Ordinateur low-tech/en : Différence entre versions

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(110 révisions intermédiaires par 3 utilisateurs non affichées)
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|Cost=30
 
|Cost=30
 
|Currency=EUR (€)
 
|Currency=EUR (€)
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|Tags=ordinateur, raspberry pi, raspberry pi zero w, wikipedia, raspbian, récupération, recyclage, NomadeDesMers, nomade des mers
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|Tags=ordinateur, raspberry pi, raspberry pi zero w, wikipedia, récupération, recyclage, NomadeDesMers, nomade des mers
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Introduction
 
{{Introduction
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|Introduction=Today we will focus on a subject on the border between high and low tech: the computer! This extremely useful tool, which has become indispensable for most of us, is often too over-equipped for our usage. This obviously has an impact on its price, which excludes a large part of the world. Not to mention the environmental impact, especially because of the extraction of minerals needed for their manufacture, which, in most cases are rarely recycled at the end of their lifespan.
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|Introduction=Today we will focus on a subject at the frontier of high and low tech: the computer! This extremely useful tool, which has become indispensable for most of us, is often too over-equipped for our usage. This obviously has an impact on its price, which excludes a large part of the world. Not to mention the environmental impact, especially due to the extraction of minerals needed for their manufacture, which, in most cases are rarely recycled at the end of their lifespan.
  
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Today, we offer you a very basic computer model that still meets most of our daily needs:
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Today we offer you a very basic computer model that still meets most of our daily needs:
  
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- Classic "desktop processing" (document writing, creating slideshows, etc)
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- '''Classic desktop processing''' (document writing, creating slideshows, etc)
  
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- "Internet browsing" (social media, sending emails, etc)
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- '''Internet browsing''' (social media, sending emails, etc)
  
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- A "very basic multimedia use" (no photo editing, video, etc)
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- A '''very basic multimedia use''' (no photo editing, video, etc)
  
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All of this for a price not exceeding 30 euros! To do this, we will use a mini-computer, the "Rasberry Pi", in its simplest version the Rasberry Pi Zero W. For the other computer hardware (screen, keyboard, mouse) we will use those salvaged from old computers.
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All of this for a price not exceeding 30 euros! To do this, we will use a mini-computer, the '''Rasberry Pi''', in its simplest version the Rasberry Pi Zero W. For other computer hardware (screen, keyboard, mouse) we will use those salvaged from old computers.
  
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Be it a school that wants to create a computer lab, an individual who wants a machine for his home, a grandparent who wants to discover IT or an aspiring developer who wants to get into Linux, there are many reasons to build a desktop PC with Raspberry Pi.
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Be it a school that wants to create a computer lab, an individual who wants a computer for his home, a grandparent who wants to discover IT or an aspiring developer who wants to get into Linux, there are many reasons to build a desktop PC with Raspberry Pi.
  
 
Together, let us see how you can assemble your own desktop PC running on Linux built on top of Raspberry Pi.
 
Together, let us see how you can assemble your own desktop PC running on Linux built on top of Raspberry Pi.
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}}
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{{TutoVideo
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|VideoType=Youtube
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|VideoURLYoutube=https://youtu.be/fPcCNg45Z1A
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Materials
 
{{Materials
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|Step_Picture_01=Ordinateur_low-tech_zero-wireless-details.PNG
 
