/2*1,2*1,8*2*v²=2,16*v²
Chatgpt can give us the abacus of wind speeds in km/h and their conversions in m/2 and the generic name in meteorology
Calm: Less than 1 km/h (Less than 0.3 m/s)
Very light breeze: 1-5 km/h (0.3-1.5 m/s)
Light breeze: 6-11 km/h (1.6-3.0 m/s)
Gentle breeze: 12-19 km/h (3.4-5.4 m/s)
Moderate breeze: 20-28 km/h (5.5-7.9 m/s)
Fresh breeze: 29-38 km/h (8.0-10.7 m/s)
Strong breeze: 39-49 km/h (10.8-13.8 m/s)
Moderate wind: 50-61 km/h (13.9-16.9 m/s)
Near gale: 62-74 km/h (17.2-20.6 m/s)
Gale: 75-88 km/h (20.8-24.4 m/s)
Strong gale: 89-102 km/h (24.7-28.3 m/s)
Storm: 103-117 km/h (28.6-32.5 m/s)
Hurricane: At least 118 km/h (At least 32.8 m/s)
So we have a Force Fp that can vary from
An order of magnitude of 20N for a ligth breeze
to
An order of magnitude of 2000N for a storm
(NB: the gravity force of 1kg is approximately 10N so the force of 2000N corresponds in order of magnitude to the gravity force of 200kg).
The inertia moments on the axis are of the same order of magnitude (20Nm and 2000Nm) because the dimensions of the module are an order of magnitude of 1 m
If you want to build a tracker that can resist to storm conditions, it is advised to size the tracker consequently
On the one hand with sufficient ties in the ground, and on the other hand with an adapted frame -see caravan tips at the end of this stage-, and deactivate
when there are stronger winds.)
Wind resistance sizing is one of the reasons trackers are expensive et less generalized than standard photovoltaic installations
The step motors and servomotors that have an adequate torke to resist to important winds are expensive, et that can be understandable for motors designed for step precision
(For example here: https://www.distrelec.fr/fr/automatisation/moteurs-et-entrainements/moteurs-pas-pas-et-servocommandes/c/cat-L3D_525513 )
For hydraulic cylinders, the driving force is generally in orders of magnitude fitting to resist to storms.For our low-tech tutorial, we know that core drilling machines have torque in an order of magnitude fitting to resist to storms (1W corresponds to 1 N multiplying 1 meter per second, so a core drilling machine of 2000W should have an adequate torque of more or less 2000Nm).
After verification on the technical caracteristics of drills, impact screwdriver, and after a manual verification of resistances (brake,clutch) when the engine is not powered, this type of engine doesnt fit.
To size a resistance to winds between the storm and hurricane we will proceed differently:
We find on aliexpress a affordable prices (70€) step motors or endless screw motors with torque in an order of magnitude of 20Nm(200kgcm). We will use thi engine with two reductors 1:10 to get a resisting torque of 2000Nm.
Recall: the torque expressed in Nm is a rotation force produced by the motor that can be computed with the same principle of the inertia moment: the force in newton x the distance to the rotation axis
Belt or chain transmission permit to reduce this torque, and that can be calculated very easily
C1=(R1/R2)*C2
With C1 torque on pulley 1
R1 pulley 1 radius
C2 torque on pulley 2
R2 pulley 2 radius
The radius is directly proportional to the number of teeth of a gear wheel (a bike cog or a motorcycle cog for example), we can easily calculate the transmission reduction by dividing the number of teeth of the big cog by the number of teeth of the little cog (verify they have the same teeth standards)
Therefore a transmission 80 teeth/10 teeth (80T/10T) will produce a reduction of 1:8, like here on amazon for an electric bike ("Keenso Kit Chaîne et Pignon 80T 25H 34mm 3 Trous Pignon 10T H Trou Chaîne Pignon 146 Maillons Chaîne") for 30€.
