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Liste de résultats
- Kombucha fabric + (The fabric is ready ! You can also dye, cut, sew, print on your SCOBY fabric. This is only the beginning!)
- Setting up a Local Community + ("Hello, is there anyone here?" Some convi … "Hello, is there anyone here?" Some convinced people may have already started to work together to spread the low-tech approach in your region. How can you find them? Our directory can help you search for what is existing near you. If not, there may be a Facebook group like "Low-tech Gironde" or even "Low-tech Lab Grenoble" with the name of your locality. If it doesn't exist, don't hesitate to create it! - [https://lowtechlab.org/fr/les-outils/annuaire Directory of low-tech Actors] - [https://www.facebook.com/groups/1192299394158466 Low-tech Lab France Facebook Group] Beyond social networks, talk about it to your friends, colleagues and other associations, the grain of low-tech may already be present in other people.ch may already be present in other people.)
- Moteur Stirling + (voilà, vous avez maintenant des ressources … voilà, vous avez maintenant des ressources web pour fabriquer un moteur stirling, des pistes pour faire des recherches sur les fabricants de moteurs stirlings performants, une methodo pour tester et verifier les vitesses de rotation de moins de 3600 tours/minutes dans un contexte numérique de flicage surveillance et entrave, une idée pour des moteurs à concentration à base de concentrateurs dynamiques. Pour un algo de suivi du soleil, vous pouvez reprendre du code ici: [[Dimensionner et faire un tracker solaire photovolatïque low tech]] Cependant, un dispositif à base de 4 celulles photoelectriques et un petit circuit electronique de recherche de maximum par rotation/entrainement d'un moteur pourrait avantageusement remplacer le codage en dur et s'adapter à toutes les latitudes et longitudes. J'ai aussi le soucis du sabotage des concentrateurs (rayures, reflecteur décollés) assez vite, mais je suis sur que vous trouverez des parades à ça aussi!que vous trouverez des parades à ça aussi!)
- Stirling Engine + (Here i pass you the ball
First, we need t … Here i pass you the ball
First, we need to think about a concentrator that follows the sun dynamically during the day based on its position (the variables are date and time and possibly latitude and longitude)
and more importantly: that is able to gather and send sunlight rays concentrated to a fixed point at any time during the day
Then, we can imagine 1 thing based on several concentrators of distinct diameters adapted to a varying sunlight
We then have an infinite source of renewable energy, transportable that will work with a range of sunlight with a tresholds
We can even imagine 1 society where machines dont run when there's not enough sunlight, but this is science fiction
To give some landmarks, the biggest one piece mirrors we are currently able to make are telescope mirrors of 30m diameter
Telescope mirrors of 5m to 10m are more common for big telescopes
Im not a specialist, just a democratiser/populariser concerned with climate change
and the rise of facism
Therefore and at this time of my experiment, I'm wondering about two practical aspects for an everyday us
to stop the engine (you dont only need to stop injection)
for longer use: keep the cold source cold enough and long enough without oversizing the power on the hot source input (for a high performance deltaT or ratio)
And because at a time of looming facism rising in many countries, we must stop auto censorship to talk politics when speaking in one own's name
1 government that would take seriously climate change would have long ago put
stirling engine at exams, encouraged consortiums to work on that,
and created mixed groups of engineers, technicians, diy workers without diplomas from different territories to work on this type of questions!
Scientific knowledge is contextual of epochs and this is not only in spatial engineering (going on the moon)
we have lost knowledge. If lobbies prevent from putting forgotten reliable and robust techniques at the agenda ,
it's politics role to create necessary incentives!
ole to create necessary incentives! <br/>) - Spirulina-growing pond + (For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust … For ergonomics, it is necessary to adjust the height of the basin to the worker's size. The basin is 30 centimeters high. In our case the bottom of the basin is one meter above the ground. When calculating the height of the legs, the thickness of the low and high frames must also be taken into account. * Make 4 legs with half-rafters, * Place the corner legs aligned with the corners of the bottom frame, * Install four central legs, of a single half-rafter, facing each stiffener of the low frame, * Place a bracket about 30 cm between each center leg and its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.its bottom frame stiffener, four in total.)
- Spirulina farming + ( * Screw a white plastic cap at the end of a ruler or a plastic or wooden rod of about 20 centimeters, * Scale the stem from 0 to about ten centimeters, with the 0 at the level of the cap. )
- Cuir de kombucha + (- Quel thé dois-je utiliser ? Vert, noir, … - Quel thé dois-je utiliser ? Vert, noir, rouge, rouge, blanc, arc-en-ciel, aromatisé ou non, n'importe quel thé que vous aimez. - Qu'est-ce que "The Starter" ? C'est le liquide de culture dans lequel vous faites pousser votre Scoby. Lorsque vous lancez un nouvelle culture, vous pouvez ajouter du démarreur dans votre nouveau liquide de culture pour faire croître votre Scoby plus rapidement. - Le Scoby produit du gaz ? C'est le signe d'une bonne fermentation ! Si vous laissez les bulles, votre bébé Scoby sera déformé en grandissant. Il faudra étaler votre bébé Scoby régulièrement pour s'en débarrasser. - Quelle est la meilleure température à cultiver ? La température idéale est de 25°C. Sous cette température, la croissance sera un peu plus lente. Évitez une température inférieure à 17°C, cela prendrait trop de temps. - Quelle est la meilleure température de séchage ? La température idéale est de 25°C. Sous cette température, le séchage sera plus lent. Une bonne ventilation est la deuxième condition pour un séchage efficace. - Doit-on le faire grandir dans des conditions stériles ? Pas nécessairement, mais vous devriez vous laver les mains et tous les outils avant de commencer. - Quelle devrait être la taille du réservoir de culture ? Un contenant de format 17x20x6cm de profondeur minimum pour une préparation de 220 cl....D'après la spécialiste Suzanne Lee ! On peut également utiliser des plateaux en plastique (56 x 77 x 17 cm) pour des préparations de 8 à 10 litres. - Est-ce que la culture sent mauvais ? C'est un processus de fermentation. Une légère odeur de vinaigre se dégage, tout dépend de la sensibilité de chacun ! tout dépend de la sensibilité de chacun !)
- Lacto-Fermented Preserves + (<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy"> * Peel and wash the vegetables carefully * Depending on preference, grate or cut them into dice or strips. * Leave those vegetables which are usually left whole as they are, following washing (e.g green beans). </div>)
- Participative Sciences : Indoor Biopony + (<div class="icon-instructions idea-icon …
'''Cleat A''' * Take a 2400 x 18 x 44 mm cleat (standard in DIY stores). * Cut the cleat into 4 parts, according to the dimensions shown in the diagram (see photo). '''Cleat B''' * Use a 2400 x 18 x 44 mm cleat (standard in DIY stores). * Cut 2 pieces, each 1000 mm long''' * Use a 2400 x 18 x 44 mm cleat (standard in DIY stores). * Cut 2 pieces, each 1000 mm long) - Linocut + (Collect the fabric you want to customize.)
- Bike tire belt + (Cut the part of the tire which will constitute the belt,</u>to the desired length, taking a model from an old belt or taking its waist measurement and adding approximately 15 cm.)
- Warmer + (Here are the quantities for one warmer ! T … Here are the quantities for one warmer ! The mass of vinegar depends on its concentration.
===Quantité pour une chaufferette===
===Quantity for one warmer===
35g baking soda
These values are approximate. You can find out how to calculate them in the theoretical sections. NB: The density of vinegar is very close to that of water, 1kg for 1L.gt;</tr><tr> <td>14 </td><td>180 </td><td>180 </td></tr><tr> <td>16 </td><td>155 </td><td>155 </td></tr></table> These values are approximate. You can find out how to calculate them in the theoretical sections. NB: The density of vinegar is very close to that of water, 1kg for 1L.)Concentration of vinegar [%] Mass of vinegar [g] Approximate volume of vinegar [mL] 6 415 415 8 315 315 10 250 250 12 210 210 14 180 180 16 155 155 - Boissons fermentées - Kéfir, kombucha et vinaigres + (Les grains de kéfir sont une association d … Les grains de kéfir sont une association de plusieurs types de bactéries et de levures dans des petites structures de cellulose en forme de grains. Ce sont des ferments assez fragile, il convient donc d'en prendre soin et de faire attention à ne pas les stresser (éviter les ustensils en métal, de les rincer ou de les laisser trop longtemps sans nouvelle fermentation). Les kéfirs de lait sont des cousins des kéfir d’eau, ils ne fermentent que des produits laitiers animaux (normalement) et sont plus blancs, parfois avec une allure un peu gluante. Le kéfir d'eau fermente les boissons à base d'eau et de jus de légumes/fruits, ainsi que les laits végétaux. Pour travailler avec du kéfir, le plus simple et le mieux est de s’en faire donner puisqu'ils se multiplient assez vite. Pour les conserver on les garde dans un peu de lait au frigo, et si possible on change le lait toutes les semaines. Pour les kéfirs d'eau/de fruits la conservation se fait dans un peu d'eau sucrée. Pas besoin de rincer les grains à l’eau avant de les activer, au contraire cela les fragilise. '''Il est inutile de stériliser quoi que ce soit pour préparer son kéfir mais il faut veiller à bien nettoyer tous les ustensiles et ses mains.''' '''Règle cruciale''' : ne pas utiliser de métal avec les grains de kéfir (de lait ou d’eau) car l’acide produit par les grains va ioniser le métal et une fois en contact avec le grain ceci peut le tuer ! Donc bois, plastique ou inox (mais du vrai bon inox, les plaquages s’abimant avec le temps).vrai bon inox, les plaquages s’abimant avec le temps).)