|Step_Picture_01=Ordinateur_low-tech_zero-wireless-details.PNG
 
|Step_Picture_02=Ordinateur_low-tech_keyboard_mouse_screen.jpg
 
|Step_Picture_02=Ordinateur_low-tech_keyboard_mouse_screen.jpg
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|Material=*[https://www.kubii.fr/ Raspberry Pi Zero W]
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|Material=*[https://www.kubii.fr/ Raspberry Pi Zero W] or  [https://www.kubii.fr/cartes-raspberry-pi/3455-raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-5056561800004.html Pi Zero 2 W]
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*64GB [https://geni.us/rfl16gomicrosd MicroSD] burnt with a Raspbian image (if you have not already set up your SD card, you could take a look at [http://raspbian-france.fr/creez-carte-sd-raspbian-raspberry-pi-windows/ the tutorial for Windows], and [http://raspbian-france.fr/creation-carte-sd-raspberry-raspbian-sous-gnulinux/ the one for Linux]).
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* [https://geni.us/rfl16gomicrosd MicroSD] 64GB with Raspberry Pi OS (formerly Raspbian) burned on it (if you haven't prepared your SD card yet, you can go to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntaXWS8Lk34 the tutorial] and see details in step 1).
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*Salvaged USB or wireless keyboard
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*RecoveryUSB or wireless keyboard
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*Salvaged USB or wireless mouse
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*Recovery USB or wireless mouse
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*Salvaged monitor with HDMI connection
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*Recovery monitor with HDMI connection
 
*HDMI port
 
*HDMI port
 
*Micro HDMI adapter
 
*Micro HDMI adapter
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}}
 
}}
 
{{Tuto Step
 
{{Tuto Step
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|Step_Title=Optional: Prepare your SD card (if a Raspbian image is not already burnt on it)
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|Step_Title=Prepare your SD card - Install Raspberry Pi OS
 
|Step_Content=The Raspberry Pi does not have a hard disk. Instead, it uses an SD card as its hard disk. We will have to install an operating system on it, here we will choose Raspbian, a robust distribution adapted for a large majority of uses and optimized for the Raspberry Pi. We recommend that you choose [https://geni.us/rfl16gomicrosd an SD card that is fast and reliable], the performance of the Raspberry Pi being strongly influenced by the quality of the chosen SD card.
 
|Step_Content=The Raspberry Pi does not have a hard disk. Instead, it uses an SD card as its hard disk. We will have to install an operating system on it, here we will choose Raspbian, a robust distribution adapted for a large majority of uses and optimized for the Raspberry Pi. We recommend that you choose [https://geni.us/rfl16gomicrosd an SD card that is fast and reliable], the performance of the Raspberry Pi being strongly influenced by the quality of the chosen SD card.
  
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*For this step, you will need to [http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspbian_latest download the latest distribution of Raspbian], this is what we will install on the SD card of your Raspberry Pi.
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*For this step, you will need [https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/ download the latest version of the Raspberry Pi OS distribution], which we will install on the SD card of your Raspberry Pi. We advise you to use the dedicated Raspberry Pi Imager software. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntaXWS8Lk34 Feel free to watch this 45 second video tutorial]
  
−
*You will also need the Win32DiskManager software, [[sourceforge:projects/win32diskimager/files/latest/download|download it here]], and install it.
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*Note that as far as hardware is concerned, you will have to be able to write to the SD card, which requires either a computer with an adapted port or getting [https://geni.us/rfllecteurcartesd an external card reader.]
  
−
*Note at as far as hardware is concerned, you will have to be able to write to the SD card, which requires either a computer with an adapted port or getting [https://geni.us/rfllecteurcartesd an external card reader.]
+
- Install Raspberry Pi Imager in the version corresponding to your operating system (Windows, Mac, Ubuntu).
  
−
You should now have a Raspbian 'zip' file, decompress it and you should get an 'img' file.
+
- Insert your SD card into your computer's card reader, and once it is recognized, launch Raspberry Pi Imager.
  
−
Insert your SD card into the card reader of your computer, and once it is recognized, launch Win32DiskImager and click on the icon representing a folder on the left of the 'Image File' field. (image 1) This will open a file explorer, go to the 'img' file generated previously by decompressing the Raspbian ZIP file.
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- Choose the desired operating system. In our case, the latest version of Raspberry Pi OS (32-bit).
  
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On the right of the folder icon, in the 'Device' field, choose the drive corresponding to your MicroSD card, do not choose the wrong drive! (image 2)
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- Choose the storage device: your SD card previously formatted in FAT32 format.
  