We will notice that a standard bike transmission have a maximum transmission reduction of 50 teeth/11 teeth so a reduction of 1:5, which is not enough for efficient reduction witouth multiplying pulleys
It is difficult to find transmissions with reduction of 1:10, but we find some on aliexpress and we will easily adapt a bicycle drive on which we will weld cogs, which will allow us a reduction of 1:100 with only one axis added in addition to the principal axis and the engine axis
So we will use an engine step motor or an endless screw engine (resistance unpowered test at reception) commanded by a raspberry pi (but the plate lifter has wheels, so we will take the precaution to put away the tracker when there's a storm ;))
Carvan tips: to size the width of the metal frame, modern norms dont seem to be really made on scientific basis but on commercial basis. We will therefore measure the width of old material (made in the 70s). For example, the frame of this old caravan accredited on its registration document for a 750kg weigth has a metal frame of 5mm width. On can then make a rule of 3 to verify the width of our frame fits.
This is rustic style (strenght of material calculs is rigorous and complex), but it allows to have a firest approximation "a visto de nas" as we say in gascon - Cultivation of oyster mushrooms + ( *Open the sterilized bottles to inoculate … *Open the sterilized bottles to inoculate them with your mother spawn, rich in mycelium, delicate passage because it is necessary to be fast enough to limit the risks of contamination during the opening of the bottles. It is important to work in a sterile environment during this operation (clean hands, clean clothes, etc...). *Using tweezers previously sterilized in rubbing alcohol, place the ends of cardboard boxes covered with mycelium on the substrate of your bottles. *Close the bottles immediately and put them in your incubator at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. *Using tweezers previously sterilized in alcohol at 70°C, place the ends of cardboard boxes covered with mycelium on the substrate of your bottles. *Close the bottles immediately and put them in your incubator at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. at a temperature of 20-30°C, without light. )
- Hydroponics + (In order to gain in autonomy, it is possib … In order to gain in autonomy, it is possible to install a timer system thanks to a programmable electrical socket or an arduino allowing to program the starting of the pump and the bubbler.
* Indeed, for a better development of the plants, it is advisable to proceed to a regular watering alternated with dry breaks. This water stress will strengthen the roots.
For this purpose, we recommend that the pump be switched on for 30 minutes every 2 hours during the day. No watering at night.
* The biofilter needs to be aerated regularly for good growth and survival of bacteria.
'''We recommend lighting the bubbler for 1 minute every 5 minutes, 24 hours a day.'''
'''Arduino control system: '''
[[Gestion énergétique d'un système d'hydroponie/fr]]
[[Gestion énergétique d'un système d'hydroponie/fr]] <br/>) - Pasteurisation of Fruit and Vegetables + ( * Peel and wash the fruit and vegetables … * Peel and wash the fruit and vegetables to be pasteurised thoroughly * Whether from a recipe of your choice (like ratatouille, compote, puréed fruit or veg, fruit in syrup etc...) or cut into pieces in water, place the fruit or veg in a saucepan over heat. * Heat until brought to a simmer over heat. * Heat until brought to a simmer )
- Dry shampoo + ( * Place one or a mixture of the basic pow … * Place one or a mixture of the basic powders listed above in your small container. * If you need to adapt the colour, mix with one or more spices to obtain the desired colour. * Place in the final container . If you really want to use essential oils, bear in mind that they are not perfumes, but medicinal concentrates of powerful plants (check the recommendations for use and test your skin reaction before use in a product) which require a significant amount of plant resources and energy. If possible, use local essential oils. a significant amount of plant resources and energy. If possible, use local essential oils. )
- Ski benches + (Plan this search in advance of the workshop: skis can be collected from waste collection centres, and pallets from the depots of supermarkets and DIY shops.)
- Children's bikes + (1 - Preparing the tools Make sure you hav … 1 - Preparing the tools Make sure you have the appropriate tools to hand: spanners of various sizes, pliers, a screwdriver and any other spanners specific to your model of bike. 2 - Identification of components to be dismantled Examine the bike and identify the components that need to be dismantled. This may include the seat, pedals, brakes, handlebars, wheels and chain. 3 - Withdrawal of the seat Use a suitable spanner to unscrew and remove the seat from the bike. Be careful not to damage the seatpost during this process. 4 - Disconnecting the brakes Use a spanner to unscrew the brake cables or remove the brake callipers, depending on the type of braking. Be sure to identify each cable to make reassembly easier later. 5 - Removing the handlebars Unscrew the handlebar pivot bolt using an appropriate spanner. Note the position of the handlebars for correct reassembly. 6 - Removing the wheels Use a spanner to unscrew the wheel axle nuts. Remove the wheels from the frame, making sure you understand the fastening system used. 7 - Removing the chain Use pliers to remove the chain from the crankset. This may involve using a quick link or removing the rear derailleur. 8 - Removing the freewheel Allow plenty of time for this part, as it involves completely dismantling a wheel (cutting out the spokes, etc.). 9 - Cutting off one of the rear legs Using the appropriate saw, start cutting out the hind leg according to the marks you have made. Follow the lines as precisely as possible to ensure a clean cut. 10 - Creating an attachment to link the two bicycles The clamp is fixed to the seatpost of the front bike and is secured in the fork of the adapted bike. 11 - Welding The penultimate step is to weld the different parts together. To do this, you need to calculate the dimensions carefully to avoid having to redo everything. 12 - Addition of the safety/comfort section In addition to the weld on the seatpost to attach the adapted backrest, Velcro fasteners can also be added to the pedals.fasteners can also be added to the pedals.)