- Dimensionner une installation photovoltaïque autonome + (Il s'agit dans un premier temps d'estimer … Il s'agit dans un premier temps d'estimer votre consommation électrique. Pour cela, il convient de prendre en compte les bonnes échelles temporelles: consommation moyenne d'une part, mais aussi les variations journalières (la consommation selon l'heure de la journée) et saisonnières (la consommation en hiver et en été). Cet exercice est intéressant à la fois pour dimensionner adéquatement la production, mais aussi pour penser comment réduire sa consommation. Par exemple, il est aberrant de chauffer avec des radiateurs éléctriques si votre source d'énergie est uniquement photovoltaïque. Un autre exemple est le chauffe-eau électrique qui consomme des quantités conséquentes d'énergie qui sont relativement linéaires du nombres de douches chaudes que vous prenez et qui peuvent interroger la source d'énergie pertinente pour chauffer votre eau ou le nombre de douches pertinents pour une production non fossile (on pourra utilement s'interroger sur l'opportunité de basculer sur une source d'énergie solaire thermique et/ou chauffer au bois ou au biogaz) NB: pour une douche de 10min à 40°C, il faut environ 3kWh, soit environ le biomethane générable par les fientes journalieres d'une centaine de poules (en ordre de grandeur) Pour mesurer votre consommation, vous pouvez utiliser votre compteur electrique. Vous pouvez ainsi mesurer votre consommation journalière mais aussi la consommation horaire de chaque appareil électrique (le plus simple étant d'enlever le fusible au compteur de tous les appareils électriques qu'on veut sortir de la mesure).ectriques qu'on veut sortir de la mesure).)
- Micro gasifier stove + (1 - On the bottom of the box (2), mark the … 1 - On the bottom of the box (2), mark the location of about fifteen holes distributed over the entire surface. In the upper part of the box (2), mark the location of about ten holes, evenly distributed around the can. 2 - Then drill at the marked locations with a 7 mm drill bit (or with the hammer and nail).m drill bit (or with the hammer and nail).)
- Aliments fermentés - kéfir de laits végétaux et fromages vegan + (Les laits végétaux ne sont pas des laits a … Les laits végétaux ne sont pas des laits animaux et donc ne sont pas adaptés à la consommation par de jeunes enfants pour remplacer le lait maternel ou les laitages pendant leur forte croissance. '''Les laits végétaux peuvent être intéressants car ils ne contiennent pas de lactose, de cholestérol, de caséine ou de gluten (selon les graines pour le gluten) et qu’ils peuvent facilement être préparés à la maison, avec une empreinte écologique bien plus faible que le lait animal.''' Certaines graines nécessitent d’être trempées et rincées avant d’en faire du lait, cette étape est importante car permet l’élimination de certains toxines et antinutriments (éléments bloquant l’absorption de certains nutriments), ne pas chercher à consommer cette eau de trempage ! Il n'est pas nécessaire de travailler dans un champ stérile lorsqu'il s'agit de fermentation mais il est crucial d'être le plus propre possible. Travaillez sur un plan de travail nettoyé (si besoin/possible aseptisé au vinaigre blanc ou à l'alcool). Utilisez des ustensiles et récipients propres, lavés à l'eau chaude (ou passés au lave-vaisselle), manipulez avec des mains propres et essuyez-les avec un torchon PROPRE... bien entendu. Pour la réalisations de produits laitiers au kéfir je vous invite à consulter les tutoriels suivants afin de mieux comprendre comment le kéfir de lait et d'eau agissent : * Pour le fonctionnement de base des kéfirs d'eau et de lait : [[Boissons fermentées - Kéfir, kombucha et vinaigres]] * Pour l'utilisation du kéfir de lait dans des produits laitiers animaux : [[Aliments fermentés - produits laitiers animaux maison]]son]])
- Thermosyphon Solar Water Heater + (Our system has no pumping system. The wate … Our system has no pumping system. The water circulation is only done thanks to a thermodynamic phenomenon called '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosiphon thermosiphon]'''.
The principle of the thermosiphon system is that cold water has a higher density than hot water because it is more compact. It is therefore heavier and sinking. However, all systems tend towards a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. There is a movement called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convective_heat_transfer thermal convection] to mix hot and cold water.
For this reason, the solar collector is always mounted underneath the water storage tank, so that the cold water from the tank reaches the collector via a downhill water pipe. When the water in the collector heats up, the hot water rises naturally, pushed up by the cold water and returns to the tank. The cycle tank -> water pipe -> collector heats the water until it reaches an equilibrium temperature. The consumer can then use the hot water from the top of the tank.
e the hot water from the top of the tank. <br/>) - Black Soldier Fly breeding + (The breeding environment can be made with … The breeding environment can be made with various materials. For the prototype of the boat for example, we built a wooden box in which we put a plastic bin containing the waste and larvae (See photo). For example, you can use a plastic drum cut on top, or a simple plastic box. '''For the construction:''' '''1. Preparation of the boards''' *Using an electric or hand saw, cut the 6 boards to the right lengths *Sand the boards *Apply an undercoat on all sides of the boards and allow to dry *Apply a coat of wood paint and let it dry *Apply a coat of varnish (optional) and let it dry '''2. Assembly of the box''' *Using the angles and screws, assemble the boards on the bottom of the box *Using angles and screws, connect the different sides of the box *Cut out cleats to strengthen the inside of the box and attach the lid to it. *Using screws, fix the cleats on the upper part of the walls *Prepare the cover by installing hinges. *Install the cover on the box and fix the hinges '''3. Preparation of the waste box''' If the sides of your waste bin are not very high, it may be useful to put an additional barrier against larvae escape *Pass an old used inner tube all around your tray and leave a part coming out towards the inside *Staple the inner tube to the tray *Place the tray at the bottom of the box and stick it against one side '''4. Preparation of the slope''' *Cut the board in the shape of a trapezoid so that it forms a ramp when placed on the waste and joins the edge of the box at an angle of less than 45 degrees *Cut cleats to fit the external shapes of the ramp *Secure them with screws on the ramp '''5. Installation of the ramp ''' To facilitate maintenance, we put the ramp on a hinge to be able to lift it up and easily remove the bin from the waste *Install a hinge on the lower part of the ramp *Attach the hinge to the box '''6. Cutting of the holes on the box''' In order to allow the entry of flies and the exit of larvae, holes must be drilled on the sides of the box. For larvaes: *Measure the location where the ramp arrives and count 2cm high for the opening *Using a drill, make holes at the 4 ends of your opening *Using a saw, connect these holes to create an opening For the flies *On the sides of the box, drill with a hole saw about ten openings of 5cm in diameter '''7. Placing of the larvae collection box''' *Using screws, fix the plastic box under the larvae exit slot '''8. Laying supports (if no separate aviary)''' *Cut out pieces of cardboard boxes that are 10cm by 5cm thick. *Assemble 4 pieces with string *Attach two screws to the cleats at both ends of the box *Hang a string on these screws *Hang the egg-laying supports on the string so that they are as close as possible to the waste '''The general recommendations for the design of the living environment are :''' - Size your waste bin according to your weekly volume. Indeed, it is not necessary to have a too thick layer of substrate so it is better to be able to spread out your waste rather than stack it. - Drill holes so that female flies can come and lay eggs inside. - Place the egg-laying supports above the waste, as close as possible. These can be made of honeycomb cardboard or wooden planks separated by a pin (a gap must be left in which the flies will lay their eggs). During hatching, the larvae will fall directly into the waste. - Have a well sealed waste box to prevent larvae from escaping in case of lack of food. - Put a ramp for the exit of the larvae. It can be inclined up to 45 degrees but prefer a softer slope. As larvae tend to follow the edges of the box to find the exit, it may be good if the ramp is the full width of the box. - Avoid the ventilation holes on top to protect the substrate as much as possible from rain. On the pictures, you can see the plans of the system we had validated and that works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below. works on the boat. The fly inlet/outlet holes on the top have been plugged and the aviary attached to the cover has been changed to a separate aviary, see below.)