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Once this is done, click on the 'Write' button, you will then see the progress of the write operation of your image on your SD card.
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- Launch the writing !
  
−
The Raspbian card is ready, all you have to do is insert it in your Raspberry Pi and power on your computer.
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<br /> The SD card is ready, all you have to do is insert it into your Raspberry Pi and plug it in.
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|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_Screenshot_2023-02-07_at_19-09-17_Raspberry_Pi_OS_Raspberry_Pi.png
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|Step_Picture_03=Ordinateur_low-tech_Capture11.JPG
 
 
}}
 
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{{Tuto Step
 
{{Tuto Step
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|Step_Title=First system startup with the prepared SD card - Install Raspbian
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|Step_Title=Powering up your Raspberry Pi and finishing the configuration
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|Step_Content=Armed with your Raspberry Pi ZW kit and the hardware specified above, you should be able to proceed with the first system startup and install Raspbian (in fact you will see that the installation is done all by itself) .
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|Step_Content=* First, connect your Raspberry to the monitor and keyboard, '''without connecting it to the power supply''', and insert the SD card.
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First, connect your Raspberry to the monitor and keyboard, '''without connecting it to the power supply''', and insert the SD card.
 
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'''Once this is done''', connect the power cable of the Raspberry. The first system startup can be a little long, because during this, '''the Raspberry is going to install the Raspbian system'''.
 
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During this system boot (and subsequent ones), you will see multiple lines of commands scrolling by. These are commands executed by the system in order to boot. Ignore them, just wait for the system to finish booting.
 
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In addition, during boot, the red led should stay fixed and the green one should flash for a few seconds before turning off. If this is not the case, and if the Raspberry does not appear to startup on the screen, even after about thirty seconds, '''this means that it is unable to startup from the card'''. In fact, it is unable to find the code which allows it to 'boot' and install Raspbian.
 
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This problem can be caused by many factors, but the source is '''almost''' always the SD card.
 
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If the problem does not arise from there, it can come from a '''bad partitioning of the card''', or a bad copy of the Raspbian system. In this case, you should re-partition your card, and reinstall your Raspbian system.
 
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Once the system is started up, it is (probably) going to ask you to identify yourself. '''During the first system startup''' the default login is 'pi' and the password is 'raspberry'.
 
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-On Linux systems, the passwords are not displayed while typing. So, do not be surprised if you do not see the the usual little asterisks when you type your password and type it normally, then validate by pressing 'Enter'.
 
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If the password is incorrect, it could be because the keyboard is in the 'QWERTY' configuration and not 'AZERTY' by default. You should then type 'rqspberry' as the password.
 
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There you go! You have access to the system, you just installed Raspbian! I All that remains now is to configure Raspbian!
 
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This entire step is taken from the site: https://raspbian-france.fr/installer-raspbian-premier-demarrage-configuration/
 
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|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_Imagen4-1482x635.png
 
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}}
 
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{{Tuto Step
 
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|Step_Title=Raspbian configuration
 
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|Step_Content=If this is your '''first system startup''', you should get an interface allowing to to choose configuration options. This interface is in the form of a keyboard-navigable menu.
 
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If you do not see this interface on startup, you can get get it by launching the terminal and typing the command
 
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sudo raspi-config
 
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Once on this configuration interface, we will configure Raspbian such that you have optimal conditions during your subsequent usages and you could get the most out of your Raspberry.
 
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*<u>A Raspbian system on the entire card</u>
 
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First, we will confirm that the Raspbian system utilizes the entire card (careful,  this step should only be done '''if you use one Raspbian distribution on your SD card'''. If multiple versions coexist, like with [https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/noobs/ NOOBS]) for example, then do not perform this step.
 
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To do this, you should place your cursor on the '''first choice 'Expand Filesystem'''' and press 'Enter'. The menu will disappear and lines of commands will be executed. Once the system is done, it will again display a window similar to the previous menu informing you about the success of the operation.
 