- Solar water heater + (Refrigerators are numerous in waste collec … Refrigerators are numerous in waste collection centres, it is necessary to identify those which have the adequate grids (see Preface - Grid) and of the largest possible dimension. Pinching the pipes at the outlet of the compressor will limit the exhaust of refrigerant gases. Cut the pipes as close as possible to the compressor to ensure maximum length with the grid. Unscrew the grid. Wash the grid with soapy water. Blow a blower into the pipes to remove impurities. Seal the pipes with tape to prevent impurities from getting into them, as they may have a small diameter and become obstructed.ve a small diameter and become obstructed.)
- Multifunctional Crankset + ( *Salvage the hub of the front wheel (whic … *Salvage the hub of the front wheel (which is not used) and remove all spokes. *Attach a pulley on either side of the hub. Transmission pulley 1 will be driven by a belt connected to the bike wheel, and transmission pulley 2 will power the desired tool with a second belt. *Secure the hub on a block of wood with the eye straps. This block of wood will later be attached to the table. f wood will later be attached to the table. )
- Autonomous solar watermaker + (1 Solar concentrator 1.1 Frame 1.2 M … 1 Solar concentrator 1.1 Frame 1.2 Main reflector 1.2.1 Support for main reflector 1.2.2 Mirrors 1.3 Secondary reflector 1.3.1 Support for secondary reflector 1.3.2 Secondary reflector and copper pipe 2 Watermaker 2.1 Evaporation tank 2.1.1 Frame 2.1.2 Stages 2.1.3 Copper pipe 2.2 Condensation tank 2.2.1 Frame 2.2.2 Copper pipes 2.2.2.1 Copper condensing coil 2.2.2.2 Copper water inlet pipe 2.2.2.3 Copper water outlet pipe 2.2.3 Cover 3 Total circuit 3.1 Circuit closing pipes4 3.2 Pump 3.1 Circuit closing pipes4 3.2 Pump)
- Solar Oven (box-type oven) + (1) Take the [[:Fichier:Plans cuiseur solaire.jpg|plans de la boîte]] … 1) Take the [[:Fichier:Plans cuiseur solaire.jpg|plans de la boîte]] , the plywood panels and the tape measure 2) Copy the dimensions of the side A on one of the panels with a ruler. 3) Use the protractor to create an angle of 60° and another one of 30° as shown on the schema. 4) Fix the panel on the working table with the clamp. 5) Protect the ears and the eyes 6) Cut following the drawings with the jigsaw. 7) Copy the dimensions of the schema on the second panel to realize the side B. 8) Cut the second panel 9) Draw, cut the panels C, D and E '''Comment''': if at the cutting of the panels, the borders of the plywood panel contains thorns, it can be useful to sand the borders with sandpaper. The panels being voluntary thin, it is necessary to fix on the panels A and B the sticks that will be used as support to screw the panels C, D and E. The sticks will be, in ideal, of the same thickness of the isolator. Cut the sticks 1) Take the sticks and draw the desired dimensions 2) Fix the sticks on the clamping and cut with a saw. Fix the stick to the panels 3) Position one of the stick and use the clamp to maintain the whole 4) Return the panel and screw with a screw (two screws per stick is enough). '''Comment''': Keep in mind to keep the thickness of a panel between the end of the panel and the stick (it is at this place that the panels C, D and E will come). 1) Screw the panels C, D and E on the sticks, 3 screws are enough. We obtain so the inside of the box. The isolator will be added and then the inside box will be covered with reflectings. '''Comment''': To screw, it is sometime judicious to pre-screw with a drill or a broach.ous to pre-screw with a drill or a broach.)