- Improved Stove - Patsari Model + (The dimensions may be adapted.)
- Norwegian pot super-efficient fabric + (This type of Norwegian pot can be adapted … This type of Norwegian pot can be adapted to all shapes and sizes of stewpot, so we're talking about maximum capacity rather than size.
''To increase the capacity a little or to take into account a large handle (pressure cooker type), I advise you to play with the size of the lid rather than the rest.''
t;/td><td>8 litres </td><td>21 cm </td><td>55 cm </td><td>45 cm </td><td>16 cm </td><td>1.9 to 2.3 kg </td></tr><tr> <td>'''3''' </td><td>12 Litres </td><td>28 cm </td><td>55 cm </td><td>45 cm </td><td>16 cm </td><td>2.2 to 2.5 kg </td></tr></table>)Size Maximum capacity 1- Pillow radius 2- Radius cutting 3- Radius interior 4- Centre radius Quantity of wool washed '''1''' 3 Litres 17 cm 43 cm 35 cm 12 cm 0.9 to 1.2 kg '''2''' 8 litres 21 cm 55 cm 45 cm 16 cm 1.9 to 2.3 kg '''3''' 12 Litres 28 cm 55 cm 45 cm 16 cm 2.2 to 2.5 kg - Biodiesel + (Before it can be converted, the used oil m … Before it can be converted, the used oil must be filtered first in order to remove any possible food residues (fries, doughnuts...). We recommend you let the oil settle for a few days. An initial filtration must be carried out to get rid of the biggest particles (e.g.: with a double cotton sheet or a sock...). Then pour the oil into a 5µm maximum filter bag (the finer the better) above the clean canister, prepared beforehand.e the clean canister, prepared beforehand.)
- Domestic mealworm farming + ('' 'Beginning of breeding' '' Upon receip … '' 'Beginning of breeding' '' Upon receipt of the mealworms, they can be placed in a plastic container with the flour and carrots. '''Food''' Insects are used to a dry environment, their food should be checked weekly. If you want to consume the insects, you will have to give them human food (no peeling). Worms eat flour and vegetables (they are crazy about carrots). '' 'The Mealworm Cycle' '' The worm will mutate into an adult, the adults will lay eggs, and the cycle begins again! Before its transformation, the worm stores as much protein as possible. '' 'Appearance of adults' '' Once the first adults are present, keep in mind that there will be small eggs in the tray with adults. It is necessary to have 3 bins: - 1 tray containing nymphs, adults, adult eggs and cardboard - 1 tray containing the larvae, adults can stay a maximum of 1 week in this tray (to avoid having eggs in this tray) - 1 empty bin for transfers maintenance The maintenance of the bins is carried out with each sorting of insects. The flour trays can be changed every month. The flour in the adult container should be stored for 4 weeks, in order to collect the larvae from the eggs.order to collect the larvae from the eggs.)
- 200W Wind Turbine + ( * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95m … * Choose a plank of dimension minimum 95mm x 35mm '''Notes''': 1) The wood should be imputrescible, light-weighted and easy to work with. For example, red cedar, Oregon pine, spruce, larch, douglas fir may be suitable. 2) For this tutorial, the section of the red cedar plank is 150mm x 45mm. 3) The parameter which determines the energy transmitted by the wind at the propeller is the length of the blade and not it’s breadth. *With the help of the blade pattern, '''lower side visible''', mark the location for the first blade. '''Notes''': 1) Put the knots and defects of the wood at the end of the blade, so that the thinnest part does not become fragile (middle-end of the blade). 2) Select the leading edge ridge as neatly as possible. This ridge will not be altered during the cutting of the blade. 3) Extend the blade tip pattern by 4-5 cm to maintain a margin in case of damage. * Do the same for the 2 other blades and cut the blades. '''Note''': When using a circular saw for cutting, be careful to place the width of the blade always on the outside of the line. * Rectify the left of the blades if necessary with the help of a plane. * Fix the 3 blades together with the help of the clamps and equalize all the irregular planes. All the 3 blades needs to be strictly identical. * Mark the position of the leading edge ridge for it to stay where it is. It will be its landmark. stay where it is. It will be its landmark. )
- Thermal curtain - prototype 2 + ( *Clean the remaining milk cartons thoroughly. *Flatten the bricks so that there are no creases. *Cut the brick as shown in the photo. *Remove the outer layer of the brick so that a little cardboard remains (be careful not to tear the brick). )
- Fanny pack kakemono design + (Copy the attached pattern onto the coloured part of the kakemono (unlike the photo in the tutorial). Then cut out the different parts using scissors. Pattern inspired by the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tS9vXfhAzlU&feature=youtu.be)
- Face mask for coronavirus - Quick version + (Cut out 1 or 2 or 3 rectangles (depending … Cut out 1 or 2 or 3 rectangles (depending on the fabric combination chosen) measuring 20x28 cm. Layer them inside out. Stop the edge threads with the serger, or if you don't have one, with a simple sewing machine, using the zig-zag stitch. Depending on fabric elasticity, adapt zig-zag stitch sizes. First test it on a scrap of fabric.sizes. First test it on a scrap of fabric.)
- Dimensionner la récupération d'eau de pluie pour être autonome + (Dans ce tuto, on utilise des données météo … Dans ce tuto, on utilise des données météos synop disponibles ici :
http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/ dont vous trouverez la description ici:
http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/doc_parametres_synop_168.pdf
Vous pouvez également les télécharger sur le site de Meteo France:
https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/?fond=produit&id_produit=90&id_rubrique=32
Télécharger tous les fichiers csv des années et mois à partir desquels vous souhaitez que les calculs soient effectués, placer les dans un repertoire de votre choix et dezipper les (format archive gz). Placer également dans ce répertoire le fichier processing.py contenant le code partagé dans ce tutoriel.
Exemple en ligne de commande linux debian pour télécharger et dézipper tous les csv de l'année 2020 dans un repertoire ~/synop:
(Dans la suite du tutoriel on utilise toutes les données des années 2010 à 2020)
cd ~
mkdir -p synop && cd synop
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202001.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202001.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202002.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202002.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202003.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202003.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202004.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202004.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202005.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202005.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202006.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202006.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202007.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202007.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202008.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202008.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202009.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202009.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202010.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202010.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202011.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202011.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202012.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202012.csv.gz
Pour utiliser python sous un autre os que linux, débrouillez vous avec vos daubes propriétaires intrusives.
Sous linux, python est généralement installé et pour utiliser le code partagé dans
ce tuto, il suffira de copier coller le code dans un fichier processing.py puis entrer
python processing.py
Cependant, il faut installer la librairie pandas qui est très largement utilisé
dans le monde de la finance et dans le monde scientifique, notamment pour sa
gestion efficace des séries temporelles et sa capacité de vectorisation des données.
Pour cela voici les commandes à entrer dans linux debian avant de lancer le
script processing.py pour être tranquille:
sudo apt install python3 python3-venv python3-pip python-is-python3
cd ~ && python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install pandas
Penser ensuite à activer l'environnement virtuel dans lequel est installé
pandas chaque fois que vous utilisez le script (apres un reboot ou si vous
fermez et reouvrez votre terminal) en lançant la commande:
cd ~ && source venv/bin/activate
Nous sommes en 2024 et si vous êtes cibles d'entraves anti éco-terroristes
de psychopathes comme moi, et en bon scientifique qui se respecte vous
inspectez vos instruments de mesures avant de les utiliser, vous pouvez
inspectez le code source de pandas qui est évidemment logiciel libre ici :
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas , ou vous pouvez faire l'hypothèse
discutable qu'on peut avoir confiance dans un logiciel aussi massivement
utilisé dans le monde de la finance et de la science.