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Confirm, and you are returned to the menu.
 
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*<u>Switch the keyboard to AZERTY</u>
 
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If you tried to type in text, you probably realized that the keyboard behaves a bit strangely.
 
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In fact, '''your keyboard is still configured in 'QWERTY' mode''' and not in 'AZERTY', as is the norm for French keyboards. We will thus fix this problem.
 
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To do this, again choose the forth line ''''Internationalisation options''''.
 
  
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Like before, you will see a second menu. This time, choose '''the third line 'Change Keyboard Layout''''. It could take some time before the window is displayed (in general, all the steps for the keyboard can be a bit long).
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* '''Once this is done''', connect the power cable of the Raspberry (Always in that order !).
  
−
It is absolutely necessary that a keyboard be connected to be able to configure the keyboard!
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* Your Raspberry Pi is now powered on! There is no on/off button; your Raspberry Pi computer simply turns on when plugged into the power supply. The first time it turns on, the Raspberry Pi Operating System Setup Wizard appears. This helps you complete the configuration of your Raspberry Pi: connecting it to your Wi-Fi network, choosing the correct region and language settings, and so on (you can also change all these settings later). The wizard also installs all the bug and performance updates that have become available since the full version of Raspberry Pi OS that Raspberry Pi Imager installed on your microSD card.
  
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On the new window, '''confirm directly without changing the keyboard type. Except for special cases, this should be fine.''' Another new window is displayed, choose ''''Autre''''. On the new window, choose the keyboard ''''Français'''', then the option ''''Par defaut'''', ''''Pas de touche 'compose''''', and finally ''''Non''''.
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<br />{{Idea|If, when you start using your Raspberry Pi, you notice a flash in the upper right corner of your screen, it means that your Raspberry Pi is not getting enough power. This problem is caused by using the wrong power supply for the job, and is one of the most common problems users experience. Our official power supplies will provide sufficient and reliable power to your Raspberry Pi.}}<br />
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|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_14298_1.jpg
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*<u>Switch Raspbian and the Raspberry to French</u>
 
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To continue with internationalization, we are going to switch the entire system to French mode.
 
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To do this, we will modify what are called ''''locales''''.  These are settings defining a set of texts in multiple languages. You should, therefore, go to the fourth option, ''''Internationalisation options'''' and press ''''Enter''''.
 
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This time, you should choose '''the first line''', ''''Change locale''''.
 
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A window is displayed (it can take a while), and explains what the locales are.
 
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You should go down '''till the line 'en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8'''' and select it  '''by pressing the 'Space' key'''.  An asterisk then appears within square brackets preceding the choice (it is possible that '''the line is already selected'''. In this case, '''keep it selected''', i.e. with an asterisk displayed within square brackets).
 
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'''You should again go down''', this time '''till the line 'fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8'''' and repeat the same operation as above.
 
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You should now '''go to the field 'Ok'''' at the bottom left of the window. To do this,  '''press the tab key''' (the key with the two arrows). '''Then press Enter.'''
 
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Une nouvelle fenêtre va apparaître '''vous demandant de choisir les locales par défaut.''' Déplacez-vous sur '''fr_FR.UTF-8''', puis utilisez de nouveau '''la touche tabulation''' pour aller sur « Ok », et validez.
 
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Le système va de nouveau exécuter des commandes. '''Ces dernières risquent de prendre un peu de temps.''' Une fois ces commandes terminées, vous serez de nouveau devant le menu de configuration basique (ce dernier restera probablement en anglais, '''c’est normal)'''.
 