- Manual Pump (vertical) + (The aim of this step is to check the equip … The aim of this step is to check the equipment is in order without gluing the components together. Slot the components together as per the following diagram: You can even check if it is working or not. For best results: the areas circled in blue must be as short as possible.cled in blue must be as short as possible.)
- Coco soap + (The first step is to extract the coconut o … The first step is to extract the coconut oil from ripe coconut (brown nuts). Here is the procedure: * Open the coconut * Scrape the pulp with a scraper if you do not have a mixer-blender. If you own a blender you can detach the pulp from the shell roughly and mix everything. * Put the resulting coconut crumbs in a container, cover with hot water and mix well. If you use a blender you can directly cover with hot water and mix. * Place a clean towel over a second container and filter the resulting coconut milk. press the cloth tightly to obtain as much filtrate as possible. * Place the coconut milk obtained in a plastic bottle and allow to settle until two distinct phases are obtained. We find the coconut cream above and the water below. Drill a small hole in the bottom of the bottle to let the water escape and plug the hole to keep the cream. * Pour the cream into a pan and cook over medium heat, stirring. Burnished cream and translucent oil is extracted. This step can take several tens of minutes. * Filter the extracted coconut oil.nutes. * Filter the extracted coconut oil.)
- Setting up a Local Community + ("The islands of a growing archipelago" Es … "The islands of a growing archipelago" Establishing a link between territories, as close as possible to needs is the be-all and end-all of the low-tech approach. Digital distribution channels help to raise awareness and to get to to know this approach, however then you have the people who put it into practice. Local communities made up of beginners, experienced and/or expert citizens play this leading role in local dissemination, collaborating with the actors in their territory. They are equally interlinked with each-other in orde to share and exchange resources, ideas, discoveries and sound practices. "Map from this post- available in HD" https://lowtechlab.org/fr/actualites-blog/l-archipel-low-tech-en-france-illustrelog/l-archipel-low-tech-en-france-illustre)
- Orangepi-raspberry pi nextcloud server (photovoltaics powered) + (The links to the photovoltaics material ar … The links to the photovoltaics material are in the autonomie.ods file (readable with libreoffice) attached to this tutorial. - raspberry pi : 42€ on leboncoin -Orange pi : single board computer: Orange pi 5 single board computer with 4,8,16 or 32 Go of ram 2,4Ghz ARM Cortex-A55 CPU This card is compatible with nvme pcie 2.0 hard drives (2242 or 2230, pcie is retrocompatible ie 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 work with lower speed on orange pi 5) Same principle as here but a bit more powerful and we can plug a hard drive (useful for nextcloud which is made to host files) and it starts automatically on a usb stick Price: 143€ brand new on aliexpress in version 16 Go on the 2nd of august 2023 Second hand on leboncoin: we find more easily raspberry pi at around 100€. It is necessary to buy a small box at 10€ (or make one) to avoid a naked single board computer -hard drive Here we use a kingston usb stick of 32Go and a nvme samsung 512Go card We can plug a hard drive of higher capacity in usb, or a nvme card (nvme pcie 2.0 ssd 2242 or 2230) compatible with pcie 3.0 4.0 and above but the speed is reduced A nvme samsung 2242 card of 500Go is about 50€ on the 2nd of august 2023. -usb stick : 10€ - rj45 cable: 5€ -Internet box or 4G modem according to your internet connection -solar pannel: here we use a flexible 120W pannel bougth 115€ brand new but we can find second hand ones at 30€ on leboncoin for an equivalente peak power. Note: for the theoretical need. See file autonomy.ods -second hand battery: use the previous lead acid battery of your car when it crashes when it's too hot in summer! -12V/24V-usb 5V battery converter: 20€ avoid amazon if you can - pwm regulator 30A: 30€ brand new if you dont buy corporate brand - DRL (day/night switch 13V): 1,5€ brand new (key word "Kit de feux de jour à LED pour voiture, contrôleur marche/arrêt automatique DRL" in french) -electric mc4 cable: 20€ Total second hand price for orangepi: 256,50€ Total brand new price for orangepi: 431,50€ Total second hand price for raspberry: 165€ See autonomie.ods - for raspberry: 165€ See autonomie.ods -)
- Light bottle cutter + (The piece of wood used in this tutorial is 22 x 2 x 2 cm. You can use one a bit larger but you do not need to use a longer one.)