Python reposant sur des librairies C pour un certains nombres d'opérations
de base, le hack, y compris le hack scientifique, n'est jamais impossible
mais on laissera de coté ces considérations pro-lowtech qui n'entrent pas
dans le champ de réflexion de ce tutoriel.uments de mesures avant de les utiliser, vous pouvez <br />inspectez le code source de pandas qui est évidemment logiciel libre ici : <br />https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas , ou vous pouvez faire l'hypothèse <br />discutable qu'on peut avoir confiance dans un logiciel aussi massivement <br />utilisé dans le monde de la finance et de la science.<br /><br />Python reposant sur des librairies C pour un certains nombres d'opérations <br />de base, le hack, y compris le hack scientifique, n'est jamais impossible <br />mais on laissera de coté ces considérations pro-lowtech qui n'entrent pas <br />dans le champ de réflexion de ce tutoriel.) - Butter churn + (Drill the holes in the cover as shown in the photo.)
- Plastic bottle cutter + (Drill two holes in the board. In these two … Drill two holes in the board. In these two holes are bolted bolts, around which are inserted washers. A cutter blade is disposed between the washers. With this device, we can cut plastic bottles to transform them into yarn of adjustable thickness (the thickness of the yarn is modified with the height of the cutter blade). On the system used here, the dimensions are slightly different. The manufacturing remains exactly the same, but the dimensions given in this tutorial are optimized compared to those shown in the photos.zed compared to those shown in the photos.)
- Worm Compost Bins + (Drill with drill bit to make the hole for the valve tap and fit the stainless ball or butterfly valvetap (1/2” inch or 3/4” inch) with hydraulic fittings. The tap should be approximately 5-10cm from the bottom of the barrel.)
- Worm Compost Bins + (Drill with drill bit to make the hole for the valve tap and fit the stainless ball or butterfly valvetap (1/2” inch or 3/4” inch) with hydraulic fittings. The tap should be approximately 5-10cm from the bottom of the barrel.)
- Boissons fermentées - Kéfir, kombucha et vinaigres + (Il n'est pas nécessaire de travailler dans … Il n'est pas nécessaire de travailler dans un champ stérile lorsqu'il s'agit de fermentation mais il est crucial d'être le plus propre possible. Travaillez sur un plan de travail nettoyé (si besoin/possible aseptisé au vinaigre blanc ou à l'alcool). Utilisez des ustensiles et récipients propres, lavés à l'eau chaude (ou passés au lave-vaisselle), manipulez avec des mains propres et essuyez-les avec un torchon PROPRE... bien entendu.es avec un torchon PROPRE... bien entendu.)
- Made-to-measure mosquito net + (First of all, you need to '''measure the s … First of all, you need to '''measure the size of your window'''. You need to measure the '''empty space''', i.e. the '''smallest opening''', where you can put your hand.
To do this, use a tape measure to measure the '''height/length''' and '''width''' of the window, as shown in the diagram.
the tutorial, without it you won't be able to make a mosquito net</div> </div><br/>) - Offgrid photovoltaic installation sizing + (Firstly we need to estimate your electric … Firstly we need to estimate your electric consumption To do that, we need to take into account the correct temporal scales: mean consumption on the one hand, but also daily variations (consumtion variations according to day time) and seasonal variations (consumption in winter and in summer for example). This exercise is not only interesting for sizing adequately the production, but also to think how to reduce your consumption. For example, it is absurd to heat up with electric heater if your main source of energy is photovoltaic. Another example is the water heater that consumes consequent quantities of energy which are relatively linear to the number of hot showers you take and that can question the relevant source of energy to heat up your water or the number of showers adequate for a non fossil production (we can usefully wonder how to switch to a thermic solar source of energy and /or heat up with wood or biogaz) NB: for a shower of 10min at 40°C, you approximately need 3kWh, so approximately the biomethane generated daily by 100 hen's poo (order of magnitude) To measure your consumption, you can use your electric meter. Thus, you can measure your daily consumption but alos the horary consumption of every electrical device (the simpler is to remove the electric fuse of all devices you dont want to measure) of all devices you dont want to measure))
- Dimensionner et faire un tracker solaire photovolatïque low tech + (On va fixer une potence sur la partie fixe … On va fixer une potence sur la partie fixe du porte plaque qui tourne avec l'axe vertical, afin d'y fixer une tige sur laquelle on fixera le verin qui pourra tourner avec l'axe vertical afin d'ajuster l'angle sur l'axe horizontal. On commence par fixer la potence en metal en la soudant à la partie fixe vis à vis de l'axe vertical. Il faut bien poncer la peinture avant de faire la soudure. (voir photo). On fait ici une soudure à l'arc. On perce ensuite une tige en metal qu'on vient boulonner à la potence (voir photo). On perce et on fixe également une tige en métal qu'on vient boulonner à la partie mobile qui ajuste l'angle sur l'axe horizontal, cad les "bras" qui permettent de porter la plaque ou le module photovoltaïque (voir photo). On fixe ensuite le verin aux deux tiges en métal. Le verin est équipé de fixations avec des chevilles qui permettent de "suivre" l'angle pris par les tiges sur lesquelles il est fixé. (voir photo) Remarquez qu'on a pris une tige en métal en angle droit afin d'éviter que cette fixation soit entièrement libre. Elle vient buter sur une partie de la tige, ce qui permet par la suite d'étaloner plus précisément l'amplitude du verin. On teste ensuite la course du verin. Il faudra faire attention, car on arrive sur la butée du porte plaque à une avancée du verin d'environ 40cm et ce modèle a une course de 50cm. (voir photos)modèle a une course de 50cm. (voir photos))
- Haybox or fireless cooker made of a wool blanket + ( * Fold the blanket into thirds and check … * Fold the blanket into thirds and check that this is enough to enclose your stewpot. * Cut the blanket into three squares of equal size * With the rest, cut two squares the width of the stewpot * Sew these two small pieces in top of each other at the centre of one of the larger squares to make a double base for the stewpot * Overlay the three large squares on top of each other * Sew them together by hand around the edges Sew them together by hand around the edges )
- Fermented drinks - Homemade sodas + (For 1 l of ginger ale : *1 l of non chlor … For 1 l of ginger ale : *1 l of non chlorinated water *50 gr of sugar *50 gr of fresh peeled and thinly chopped ginger *5 cl of lemon juice *5 cl of ginger bug (filtered liquid only) This dosage of ginger is indicative and results in a slightly spicy beverage. The lemon juice only adds flavour and takes no part in the fermentation process. #Fill a pot with water, ginger and lemon juice and sugar. Bring to boil until the sugar is dissolved. #Remove from heat and decant in a 1.5 l jar. Let cool at room temperature. #Add the ginger bug (don't forget to put back as much water as you took in the ginger bug, with a pinch of sugar). #Close hermetically and let ferment for 2-5 depending on the room temperature. #Filter and put in a bottle (a glass bottle with joint and metal lid or a plastic soda bottle). #Use within 2-3 days if kept at room temperature or under 2 weeks if kept in the fridge.re or under 2 weeks if kept in the fridge.)
- Solar desalinator + (For this model, the chosen floor area is 1 … For this model, the chosen floor area is 110 cm horizontal by 66 cm vertical. The wooden battens used have a section of 44 mm by 22 mm. The thickness of the frame is 44 mm. The frame is assembled with screws. At about 10 centimeters from the bottom of the frame, a cleat is added, as can be seen in the picture. It makes it possible to stiffen the frame, to stretch the sheet and to separate the freshwater and seawater parts (no risk of salt contamination).ter parts (no risk of salt contamination).)
- Simple wooden bike trolley - hand tools only - back wheel attachment + (Here, we collect materials before adapting … Here, we collect materials before adapting the plan to what we find. At the local charity store, I found a bunch of single bed slates and a wooden board - 9€ I talked with someone who fixes second-hand bikes and sold me 2 kid front wheels - 5€ For hardware, we used whatever we had at home and headed to the hardware store to complete our set - spent around 13€ore to complete our set - spent around 13€)
- Mesure de l'ensoleillement-luminosité avec un ordinateur monocarte (raspberry-orangepi) + (La led bleu du capteur clignote lentement lorsque le capteur est branché Attention à ne pas débrancher le capteur lors des mesures, sinon, il faut relancer le serveur (docker compose down && docker compose up))
- Desert fridge - light version + (Making (or finding) a cylindrical bag allowing the introduction of the container surrounded by 5 centimetres of sand under it and around it. Providing a slide and enough fabric height to be able to close the bag around the container.)