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La vidéo suivante reprend l'ensemble des étapes décrites ci-dessus: https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=24&v=9QHIS36LxE4
 
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L'ensemble de cette étape est disponible sur le site: https://raspbian-france.fr/installer-raspbian-premier-demarrage-configuration/
 
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|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_Raspi-config-Screen.png
 
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Tuto Step
 
{{Tuto Step
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|Step_Title=Consulter Wikipedia hors ligne.
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|Step_Title=Consult Wikipedia offline.
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|Step_Content=Nous proposons d'utiliser l'ordinateur Low-tech afin de pouvoir consulter Wikipédia hors ligne.
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|Step_Content=We recommend using the Low-tech computer to be able to consult Wikipedia offline.
  
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Pour cela, nous utiliserons le logiciel '''Kiwix.''' Ce logiciel libre permet d'avoir toute l'encyclopédie Wikipédia ('''<small>et bien d'autres contenus!</small>''') sous la main, où que vous soyez ! Sur un bateau, au milieu de nulle part ou encore en prison, il permet un accès à l'ensemble de la connaissance humaine. Vous n'avez pas besoin d'accès à Internet, tout est stocké sur votre ordinateur, votre clef USB ou DVD !
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To do this, we will use the '''Kiwix''' software. This free software allows you to have the entire Wikipedia encyclopedia ('''<small>and many other contents</small>''') in hand wherever you are! On a boat in the middle of nowhere or even in prison, it allows access to all of human knowledge. You do not need internet access, everything is saved on your computer, your USB key or DVD.
  
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Pour cela vous aurez besoin de:
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For this you will need:
  
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*Kiwix (le logiciel)
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*Kiwix (the software)
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*Le fichier ZIM avec le contenu de la Wikipédia linguistique spécifique que l'utilisateur souhaite (par ex. français).
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*The ZIM file with the Wikipedia content in the specific language that the user wants (for ex. French).
  
−
Nous présenterons deux options d'installation un peu différentes:
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We will present two slightly different installation options:
  
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*Option 1 : Utiliser Kiwix comme Lecteur
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*Option 1: Use Kiwix as a Reader
  
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Le KIWIX Reader vous permet de '''consulter hors ligne, sans connexion Internet, des packs de contenu''' (Wikipédia, TEDx, ....) au format ZIM. Il est disponible pour tous les principaux systèmes d'exploitation (Windows, Mac, GNU/Linux, Android) . Il se présente sous la forme d'une application autonome ou d'un plug-in de navigateur. Installer-le et consulter le contenu de Wikipédia directement sur votre ordinateur Low-tech.
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The KIWIX Reader allows you to '''consult offline, without an internet connection, content packages''' (Wikipedia, TEDx, ...) in ZIM format. It is available for all major operating systems (Windows, Mac, GNU/Linux, Android). It comes as a standalone application or browser plugin. Install it and consult Wikipedia content directly on your Low-tech computer.
  
 
<br />
 
<br />
  
−
*Option 2: Utiliser Kiwix comme Hotspot
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*Option 2: Use Kiwix as a Hotspot
  
−
KIWIX Hotspot vous permet de '''transformer un mini-ordinateur bon marché comme le Raspberry Pi en un relais pour distribuer du contenu gratuit, sans connexion internet, via un réseau local'''. Cette solution est particulièrement utile pour les écoles, les bibliothèques, les communautés, les organisations humanitaires, etc. Les utilisateurs finaux n'ont besoin que d'un appareil pouvant détecter le réseau avec un navigateur, ils n'ont pas besoin de télécharger et d'installer quoi que ce soit sur leurs appareils. KIWIX Hotspot fonctionne sous Windows, macOS et Linux.
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KIWIX hotspot allows you to '''convert a low-cost mini-computer like the Raspberry Pi into a relay to distribute free content, without an internet connection, via a local network'''. This solution is especially useful for schools, libraries, communities, humanitarian organizations, etc. End users only need a device capable of detecting the network with the browser, they do not need to download and install anything on their device. KIWIX Hotspot works on Windows, macOS and Linux.
 
|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_kiwix.png
 
|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_kiwix.png
 
|Step_Picture_01=Ordinateur_low-tech_kiwix_logo_transparent.png
 
|Step_Picture_01=Ordinateur_low-tech_kiwix_logo_transparent.png
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Tuto Step
 