- Solar coffee roaster + (The roaster is made of 3 different parts : *The roaster itself, using a salvage cement mixer *The solar parabola, which concentrates solar energy into the roaster *A mechanical part, which makes the roaster turn)
- Apple juice extractor + (This first stage is common to both machines. The first step is to break up the pallets to recover the wooden planks. You also need to collect screws and bolts. That's our only expense.)
- Batteries recovery + (This tutorial shows how to recover the bat … This tutorial shows how to recover the battery cells from a computer in order to create a new battery. Powered by a solar panel or by a USB port, it will allow you to light a LED lamp. The system works around three modules: * the energy reception module: the solar panel and its charge controller * the energy storage module: the battery * the module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator '''Energy Receiving Module: Photovoltaic Panel & Charge Controller''' The photovoltaic panel concentrates the energy of the sun. It allows to recover its energy in order to store it in the battery. But be careful, the amount of energy received by the panel is irregular depending on the time of day, the weather... It is important to install a charge/discharge regulator between the panel and the battery to protect it against overload, among other things. '''Energy storage module: the battery''' It is made of two lithium cells recovered from a computer. To put it in a nutshell, a battery is a bit like a box containing several batteries: each of them is a cell, a unit that supplies power to the device by electrochemical reaction. The cells found in computers are lithium cells. They all have the same capacity to store energy, but their capacity to deliver it is different for each. To make a battery from cells it is important that they all have the same capacity to deliver energy. It is therefore necessary to measure the capacity of each cell to compose homogeneous batteries. '''The module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator''' Our batterie delivers a 3.7V current and our LED lamps work with 12V. So we need to transform the cell's energy from 3.7V to 12V : thanks to the voltage regulator called DC/DC booster. A small screw on this module allows to regulate voltage. You can set it to 12V - or another voltage according to your LED's characteristics.r another voltage according to your LED's characteristics.)
- Solar lamp with reused lithium cells + (This tutorial shows how to recover compute … This tutorial shows how to recover computer cells to make a new battery. Powered by a solar panel, or by a USB port, it will allow you to light an LED lamp. The system works around three modules: * the energy reception module: the solar panel and its charge controller * the energy storage module: the battery * the module that gives back the energy: the LED lamp and its voltage regulator '''Energy Receiving Module: Photovoltaic Panel & Charge Controller''' The photovoltaic panel concentrates the energy of the sun. It allows to recover its energy in order to store it in the battery. But be careful, the amount of energy received by the panel is irregular depending on the time of day, the weather... it is important to install a charge/discharge regulator between the panel and the battery. This will be protected against overload, among other things. '''Energy storage module: the battery''' It is composed of two lithium cells recovered from a computer. To put it in a nutshell, a battery is a bit like a box containing several batteries: each of them is a cell, a unit that supplies power to the device by electrochemical reaction. The cells found in computers are lithium cells. They all have the same capacity to store energy, but their ability to make it is different for each. To form a battery from cells it is important that they all have the same ability to deliver energy. It is therefore necessary to measure the capacity of each cell to compose homogeneous batteries. '''Module that renders the energy: the LED lamp, the 5V USB port and its voltage converter''' Our battery supplies us with 3.7V power and the LED lamps we used operate at the same voltage. In addition, the USB ports provide a voltage of 5V. We therefore need to transform the cell energy from 3.7V to 5V: using a voltage converter called DC/DC booster3.7V to 5V: using a voltage converter called DC/DC booster)
- The how to of how to's + (''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, … ''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, SD cards, batteries, a tripod. Check before use the state of your tools : SD card with sufficient disk space, battery charged, etc. ''' 2 - Location of the movie''' Choose where does the action takes place, in order to have a good sound quality and good luminosity: - Indoor, beware of the lack of light and artificial lights, that will impact your video quality. Think of fridges, clocks as well, that could create parasite sounds. These will be disappointing for the spectator watching your video. - Outdoor, beware of backlighting and the lack of light. Concerning the sound, the wind is fatal. Protect your microphone and its exposure ! "In both cases:" - Be careful that no big light pits are in your field of view. - Avoid too big spaces, the backplane should rather be short. - Filming during the day is highly recommended. At night, you'll get granulas on your images. ''' 3 - Positionning of the camera''' In order to know where to place the camera, ask the actor what he's going to do at each step. It is therefore