- Bebidas fermentadas - Sodas a base de flores + (No es necesario trabajar en un campo estér … No es necesario trabajar en un campo estéril cuando se trata de la fermentación, pero es crucial estar lo más limpio posible. Trabaja sobre una superficie de trabajo limpia (si es necesario/posible desinfectada con vinagre blanco o alcohol). Utiliza utensilios y recipientes limpios, lavados con agua caliente (o metidos en el lavavajillas), manipúlalos con las manos limpias y límpialos con un paño LIMPIO... ¡por supuesto!ialos con un paño LIMPIO... ¡por supuesto!)
- Mesure de l'ensoleillement-luminosité avec un ordinateur monocarte (raspberry-orangepi) + (<nowiki>Installer dietpi<br /> …
Installer dietpi est automatisé. <br /><br /><br /><br />Vous pouvez vous déplacer dans les menus au clavier avec les fleches et la touche tab.<br /><br /><br /><br />Selectionner avec espace et valider avec entree.<br /><br /><br /><br />Ne pas installer de logiciels optionnels tels que nextcloud.</nowiki>)
Pour l'installation, je vous conseille d'utiliser dietpi. L'interet de dietpi est notamment la legereté du systeme pour des ordinateurs monocartes, mais aussi l'installation automatique de logiciels libres par un menu relativement "user friendly". On peut mentionner parmis tous les logiciels installables automatiquement au démarrage du systeme (https://dietpi.com/dietpi-software.html) des applis de domotique, interessante pour économiser de l'énergie en fonction de la meteo, mais aussi les relais "tor" pour contribuer au réseau relativement anonymisant tor, interessant pour les "éco terroristes" que nous sommes.
https://dietpi.com/#download
Selectionner votre ordinateur monocarte (orange pi dans le cas présent) puis telecharger
Dezipper l'archive obtenue.
Utiliser ensuite balena etcher pour créer une clé usb bootable pour installer dietpi sur votre ordinateur monocarte (orange pi 5 dans le cas présent mais ca fonctionne pareil sur d'autres ordinateurs monocartes).
https://etcher.balena.io/#download-etcher
Double cliquer sur le fichier téléchargé
Selectionner l'image de dietpi téléchargée, selectionner votre clé usb, cliquer sur flash.
Il ne vous reste plus qu'à brancher la clé usb sur le orangepi et il bootera automatiquement sur la clé usb.
Pour un raspberry pi, on utilise une carte sd mais on peut configurer le boot usb également (voir ici : https://makerhelp.fr/booter-un-raspberry-pi-4-sur-un-disque-dur-ou-un-ssd-en-usb/).
Allumer votre orangepi/raspberrypi avec la clé usb branchée.
Suivre les menus que vous propose dietpi au premier démarrage pour installer le dietpi sans autre logiciel. C'es très facile, c'est en anglais et tout est automatisé.
Vous pouvez vous déplacer dans les menus au clavier avec les fleches et la touche tab.
Selectionner avec espace et valider avec entree.
Ne pas installer de logiciels optionnels tels que nextcloud. - Moteur Stirling + (voilà, vous avez maintenant des ressources … voilà, vous avez maintenant des ressources web pour fabriquer un moteur stirling, des pistes pour faire des recherches sur les fabricants de moteurs stirlings performants, une methodo pour tester et verifier les vitesses de rotation de moins de 3600 tours/minutes dans un contexte numérique de flicage surveillance et entrave, une idée pour des moteurs à concentration à base de concentrateurs dynamiques. Pour un algo de suivi du soleil, vous pouvez reprendre du code ici: [[Dimensionner et faire un tracker solaire photovolatïque low tech]] Cependant, un dispositif à base de 4 celulles photoelectriques et un petit circuit electronique de recherche de maximum par rotation/entrainement d'un moteur pourrait avantageusement remplacer le codage en dur et s'adapter à toutes les latitudes et longitudes. J'ai aussi le soucis du sabotage des concentrateurs (rayures, reflecteur décollés) assez vite, mais je suis sur que vous trouverez des parades à ça aussi!que vous trouverez des parades à ça aussi!)
- Sizing and making a photovoltaic tracker + (<nowiki>We set two axis for our modu …
We set two axis for our module: tor or an endless screw engine (resistance unpowered test at reception) commanded by a raspberry pi (but the plate lifter has wheels, so we will take the precaution to put away the tracker when there's a storm ;))<br /><br />Carvan tips: to size the width of the metal frame, modern norms dont seem to be really made on scientific basis but on commercial basis. We will therefore measure the width of old material (made in the 70s). For example, the frame of this old caravan accredited on its registration document for a 750kg weigth has a metal frame of 5mm width. On can then make a rule of 3 to verify the width of our frame fits.<br /><br />This is rustic style (strenght of material calculs is rigorous and complex), but it allows to have a firest approximation "a visto de nas" as we say in gascon<br/><br /><br/></nowiki>)
one axis Oz perpendicular to the module plane (vertical when the module is flat) and one axis Ox paralelle to the module plane (horizontal when the module is flat)
Caractéristics of the module:
mass: m=21,2 kg
Length: L=1,8m
Width: 1m
Wikipedia theory tells us intertia moment along Oz axis is :
Jdelta=1/12*m*L
Jdelta=1/12*1,8*21,2=3,18Nm
Nb: we suppose the module is a bar because here the rotation axis is the axis paralell to the plane of the rectangle formed by the module and not the perpendicular axis
We now experimentally verify:
Center the module on the plate lifter and put it horizontally
verify there is no wind
check the level on which the mast of the plate lifter is put
fix a horizontal lanmark at the bottom of the module
set a 500g mass at the extremity of the module
measure the distance between the position at equilibrium and the position with the mass
We have:
Jdelta=d*F
with d distance in meter to the axis of rotation
F force applied to the solid (here mg with m solid mass in kg and g gravitational constant)
We then have
Jdelta=0,9*0,5*9,8=4,41Nm
We measure the rotation: in our case, the distance of rotation at the extremity of the module varies between 3 and 10cm. The important variations
are due to frictions on the axis that can force or slide more freely
The order of magnitude of the inertia momen is verified
For the moment of inertia along axis Ox, it is more difficult to verify experimentally, because the axise of the plate lifter doesnt allow
to have a position at equilibrium with the module mass (which will finish on the stop under its own weight)
Therefore, we will accept the theory:
The theory says
Jdelta=1/12*m(b²+c²) with m mass of the module, b lenght of the short side of the module and c length of the long side of the module
Jdelta=1/12*21,2*(1,8²+1²)=7,49NM
This theoretical result is strongly lower than the weigth of the module, so we will size based on the necessary force to lift the weigth of the module (the axis being submitted to the weight):
F=mg=21,2*9,8
In order of magnitude 200Nm (1m of lever arm in order of magnitude)
We have now the caracteristics to size the engines of our module along two rotation axis
But the trackers have a consequent wind exposure
If we want to take into account the resistance to the wind, we must measure the force applied to the module according to wind speed:
Fp=1/2*ρ*v²*S*Cp
With ρ air density equal to 1,2 kg/m3 in order of magnitude for standard temperature and pressure conditions
v wind speed in m/s
S object surface in m²
Cp pressure coefficient without dimension égal to 2 for a rectangular metal plate
We have:
Fp=1/2*1,2*1,8*2*v²=2,16*v²
Chatgpt can give us the abacus of wind speeds in km/h and their conversions in m/2 and the generic name in meteorology
Calm: Less than 1 km/h (Less than 0.3 m/s)
Very light breeze: 1-5 km/h (0.3-1.5 m/s)
Light breeze: 6-11 km/h (1.6-3.0 m/s)
Gentle breeze: 12-19 km/h (3.4-5.4 m/s)
Moderate breeze: 20-28 km/h (5.5-7.9 m/s)
Fresh breeze: 29-38 km/h (8.0-10.7 m/s)
Strong breeze: 39-49 km/h (10.8-13.8 m/s)
Moderate wind: 50-61 km/h (13.9-16.9 m/s)
Near gale: 62-74 km/h (17.2-20.6 m/s)
Gale: 75-88 km/h (20.8-24.4 m/s)
Strong gale: 89-102 km/h (24.7-28.3 m/s)
Storm: 103-117 km/h (28.6-32.5 m/s)
Hurricane: At least 118 km/h (At least 32.8 m/s)
So we have a Force Fp that can vary from
An order of magnitude of 20N for a ligth breeze
to
An order of magnitude of 2000N for a storm
(NB: the gravity force of 1kg is approximately 10N so the force of 2000N corresponds in order of magnitude to the gravity force of 200kg).
The inertia moments on the axis are of the same order of magnitude (20Nm and 2000Nm) because the dimensions of the module are an order of magnitude of 1 m
If you want to build a tracker that can resist to storm conditions, it is advised to size the tracker consequently
On the one hand with sufficient ties in the ground, and on the other hand with an adapted frame -see caravan tips at the end of this stage-, and deactivate
when there are stronger winds.)