{{Tuto Step
−
|Step_Title=Option 1 : Utiliser Kiwix comme Lecteur
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|Step_Title=Option 1: Use Kiwix as a Reader
−
|Step_Content=Nous détaillerons ici l'installons sous le système d'exploitation Windows PC mais toutes les versions sont disponibles [[Https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/installing-and-using-kiwix-on-windows-or-macos/|ICI]].
+
|Step_Content=We will describe here the installation on a PC with the Windows operation system, but all versions are available [[Https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/installing-and-using-kiwix-on-windows-or-macos/|HERE]].
  
−
* [https://www.kiwix.org/en/downloads/kiwix-reader/ Télécharger le logiciel] et et double-cliquez sur le fichier pour l'ouvrir.
+
* [https://www.kiwix.org/en/downloads/kiwix-reader/ Download the software] and double click on the file to open it.
  
−
* La première fois que vous ouvrez Kiwix, une fenêtre devrait apparaître pour vous inviter à visiter la bibliothèque. Si ce n'est pas le cas (ou si vous voulez voir ce qui est disponible à tout moment), allez dans Fichier > Parcourir la bibliothèque. Choisissez la langue de votre choix, puis téléchargez le fichier ZIM correspondant.
+
*The first time you open Kiwix, a window inviting you to visit the library should appear. If this is not the case (or if you want whatever is available at all times), go to Fichier > Parcourir la bibliothèque. Choose your language, then download the corresponding ZIM file.
  
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* Une fois le fichier ZIM téléchargé, Kiwix devrait vous proposer de l'ouvrir. Si ce n'est pas le cas (ou si vous voulez ouvrir un ancien fichier), cliquez sur "Ma bibliothèque" dans le coin supérieur gauche de la fenêtre de l'application. <br />
+
*Once the ZIM file is downloaded, Kiwix should ask you if you want to open it. If this is not the case (or if you want to open an old file), click on 'Ma bibliothèque' in the top left corner of the application window. <br />
  
 
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{{Tuto Step
 
{{Tuto Step
−
|Step_Title=Option 2: Utiliser Kiwix comme Hotspot
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|Step_Title=Option 2: Use Kiwix as a Hotspot
−
|Step_Content=Pour réaliser cette installation vous aurez besoin de :
+
|Step_Content=To complete this installation you will need:
  
−
- un ordinateur (fonctionnant sous Windows, macOS ou GNU/Linux) avec un lecteur de carte SD.
+
- a computer (running on Windows, macOS or GNU/Linux) with an SD card reader.
  
−
- une carte microSD (ou SD en fonction du modèle de Raspberry Pi que vous utilisez). Choisissez une de bonne qualité et avec une mémoire adaptée à la taille du contenu que vous souhaitez diffuser. 32GB est un bon début. Pour la version lourde de Wikipédia English, vous aurez besoin de 128GB ou plus.
+
_ a microSD card (or SD depending on the Raspberry Pi model that you use). Choose  one of good quality with adequate memory for the size of the content you wish to diffuse. 32GB is a good start. For the heavy version of English Wikipedia, you will need 128GB or more.
  