easy to place the camera without being annoyed with his hands. On the workbench should only be present the material used at the precise step. This permits not to be visually polluted. ''' 4 - Scenes''' "Dissect steps" : Film one scene per step, if possible. - Vary short and large scenes to air the video. - For explicative scenes (explanation of a step, of the context), prefer large scenes. - For active scenes (filming the action), prefer short scenes. - It is highly recommended to film two frames per action. - Head to foot framings are not recommended, prefer middle range frames or short frames. - When someone is speaking, do not "cut his head off" during framing. Let an empty space above him. - Avoid to place the person right in the center of the frame. Putting him on the side will bring dynamism to your scene. - Filming static scenes is highly recommended to avoir any shaking. - Put the camera on a tripod or on something static. ''' 5 - Focus''' For the focus, check whether the camera is on automatic or manual mode. - If it is on automatic, well check that the camera is focusing on the action and not on the person head. - If it is on manual, set the focus on the action before starting to film. ""Example"": "Here, I'm going to melt the white wire on the + pole...". We need here a close plane, we focus on the object to melt, and we check that our hands are not between the object and the camera when we film. ""Be careful"" : For tutos realized with smartphones, the difficulty is to realize static scenes. Put the phone on a stable, static place during the whole sequence. ''' 6 - Filming in order to edit the video''' - Don't tell yourself that mistakes can be rectified at video editing. - Avoid to film in black and white or vertically. - Launching the video recordings, let a dead time before action starts or discussion begins in order to facilitate video editing. - Make simple rushes for get an easy video edition. ''' 7 - Content''' The video content will tighly be linked to the written step by step. "Context video : (2 minutes)" - Present the low-tech and its economical, environmental, social or other interests. - Present an issue solved by the low-tech (problematic and solution) - Do not hesitate to start from a larger context to a local one, or even personal one. - It is important to choose with the speaker, what is going to be said. Le scene will be explicative, so prefer a large frame scene. - Add cut-scenes (action) for this part don't be only a monolog in front of the camera. Think as well to make action scenes "on the field", that will be in concordance with the context. "Fabrication video : (5-10 minutes)" Ask yourself which kind of video is preferable to realize. Notably when speaking of explanations : will they be voice-overed, lived, or subtitled ? - Beware of hands between the camera and the action. - Always keep in mind that everyone has to understand the action. For this, it can be interesting to explain : "I'm doing this action for this reason, with this material that I got at this place ..." - Do not forget to mention safety intructions. "Dissect the fabrication in several key-steps:" - The functioning: present the functioning principle of the low-tech - The material : materials and tools necessary for the fabrication - The fabrication : dissect every step, one scene for one action, and explain them precisely, speaking loud and articulating. - The use : scenes on its situation. - Advices : It is possible to finish the video giving some advices.e to finish the video giving some advices.)
- Parabolic solar cooker + (Use a rolling table, with a rectangular sheet that needs to be fixed with a drill and screws on the stand to place the tube that will support the parabolic dish later.)
- Electrically-assisted bicycle + (Video source : <u>https://www.youtub … Video source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nikYUAnj7F0 Dismantling the hoverboard will depend on the brand and type of hoverboard. The instructions and images that follow are general but there may be details that vary. First of all, you need to remove the plastic shell that encloses all the electronic components. '''Note:''' Be careful with any wires connected to the plastic shells, such as the charging wire. See image 1 a basic diagram of the inside of a hoverboard. Unplug the cables and mark where they are connected, using marked tape if possible. In particular, keep the charging cable to one side and mark where it is connected on the motherboard. Carefully remove the battery after disconnecting it from the motherboard and removing the wires from the central cylindrical area. Keep the battery (1) (see image 3) as it will be used to power the bike's electric assistance motor. '''Caution! ''' The battery is the most dangerous electronic component of the hoverboard. Any risk of impact, particularly with sharp objects, must be avoided. If the battery is damaged (tears, holes, etc.) or appears swollen, it must not be used, as there is a risk of explosion or flame. The motherboard is an important element to keep to enable the battery to be recharged. You need to locate the "Charging socket" (2) on the charging cable you put aside earlier. Next, remove the "Sensor" boards (see image 2) to gain access to the motor mountings. At least one of the blocks of 4 screws needs to be unscrewed with an Allen key to obtain the motorised wheel that will drive the bicycle wheel (see image 4). It is possible to keep the fixing system to make it easier to attach the wheel to the bike.e fixing system to make it easier to attach the wheel to the bike.)
