- A lead battery is made up of a set of accumulators./cells. The nominal voltage of an accumulator/cell is approximately 2.1 V, and so a 12-V battery consists of six accumulator/cell mounted in series and connected by welded lead. (A series of cells connected in series, or parallel is called module) The accumulators/cells are fitted/packed in a plastic container and sealed with a lid.
- Each accumulator comprises pairs of positive and negative electrodes (plates) connected in parallel, with a separator in between each pair.
- The separators are generally rectangular sheets, inserted between the positive plates and the negative plates, and have the following important characteristics:
- they serve/act as perfect electrical insulators.
- they are highly permeable to ions carrying electrical charges.
- they have excellent resistance to sulfuric acid,
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