Wind resistance sizing is one of the reasons trackers are expensive et less generalized than standard photovoltaic installations
The step motors and servomotors that have an adequate torke to resist to important winds are expensive, et that can be understandable for motors designed for step precision
(For example here: https://www.distrelec.fr/fr/automatisation/moteurs-et-entrainements/moteurs-pas-pas-et-servocommandes/c/cat-L3D_525513 )
For hydraulic cylinders, the driving force is generally in orders of magnitude fitting to resist to storms.For our low-tech tutorial, we know that core drilling machines have torque in an order of magnitude fitting to resist to storms (1W corresponds to 1 N multiplying 1 meter per second, so a core drilling machine of 2000W should have an adequate torque of more or less 2000Nm).
After verification on the technical caracteristics of drills, impact screwdriver, and after a manual verification of resistances (brake,clutch) when the engine is not powered, this type of engine doesnt fit.
To size a resistance to winds between the storm and hurricane we will proceed differently:
We find on aliexpress a affordable prices (70€) step motors or endless screw motors with torque in an order of magnitude of 20Nm(200kgcm). We will use thi engine with two reductors 1:10 to get a resisting torque of 2000Nm.
Recall: the torque expressed in Nm is a rotation force produced by the motor that can be computed with the same principle of the inertia moment: the force in newton x the distance to the rotation axis
Belt or chain transmission permit to reduce this torque, and that can be calculated very easily
C1=(R1/R2)*C2
With C1 torque on pulley 1
R1 pulley 1 radius
C2 torque on pulley 2
R2 pulley 2 radius
The radius is directly proportional to the number of teeth of a gear wheel (a bike cog or a motorcycle cog for example), we can easily calculate the transmission reduction by dividing the number of teeth of the big cog by the number of teeth of the little cog (verify they have the same teeth standards)
Therefore a transmission 80 teeth/10 teeth (80T/10T) will produce a reduction of 1:8, like here on amazon for an electric bike ("Keenso Kit Chaîne et Pignon 80T 25H 34mm 3 Trous Pignon 10T H Trou Chaîne Pignon 146 Maillons Chaîne") for 30€.
We will notice that a standard bike transmission have a maximum transmission reduction of 50 teeth/11 teeth so a reduction of 1:5, which is not enough for efficient reduction witouth multiplying pulleys
It is difficult to find transmissions with reduction of 1:10, but we find some on aliexpress and we will easily adapt a bicycle drive on which we will weld cogs, which will allow us a reduction of 1:100 with only one axis added in addition to the principal axis and the engine axis
So we will use an engine step motor or an endless screw engine (resistance unpowered test at reception) commanded by a raspberry pi (but the plate lifter has wheels, so we will take the precaution to put away the tracker when there's a storm ;))
Carvan tips: to size the width of the metal frame, modern norms dont seem to be really made on scientific basis but on commercial basis. We will therefore measure the width of old material (made in the 70s). For example, the frame of this old caravan accredited on its registration document for a 750kg weigth has a metal frame of 5mm width. On can then make a rule of 3 to verify the width of our frame fits.
This is rustic style (strenght of material calculs is rigorous and complex), but it allows to have a firest approximation "a visto de nas" as we say in gascon - Hydroponics + (In order to gain in autonomy, it is possib … In order to gain in autonomy, it is possible to install a timer system thanks to a programmable electrical socket or an arduino allowing to program the starting of the pump and the bubbler.
* Indeed, for a better development of the plants, it is advisable to proceed to a regular watering alternated with dry breaks. This water stress will strengthen the roots.
For this purpose, we recommend that the pump be switched on for 30 minutes every 2 hours during the day. No watering at night.
* The biofilter needs to be aerated regularly for good growth and survival of bacteria.
'''We recommend lighting the bubbler for 1 minute every 5 minutes, 24 hours a day.'''
'''Arduino control system: '''
[[Gestion énergétique d'un système d'hydroponie/fr]]
[[Gestion énergétique d'un système d'hydroponie/fr]] <br/>) - Sourdough bread + (Place 100g of sourdough in the bowl Add 390g of water Then mix <br/>)
- Children's bikes + (1 - Preparing the tools Make sure you hav … 1 - Preparing the tools Make sure you have the appropriate tools to hand: spanners of various sizes, pliers, a screwdriver and any other spanners specific to your model of bike. 2 - Identification of components to be dismantled Examine the bike and identify the components that need to be dismantled. This may include the seat, pedals, brakes, handlebars, wheels and chain. 3 - Withdrawal of the seat Use a suitable spanner to unscrew and remove the seat from the bike. Be careful not to damage the seatpost during this process. 4 - Disconnecting the brakes Use a spanner to unscrew the brake cables or remove the brake callipers, depending on the type of braking. Be sure to identify each cable to make reassembly easier later. 5 - Removing the handlebars Unscrew the handlebar pivot bolt using an appropriate spanner. Note the position of the handlebars for correct reassembly. 6 - Removing the wheels Use a spanner to unscrew the wheel axle nuts. Remove the wheels from the frame, making sure you understand the fastening system used. 7 - Removing the chain Use pliers to remove the chain from the crankset. This may involve using a quick link or removing the rear derailleur. 8 - Removing the freewheel Allow plenty of time for this part, as it involves completely dismantling a wheel (cutting out the spokes, etc.). 9 - Cutting off one of the rear legs Using the appropriate saw, start cutting out the hind leg according to the marks you have made. Follow the lines as precisely as possible to ensure a clean cut. 10 - Creating an attachment to link the two bicycles The clamp is fixed to the seatpost of the front bike and is secured in the fork of the adapted bike. 11 - Welding The penultimate step is to weld the different parts together. To do this, you need to calculate the dimensions carefully to avoid having to redo everything. 12 - Addition of the safety/comfort section In addition to the weld on the seatpost to attach the adapted backrest, Velcro fasteners can also be added to the pedals.fasteners can also be added to the pedals.)
- Micro-gasifier Cooking Stove + (- Put tin can (2) into the large tin can (1) as shown in the diagram. - Place tin can (3) on top of the two other tin cans which have been nested one inside the other. - The pyrolytic stove is now ready for you to use !)
- Cuir de kombucha + (- Quel thé dois-je utiliser ? Vert, noir, … - Quel thé dois-je utiliser ? Vert, noir, rouge, rouge, blanc, arc-en-ciel, aromatisé ou non, n'importe quel thé que vous aimez. - Qu'est-ce que "The Starter" ? C'est le liquide de culture dans lequel vous faites pousser votre Scoby. Lorsque vous lancez un nouvelle culture, vous pouvez ajouter du démarreur dans votre nouveau liquide de culture pour faire croître votre Scoby plus rapidement. - Le Scoby produit du gaz ? C'est le signe d'une bonne fermentation ! Si vous laissez les bulles, votre bébé Scoby sera déformé en grandissant. Il faudra étaler votre bébé Scoby régulièrement pour s'en débarrasser. - Quelle est la meilleure température à cultiver ? La température idéale est de 25°C. Sous cette température, la croissance sera un peu plus lente. Évitez une température inférieure à 17°C, cela prendrait trop de temps. - Quelle est la meilleure température de séchage ? La température idéale est de 25°C. Sous cette température, le séchage sera plus lent. Une bonne ventilation est la deuxième condition pour un séchage efficace. - Doit-on le faire grandir dans des conditions stériles ? Pas nécessairement, mais vous devriez vous laver les mains et tous les outils avant de commencer. - Quelle devrait être la taille du réservoir de culture ? Un contenant de format 17x20x6cm de profondeur minimum pour une préparation de 220 cl....D'après la spécialiste Suzanne Lee ! On peut également utiliser des plateaux en plastique (56 x 77 x 17 cm) pour des préparations de 8 à 10 litres. - Est-ce que la culture sent mauvais ? C'est un processus de fermentation. Une légère odeur de vinaigre se dégage, tout dépend de la sensibilité de chacun ! tout dépend de la sensibilité de chacun !)
- Low-tech Computer + (We recommend using the Low-tech computer t … We recommend using the Low-tech computer to be able to consult Wikipedia offline.
To do this, we will use the '''Kiwix''' software. This free software allows you to have the entire Wikipedia encyclopedia ('''and many other contents''') in hand wherever you are! On a boat in the middle of nowhere or even in prison, it allows access to all of human knowledge. You do not need internet access, everything is saved on your computer, your USB key or DVD.