- Serveur orangepi-raspberry nextcloud en photovoltaïque autonome + (Voir images)
- Ram pump + ( #When priming, water flowing into the inl … #When priming, water flowing into the inlet line flows into the weir through the primary valve. #The acceleration of the water causes the primary valve to close suddenly. #The water column is suddenly braked and generates an overpressure in the pump casing (water hammer), which opens the internal valve. #Under the effect of this overpressure, water flows into the balloon (and the discharge duct), compressing the air volume until the pressures are balanced. #The pressure reversal closes the internal valve. #The water trapped under pressure in the balloon empties into the discharge line until the pressures are balanced (determined by the height of the pipe). #The closing of the internal valve has caused the pressure to drop, so the primary valve opens again. A new cycle begins.... Without accident, this process is perpetually renewed as long as it is supplied with water. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsCaMW7L2yI Video explanations] com/watch?v=hsCaMW7L2yI Video explanations] )
- All-surface degreasing cleaner + (
*'''White vinegar''': White vinegar, othe …
*'''White vinegar''': White vinegar, otherwise known as spirit vinegar, crystal. It is a 100% natural and biodegradable product with a '''pH between 3.5 and 5 (acid) with approximately 12% alcohol''', obtained by macerating an aqueous solution of at least 6% acetic acid (often from beet ethanol). It evaporates naturally without posing any risk (apart from a slight and temporary irritation of the throat and eyes if you are in a small space). Cost : ~ 0.40€/L, prefer to buy in the food vinegar section (avoid the household section as it is often more expensive and flavoured). Properties: [https://planetezerodechet.fr/bienfaits-du-vinaigre-blanc-nettoyant-zero-dechet/ More info and G culture here]
**Degreaser,
**Deodorising,
**Conservative (thanks to the acidic pH),
**Antiseptic, disinfectant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal (thanks to the acid pH)
**Descaler / anti-scale (the acid reacts with the scale to make it disappear in an acid-base reaction causing heat and CO2 bubbles),
**Corrosive for limestone surfaces (and damages wood in high doses).
*'''Sodium bicarbonate''': also known as sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, monosodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, soda, baking soda or natrum bicarbonatum. A fine white powder similar to table salt or talc with a '''pH of 8-8.5 (base)'''. Made from limestone and salt, bicarbonate is naturally present in the body and is harmless to health. Does not give off any fumes, does not evaporate. Properties: cleans, scours and deodorises. It dissolves grease and proteins responsible for stains. It prevents the proliferation of bacteria and softens hard water. [https://planetezerodechet.fr/bienfaits-bicarbonate-de-soude-menage-zero-dechet/ More info and G culture here] Cost : ~3-4 euros/kg Here we'll be using household bicarbonate (cheaper than baking soda, but if you only have baking soda for food or cosmetics on hand it works very well).
. ate for each use: for cosmetic use, use only food/cosmetic bicarbonate and for food use, use ONLY food grade bicarbonate</div> </div><br/>. ) - Wind turbine + ('''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the moto … '''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the motor 2 - Motor axis 3 - Preparing the rotor blades 4 - Aileron and base for rotor blades 5 - Assembly '''Electric circuit''' 1 - Rectifiers 2 - Capacitors 3 - tension stabilizer 4 - Connecting the USB port Motor protection Connecting the USB port Motor protection)
- Fermented foods - alternatives to animal proteins + (You don't have to work in a sterile field … You don't have to work in a sterile field when it comes to fermentation, but it is crucial to be as clean as possible. Work on a clean work surface (if necessary/possible sanitised with white vinegar or alcohol). Use clean utensils and containers, washed in hot water (or put in the dishwasher), handle with clean hands and wipe with a CLEAN tea towel... of course. wipe with a CLEAN tea towel... of course.)
- 3D filament extruder + (You'll need a 50cm x 70cm board. Required thickness 10mm.)
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