Tutorial de Nicolas P. | Catégories : Eau
Système de micro-irrigation semi-enterré.
Système de micro-irrigation semi-enterré.
potager, irrigation, eau, récupération, recyclage, économie, filtre
Les oyas (ou ollas) sont des récipients en terre cuite et en forme de poire. Ils sont poreux et disposent d’une ouverture vers le haut. Elles sont utilisées depuis l’antiquité pour irriguer le sol en douceur. Pour cela, il suffit de les enterrer en laissant seulement la partie haute dépasser, pour permettre leur remplissage.
Ce tutoriel va vous accompagner dans la fabrication d'une oya de ~7L, capable de maintenir un sol humide dans un rayon de ~ 60 cm (entre 1 et 1,5 m2) sur une durée d’environ ~10 jours.
Nota: différentes tailles d'oyas peuvent être fabriquées en suivant les même étapes. Les dimensions indiquées ici ne sont qu'indicatives.
Les avantages de ce mode d'irrigation sont nombreux:
Goal: that the upper parts of the pots fit together well enough two by two to then allow a solid, watertight seal.
Even when manufactured industrially, clay pots are not always perfectly round, and their dimensions can vary.
If the 2 pots do not fit together sufficiently:
Once fitted, mark the chosen position.
Goal: make it easier to fill and clean the oya
Place the pot on the tea towel (or towel), open side down.
Using the jigsaw, cut a spiral shape until you reach a disc that you can pass your hand through.
During cutting, be sure to press the pot firmly downwards to limit vibration.
No jigsaw? You can achieve the same result with
Once you've removed the base of the pot, smooth the edges with a wood rasp to avoid injuring yourself when you reach in.
Goal: that the glue doesn't set too quickly
Ideally, the pots should be completely immersed for 2~3 minutes.
If you don't have a large enough container, try to wet the parts that will receive the glue.
Goal: promote slow, lateral water diffusion in the future oya
Prepare ~0.5L of tile adhesive (refer to the instructions on the bag).
Use around a third to "butter" the shard of tiles, place it over the hole and fill the bottom of the large pot.
Drying time: refer to the instructions for the tile adhesive used
The rest is for storage (in the shade) and will be used later to assemble the two pots.
Goal: create an assembly that is watertight (so that water doesn't come out between the two pots), and solid (so that the oya can be easily transported and reused)
Match the two pots by referring to the mark made in step 1.
Use the remaining glue to fill the gap in the groove between the pots (pressing the glue down firmly).
When you have finished, wipe the joint with a slightly damp sponge to remove any excess glue and smooth the joint.
Drying time: refer to the instructions for the tile adhesive used
Goal: make a float that will indicate the level of water remaining in the oya
Stick the spike into the cork deep enough so that the two pieces are joined together.
Drive the nail completely into the cork. On the point protruding from the cork, attach the first straw and assemble as many straws as you need to cover the height of the cork.
Goal: allow the float to protrude from the oya and keep it in a vertical position
Using the drill fitted with the thick bit, drill the hole in the centre of the saucer through which the float will pass.
Using the thin drill bit, drill three holes around the main hole to lay the wire.
Use the wire (and wire cutters) to make a shape that will allow you to..:
Goal: to make it easier to locate the oya when it is installed and to reflect the sun's rays
Once your oya is installed, the saucer will be its cap and will be the only part visible on the ground.
Apply the white paint to the visible part of the saucer. (i.e. the underside)
Goal: bury the oya in your cultivated area (or at the foot of a tree)
Dig a hole approximately 40cm deep and 30cm in diameter.
Install the oya, making sure it is vertical.
Caler l'oya avec un mélange de terre et terreau adapté aux cultures prévues. Dans le cas d'une installation au pied d'un arbre:
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