For this you will need:
*Kiwix (the software)
*The ZIM file with the Wikipedia content in the specific language that the user wants (for ex. French).
We will present two slightly different installation options:
*Option 1: Use Kiwix as a Reader
The KIWIX Reader allows you to '''consult offline, without an internet connection, content packages''' (Wikipedia, TEDx, ...) in ZIM format. It is available for all major operating systems (Windows, Mac, GNU/Linux, Android). It comes as a standalone application or browser plugin. Install it and consult Wikipedia content directly on your Low-tech computer.
*Option 2: Use Kiwix as a Hotspot KIWIX hotspot allows you to '''convert a low-cost mini-computer like the Raspberry Pi into a relay to distribute free content, without an internet connection, via a local network'''. This solution is especially useful for schools, libraries, communities, humanitarian organizations, etc. End users only need a device capable of detecting the network with the browser, they do not need to download and install anything on their device. KIWIX Hotspot works on Windows, macOS and Linux.eir device. KIWIX Hotspot works on Windows, macOS and Linux.) - Linogravure + ('''Récupérer le tissu que vous voulez customiser.''')
- Sunlight-luminosity measurement with a single board computer (raspberry-orangepi) + (The blue led of the sensor blinks slowly when the sensor is plugged in. Watch out not to unplug the sensor when measuring, otherwise you will need to restart the server (or just docker compose down && docker compose up))
- Autonomous oriented solar panel - THE SUNFLOWER + (✏️ '''In the first stage: Sketch''' we drew a sketch to visualise the mechanism so that we could start with a more finished form.)
- Garde-Manger: Pantry Storage + (<br/>
<table class="wikitable" bo …
ss="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Watermelon </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69"> </td><td class="xl67"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Sweet Potato </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64">x </td><td class="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Peach </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Parsley, Chives, Mint, Fresh Coriander, Dill, </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl65">In a glass of water </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Pear </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Leek </td><td class="xl64">x </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Pepper </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Pomelo </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64">x </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Apple </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Potato </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64">x </td><td class="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Plum </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69">x </td><td class="xl67">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Radish </td><td class="xl64">x </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Grapes </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69"> </td><td class="xl67"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Arugula </td><td class="xl64">x </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl65"> </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Lettuce </td><td class="xl67">x </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl68"> </td><td class="xl69"> </td><td class="xl67">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="20" class="xl70">Tomato </td><td class="xl71"> </td><td class="xl70">x </td><td class="xl71"> </td><td class="xl72"> </td><td class="xl73">x </td><td class="xl70">x </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl74">Leftovers </td><td class="xl75"> </td><td class="xl74"> </td><td class="xl75"> </td><td class="xl76">Refrigerator </td><td class="xl77"> </td><td class="xl74"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl64">Dairy </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td><td class="xl65">Refrigerator </td><td class="xl66"> </td><td class="xl64"> </td></tr><tr> <td height="19" class="xl67">Meat and Fish </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl67"> </td><td class="xl79"> </td><td class="xl80">Refrigerator </td><td class="xl81"> </td><td class="xl79"> </td></tr></table>)Environment by Food Type Short-term Food Storage Environment Climacteric Factor Food Types Cool, Humid and Dark Dry, Ventilated, In Room Light Dry, Ventilated, In the Dark Other? Ethylene Producer Sensitive to Ethylene Apricot x x x Garlic x Pineapple x Artichoke x Asparagus x Refrigerator Crisper Eggplant x x Avocado x x x Banana x x x Chard x Beet x Broccoli x Refrigerator Crisper x Carrot x x Celery x Cherry x x Mushroom x Cauliflower x Refrigerator Crisper x Cabbage x Lemon x Pumpkin x Clementine x Cucumber x x x Coriander, Cumin x Squash x Zucchini x x Shallot x Endive x Refrigerator Crisper x Strawberry x Legumes (beans, lentils) x Seed Spices x Green Beans x Refrigerator Crisper x Kiwi x x Mango x Melon x x x Blackberry x Turnip x Onion x Orange x Parsnip x Watermelon x Sweet Potato x Peach x x x x Parsley, Chives, Mint, Fresh Coriander, Dill, In a glass of water Pear x x x x Leek x Pepper x x x Pomelo x Apple x x x Potato x Plum x x x x Radish x Grapes x Arugula x Lettuce x x Tomato x x x Leftovers Refrigerator Dairy Refrigerator Meat and Fish Refrigerator - Collective laundry practice + (<u>The individual reflection:</u& … The individual reflection: Take a pen and a paper, and try to answer to these questions. The goal is to define the habits and needs of each laundry practice. ''1. How often do you do the laundry?'' ''2. Do you sort your clothes?'' ''3. If yes, how?'' ''4. Which machine programs do you use?'' ''5. What do you like about your practice?'' ''6. What would you change in your practice? ''our practice?'' ''6. What would you change in your practice? '')
- Orangepi-raspberry pi nextcloud server (photovoltaics powered) + (The links to the photovoltaics material ar … The links to the photovoltaics material are in the autonomie.ods file (readable with libreoffice) attached to this tutorial. - raspberry pi : 42€ on leboncoin -Orange pi : single board computer: Orange pi 5 single board computer with 4,8,16 or 32 Go of ram 2,4Ghz ARM Cortex-A55 CPU This card is compatible with nvme pcie 2.0 hard drives (2242 or 2230, pcie is retrocompatible ie 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 work with lower speed on orange pi 5) Same principle as here but a bit more powerful and we can plug a hard drive (useful for nextcloud which is made to host files) and it starts automatically on a usb stick Price: 143€ brand new on aliexpress in version 16 Go on the 2nd of august 2023 Second hand on leboncoin: we find more easily raspberry pi at around 100€. It is necessary to buy a small box at 10€ (or make one) to avoid a naked single board computer -hard drive Here we use a kingston usb stick of 32Go and a nvme samsung 512Go card We can plug a hard drive of higher capacity in usb, or a nvme card (nvme pcie 2.0 ssd 2242 or 2230) compatible with pcie 3.0 4.0 and above but the speed is reduced A nvme samsung 2242 card of 500Go is about 50€ on the 2nd of august 2023. -usb stick : 10€ - rj45 cable: 5€ -Internet box or 4G modem according to your internet connection -solar pannel: here we use a flexible 120W pannel bougth 115€ brand new but we can find second hand ones at 30€ on leboncoin for an equivalente peak power. Note: for the theoretical need. See file autonomy.ods -second hand battery: use the previous lead acid battery of your car when it crashes when it's too hot in summer! -12V/24V-usb 5V battery converter: 20€ avoid amazon if you can - pwm regulator 30A: 30€ brand new if you dont buy corporate brand - DRL (day/night switch 13V): 1,5€ brand new (key word "Kit de feux de jour à LED pour voiture, contrôleur marche/arrêt automatique DRL" in french) -electric mc4 cable: 20€ Total second hand price for orangepi: 256,50€ Total brand new price for orangepi: 431,50€ Total second hand price for raspberry: 165€ See autonomie.ods - for raspberry: 165€ See autonomie.ods -)
- Extinguisher + (The low-tech fire extinguisher is based on … The low-tech fire extinguisher is based on the reaction between baking soda and acetic acid vinegar. Water absorbs heat by evaporating; baking soda decomposes during an endothermic reaction (which absorbs heat) and creates water when exposed to a temperature exceeding 270 ° C; carbon dioxide is a heavy gas that "displaces" oxygen and "starves" the fire. A hole is drilled in the bottle. When you want to activate the fire extinguisher, pierce the bag containing baking soda. Vinegar, mixed with water, reacts with baking soda to form carbon dioxide, water and sodium acetate. By shaking the bottle, the reaction is accelerated: the carbon dioxide produced pressurizes the bottle, and a CO2-water mixture is ejected through the hole, which is pointed towards the fire. Water, carbon dioxide and soda extinguish the fire, and the foam created by the washing-up liquid prevents it from being re-ignited. liquid prevents it from being re-ignited.)
- Light bottle cutter + (The piece of wood used in this tutorial is 22 x 2 x 2 cm. You can use one a bit larger but you do not need to use a longer one.)
- Desert fridge + (The Zeer Pot is: 2 terracotta (or clay) p … The Zeer Pot is: 2 terracotta (or clay) pottery interwoven with a layer of moist sand of about 4 cm between the two. The inner jar contains food to keep cool. The sand allows the refrigeration of the system. The outer pot contains it all. The water contained in the sand needs energy to be transformed into steam, this is the principle of evaporation. In this case, the heat contained in the internal pot will supply this energy and allow the water to evaporate. This thermal reaction lowers the internal pot temperature and keeps the food cool.l pot temperature and keeps the food cool.)