−
* Aller sur https://download.kiwix.org/release/kiwix-hotspot/ et ouvrir le sous-dossier contenant la version la plus récente. Télécharger l'installeur correspondant au système d'exploitation de l'ordinateur que vous utilisez pour préparer la carte SD (Windows 32 ou 64 BIT, macOS ou Linux).
+
*Go to https://download.kiwix.org/release/kiwix-hotspot/ and open the sub directory containing the most recent version. Download the installer corresponding to the operating system of the computer you used to set up the SD card (Windows 32 or 64 BIT, macOS or Linux).
−
* '''Préparer votre carte SD :''' Pour éviter tout problème veillez à ce que votre carte SD soit bien vide et formatée.
+
*'''Prepare your SD card:''' To avoid any problem ensure that your SD card is indeed empty and formatted.
−
* '''Ecran Principal :''' Après avoir lancer le programme Kiwix Hotspot, vous verrez apparaître l'écran principal (image 1). Les différents paramètres de configuration sont détaillés dans les images 2 et 3.
+
* '''Main Screen:''' After launching the Kiwix Hotspot program, you will see the main screen (image 1). The different configuration parameters are described in images 2 and 3.
−
* '''Sélectionner du contenu :''' Le "content selector" vous permet de choisir les pack de contenu qui seront installer sur votre réseau. Il est possible de choisir sa langue préférer pour afficher seulement les contenus dans la langue sélectionnée (voir image 4)
+
*'''Select content:''' The 'content selector' allows you to choose the content packages that will be installed on your network. It is possible to choose your preferred language to only display content in the selected language (see image 4).
−
* '''Installation''' : Une fois vos choix effectués, cliquez sur "Run Installation" sur l'écran principal. La fenêtre "Installer Status" va apparaître (image 5) .
+
*'''Installation:''' Once you have made your choices, chick on 'Run installation' on the main screen. The window 'Installer status' will be displayed (image 5).
  
−
L'installation peut prendre plusieurs heures. Ne pas l'interrompre même si vous avez l'impression que rien ne se passe. Attendez qu'une boite de dialogue vous indique que l'installation est terminée. Faites attention à ce que votre ordinateur ne se mette pas en mode Veille.
+
The installation can take many hours. Do not interrupt even if you get the impression that nothing is happening. Wait until a dialog box indicates to you that the installation is complete. Be careful to ensure that your computer  does not go into Sleep mode.
  
−
* Une fois l'installation terminée, retirez la carte SD de votre ordinateur.
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*Once the installation is complete, remove the SD card from your computer.
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* Insérer la carte SD dans votre Raspberry Pi, connecter le à son alimentation et laisser démarrer (cela peut prendre une ou deux minutes)
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*Insert the SD card in your Raspberry Pi, connect it to the power supply and let it startup (this can take one or two minutes).
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* Connecter votre ordinateur, tablette ou smartphone au réseau Wifi local avec le nom que vous avez choisi pendant l'installation.
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*Connect your computer, tablet or smartphone to the local WiFi network with the name you  chose during installation.
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* Ouvrez votre navigateur internet et entrer l'adresse suivante dans la barre d'adresse: http://<name>.hotspot où <name> est le "Project Name" que vous avez utilisé pendant l'installation (le même que le réseau Wifi)
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*Open your internet browser and enter the following address in the address bar: http://<name>.hotspot, where <name> is the 'Project Name' you used during the installation (the same as the WiFi network).
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* Vous devriez maintenant voir la page d’accueil de Kiwix Hotspot (voir image 6).
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*You should now see the Kiwix Hotspot homepage (see image 6).
 
|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_Capture.JPG
 
|Step_Picture_00=Ordinateur_low-tech_Capture.JPG
 
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{{Notes
 
{{Notes
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|Notes=- Installation et configuration de Raspbian : https://raspbian-france.fr/installer-raspbian-premier-demarrage-configuration/
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|Notes=- Installation and configuration of Raspbian: https://raspbian-france.fr/installer-raspbian-premier-demarrage-configuration/
 +
 
 +
- Create your desktop computer under Linux for less than 200€ with the Raspberry Pi: https://raspbian-france.fr/ordinateur-bureau-linux-raspberry-pi/
  
−
- Créez votre ordinateur de bureau sous Linux pour moins de 200€ avec la Raspberry Pi : https://raspbian-france.fr/ordinateur-bureau-linux-raspberry-pi/
+
- Install and use KIWIX on Windows or macOS : https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/installing-and-using-kiwix-on-windows-or-macos/
  
