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− | * | + | * On the central axis of the sensor, trace and cut the air inlet hole, 30mm from the batten, at the bottom of the frame. |
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Tutorial de Low-tech Lab | Catégories : Habitat, Énergie
Solar air heater, adaptable to any type of house, by Guy Isabel.
Solar air heater, adaptable to any type of house, by Guy Isabel.
chauffage, solaire, capteur, air, solar, heating, house, maison, habitat en fr 1
The design of this solar heating was strongly inspired by Guy Isabel, on the plans he describes in his book Les capteurs solaires à air, Eyrolles edition.
The sun transmits energy to the earth by radiation. At the equator, the radiation reaches the power of 1000 W / m², it is by comparison, the power of a small electric heater.
Solar energy is a free and intermittent energy, which is relatively simple to transform efficiently as heat, (yield easily above 60%).
This website allows to know according to the season and the geographical position, many parameters such as the maximum power per m², the angle of the sun compared to the place.
Solar air heater
Concretely, it is a question of transforming the solar radiation into heat thanks to what is called a black body (for example the very hot tar in the summer or the dashboard of a car parked in full sun).
For housing, the most common systems on this principle are solar water heaters, often installed on the slopes of roofs to make domestic hot water supplements of conventional systems.
Less known, the air sensor allows to heat the air of a room.
This tutorial presents the manufacture of an air sensor of 2 m² designed for the heating of the air of a room of 10 to 15 m² of 5 to 7 ° C winter on average, for France. It is a complement to the conventional heating system, which allows appreciable financial and ecological savings. At a cost of around € 200, it is quickly amortized.
Principle
In winter, the sensor sucks in the air from below, heats it thanks to the shaving sun, then restores it to the habitat through the high outlet, at a temperature of up to 70 ° C locally (instantly diluted in the water). ambient atmosphere).
In summer, an external hatch allows to reject the hot air of the sensor outside while aspiring at the same time the air of the habitat, thus creating a natural ventilation.
A valve connected to a thermostatic jack, allows to manage automatically and without electricity, the opening of the air circulation, only when it has reached more than 25 ° C in the sensor.
The tutorial presented here is 2.09m x 1.09m overall
Sensor:
Valve system:
optional:
Note: Here, the frame is sized to accommodate a glass 1m x 2m by 6mm thick, a 10mm film plywood bottom and a 22mm insulating layer in STEICO. The dimensions will therefore be adapted according to the availability of each.
Note: These 32mm correspond to the insulating thickness + filmed plywood. There is 8mm remaining on the other edge to accommodate the thickness of the glass and a seal comribande.
Note: This cut allows to find the dimension 1m x 2m of the window inside the frame.
Note: Here, the chosen ventilation flap is 100mm in diameter, so it is at this diameter that the inlet and the outlet will be made.
Remarque: Selon l'isolant choisi, la pose d'un pare-pluie à l'arrière n'est pas forcement nécessaire si celui-ci est bien étanche à l'eau.
Remarque: Afin de réduire la perte d'énergie dans le capteur, le fond en contreplaqué filmé est recouvert d'une couche d'aluminium permettant de réfléchir le rayonnement infrarouge dans le capteur.
Remarque: Ici, l'écart incluant 2 tasseaux est de 220mm, il s'agit la largeur des ardoises utilisées par la suite. Cet écartement permettra un léger recouvrement de chaque ardoise.
Remarque: La rangée d'ardoise est surélevé à proximité de la sortie afin de pouvoir évacuer l'air contenu devant et derrière les ardoises, aussi bien en hiver qu'en été par la "trappe été".
Remarque: Ici, une vitre trempée de 6mm d'épaisseur est utilisée. Il est également possible d'utiliser du polycarbonate.
Remarque: Les pare-closes servent à maintenir la vitre dans son logement en comprimant le joint compribande. Elles doivent donc à la fois recouvrir le bord de la vitre et prendre appui sur le cadre.
Remarque: Le vérin thermostatique fonctionne sans électricité. Il renferme un matériau calibré qui se dilate à partir de 25°C et se rétracte en dessous.
Hiver:
Eté:
Yes
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