- savon de Marseille detergent + (Thinly grate 40 grams of soap into shavings.)
- Apple juice extractor + (This first stage is common to both machines. The first step is to break up the pallets to recover the wooden planks. You also need to collect screws and bolts. That's our only expense.)
- Kombucha fabric + (This step lasts about 5 minutes. It is ver … This step lasts about 5 minutes. It is very important the liquid is below 30°Celcius, before adding the other ingredients: - to prevent odor vinegar emission - not to kill the starter and SCOBY * Pour the vinegar + add mix previously made + the Starter Mix * Add your SCOBY * Cover the tray and protect it from light* Cover the tray and protect it from light)
- Balcony planter + (In this tutorial we explain how to make a balcony planter with 6 pockets. But you can add/remove pockets to make your planter bigger or smaller as required.)
- Offgrid rain water harvesting sizing + (In this tutorial, we use meteorological sy … In this tutorial, we use meteorological synop data available here:
http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/ with description here:
http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/doc_parametres_synop_168.pdf
You can also download the data on Meteo France website:
https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/?fond=produit&id_produit=90&id_rubrique=32
Download all csv files with months and years with which you want to make the computing, put them in a directory of your choice and unzip them (archive format is gz).
Also put in this directory the file processing.py containing the code shared in this tutorial.
Example in debian linux command line to download and unzip all csv of year 2020 in a directory ~/synop:
(In the tutorial we use all data from 2010 to 2020)
cd ~
mkdir -p synop && cd synop
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202001.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202001.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202002.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202002.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202003.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202003.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202004.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202004.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202005.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202005.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202006.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202006.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202007.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202007.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202008.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202008.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202009.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202009.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202010.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202010.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202011.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202011.csv.gz
wget http://data.cquest.org/meteo-france/synop/synop.202012.csv.gz && gzip -d synop.202012.csv.gz
To use python under another operating system, please get by with your proprietary and intrusive crap.
Under linux, python is usually installed and to use the code shared here, you'll just have to copy and paste the code in a text file called processing.py and then enter
python processing.py
However, you will have to install pandas library which is massively used in finance and science industries, in particular for its efficient timeseries handling and vectorisation capacities.
To do so, here are the commands to enter in a linux debian system before running processing.py to be ok:
sudo apt install python3 python3-venv python3-pip python-is-python3
cd ~ && python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install pandas
Mind to activate virtual environment where pandas is installed each time you use the script (after a reboot or if you close and open again the terminal) with this command:
cd ~ && source venv/bin/activate
We are in 2024 and if you are being targetted and shackled as ecoterrorists like me, you will want to inspect your measurements instruments before use, so you can inspect the source code of pandas, which is of course free software, here:
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas
Or you can arguably suppose you can trust a software so massively used in finance and science industries.
Python relies on C libraries for some basics operations, and hack, including scientific hack, is never impossible, but we will let these pro-lowtech considerations aside that are out-of-scope of the perspectives of this tutorial.being targetted and shackled as ecoterrorists like me, you will want to inspect your measurements instruments before use, so you can inspect the source code of pandas, which is of course free software, here: <br />https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas <br />Or you can arguably suppose you can trust a software so massively used in finance and science industries.<br /><br />Python relies on C libraries for some basics operations, and hack, including scientific hack, is never impossible, but we will let these pro-lowtech considerations aside that are out-of-scope of the perspectives of this tutorial.) - The how to of how to's + (''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, … ''' 1 - Tools''' A camera, a microphone, SD cards, batteries, a tripod. Check before use the state of your tools : SD card with sufficient disk space, battery charged, etc. ''' 2 - Location of the movie''' Choose where does the action takes place, in order to have a good sound quality and good luminosity: - Indoor, beware of the lack of light and artificial lights, that will impact your video quality. Think of fridges, clocks as well, that could create parasite sounds. These will be disappointing for the spectator watching your video. - Outdoor, beware of backlighting and the lack of light. Concerning the sound, the wind is fatal. Protect your microphone and its exposure ! "In both cases:" - Be careful that no big light pits are in your field of view. - Avoid too big spaces, the backplane should rather be short. - Filming during the day is highly recommended. At night, you'll get granulas on your images. ''' 3 - Positionning of the camera''' In order to know where to place the camera, ask the actor what he's going to do at each step. It is therefore easy to place the camera without being annoyed with his hands. On the workbench should only be present the material used at the precise step. This permits not to be visually polluted. ''' 4 - Scenes''' "Dissect steps" : Film one scene per step, if possible. - Vary short and large scenes to air the video. - For explicative scenes (explanation of a step, of the context), prefer large scenes. - For active scenes (filming the action), prefer short scenes. - It is highly recommended to film two frames per action. - Head to foot framings are not recommended, prefer middle range frames or short frames. - When someone is speaking, do not "cut his head off" during framing. Let an empty space above him. - Avoid to place the person right in the center of the frame. Putting him on the side will bring dynamism to your scene. - Filming static scenes is highly recommended to avoir any shaking. - Put the camera on a tripod or on something static. ''' 5 - Focus''' For the focus, check whether the camera is on automatic or manual mode. - If it is on automatic, well check that the camera is focusing on the action and not on the person head. - If it is on manual, set the focus on the action before starting to film. ""Example"": "Here, I'm going to melt the white wire on the + pole...". We need here a close plane, we focus on the object to melt, and we check that our hands are not between the object and the camera when we film. ""Be careful"" : For tutos realized with smartphones, the difficulty is to realize static scenes. Put the phone on a stable, static place during the whole sequence. ''' 6 - Filming in order to edit the video''' - Don't tell yourself that mistakes can be rectified at video editing. - Avoid to film in black and white or vertically. - Launching the video recordings, let a dead time before action starts or discussion begins in order to facilitate video editing. - Make simple rushes for get an easy video edition. ''' 7 - Content''' The video content will tighly be linked to the written step by step. "Context video : (2 minutes)" - Present the low-tech and its economical, environmental, social or other interests. - Present an issue solved by the low-tech (problematic and solution) - Do not hesitate to start from a larger context to a local one, or even personal one. - It is important to choose with the speaker, what is going to be said. Le scene will be explicative, so prefer a large frame scene. - Add cut-scenes (action) for this part don't be only a monolog in front of the camera. Think as well to make action scenes "on the field", that will be in concordance with the context. "Fabrication video : (5-10 minutes)" Ask yourself which kind of video is preferable to realize. Notably when speaking of explanations : will they be voice-overed, lived, or subtitled ? - Beware of hands between the camera and the action. - Always keep in mind that everyone has to understand the action. For this, it can be interesting to explain : "I'm doing this action for this reason, with this material that I got at this place ..." - Do not forget to mention safety intructions. "Dissect the fabrication in several key-steps:" - The functioning: present the functioning principle of the low-tech - The material : materials and tools necessary for the fabrication - The fabrication : dissect every step, one scene for one action, and explain them precisely, speaking loud and articulating. - The use : scenes on its situation. - Advices : It is possible to finish the video giving some advices.e to finish the video giving some advices.)
- Wind turbine + ('''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the moto … '''Wind turbine''' 1 - Preparing the motor 2 - Motor axis 3 - Preparing the rotor blades 4 - Aileron and base for rotor blades 5 - Assembly '''Electric circuit''' 1 - Rectifiers 2 - Capacitors 3 - tension stabilizer 4 - Connecting the USB port Motor protection Connecting the USB port Motor protection)
- Fermented drinks - Meads + (You don't have to work in a sterile field … You don't have to work in a sterile field when it comes to fermentation, but it is crucial to be as clean as possible. Work on a clean work surface (if necessary/possible sanitised with white vinegar or alcohol). Use clean utensils and containers, washed in hot water (or put in the dishwasher), handle with clean hands and wipe with a CLEAN cloth... of course. and wipe with a CLEAN cloth... of course.)
- Fermented foods - alternatives to animal proteins + (You don't have to work in a sterile field … You don't have to work in a sterile field when it comes to fermentation, but it is crucial to be as clean as possible. Work on a clean work surface (if necessary/possible sanitised with white vinegar or alcohol). Use clean utensils and containers, washed in hot water (or put in the dishwasher), handle with clean hands and wipe with a CLEAN tea towel... of course. wipe with a CLEAN tea towel... of course.)
- 3D filament extruder + (You'll need a 50cm x 70cm board. Required thickness 10mm.)
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