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- Installer et utiliser KIWIX sous Windows ou macOS : https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/installing-and-using-kiwix-on-windows-or-macos/
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- How to configure KIWIX Hotspot : https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/how-to-set-up-kiwix-hotspot/
  
−
- Comment configurer KIWIX Hotspot : https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/how-to-set-up-kiwix-hotspot/
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English translation by Preethi Poovathumkadavil
 
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{{PageLang

Version actuelle datée du 7 mars 2023 à 20:41

Prototype de avatarLow-tech Lab | Catégories : Outils

avatarLow-tech Lab

Ordinateur low-tech IMG 0133.JPG
https://wiki.lowtechlab.org/wiki/Ordinateur_low-tech/en
Dernière modification le 07/03/2023


Difficulté
Moyen
Durée
1 jour(s)
Coût
30 EUR (€)

Description

A basic computer model that still meets most of our daily needs. All for a price not exceeding 30 euros!

A basic computer model that still meets most of our daily needs. All for a price not exceeding 30 euros!

Difficulté
Moyen
Durée
1 jour(s)
Coût
30 EUR (€)
Autres langues :
Deutsch • ‎English • ‎français

Sommaire

Licence : Attribution (CC BY)

Introduction

Today we will focus on a subject at the frontier of high and low tech: the computer! This extremely useful tool, which has become indispensable for most of us, is often too over-equipped for our usage. This obviously has an impact on its price, which excludes a large part of the world. Not to mention the environmental impact, especially due to the extraction of minerals needed for their manufacture, which, in most cases are rarely recycled at the end of their lifespan.

Today we offer you a very basic computer model that still meets most of our daily needs:

- Classic desktop processing (document writing, creating slideshows, etc)

- Internet browsing (social media, sending emails, etc)

- A very basic multimedia use (no photo editing, video, etc)

All of this for a price not exceeding 30 euros! To do this, we will use a mini-computer, the Rasberry Pi, in its simplest version the Rasberry Pi Zero W. For other computer hardware (screen, keyboard, mouse) we will use those salvaged from old computers.

Be it a school that wants to create a computer lab, an individual who wants a computer for his home, a grandparent who wants to discover IT or an aspiring developer who wants to get into Linux, there are many reasons to build a desktop PC with Raspberry Pi.

Together, let us see how you can assemble your own desktop PC running on Linux built on top of Raspberry Pi.

Video d'introduction

Matériaux

  • Raspberry Pi Zero W or Pi Zero 2 W
  • MicroSD 64GB with Raspberry Pi OS (formerly Raspbian) burned on it (if you haven't prepared your SD card yet, you can go to the tutorial and see details in step 1).
  • RecoveryUSB or wireless keyboard
  • Recovery USB or wireless mouse
  • Recovery monitor with HDMI connection
  • HDMI port
  • Micro HDMI adapter
  • Micro USB adapter

Outils

Étape 1 - Prepare your SD card - Install Raspberry Pi OS

The Raspberry Pi does not have a hard disk. Instead, it uses an SD card as its hard disk. We will have to install an operating system on it, here we will choose Raspbian, a robust distribution adapted for a large majority of uses and optimized for the Raspberry Pi. We recommend that you choose an SD card that is fast and reliable, the performance of the Raspberry Pi being strongly influenced by the quality of the chosen SD card.

  • Note that as far as hardware is concerned, you will have to be able to write to the SD card, which requires either a computer with an adapted port or getting an external card reader.

- Install Raspberry Pi Imager in the version corresponding to your operating system (Windows, Mac, Ubuntu).

- Insert your SD card into your computer's card reader, and once it is recognized, launch Raspberry Pi Imager.

- Choose the desired operating system. In our case, the latest version of Raspberry Pi OS (32-bit).

- Choose the storage device: your SD card previously formatted in FAT32 format.

- Launch the writing !


The SD card is ready, all you have to do is insert it into your Raspberry Pi and plug it in.

Ordinateur low-tech Screenshot 2023-02-07 at 19-09-17 Raspberry Pi OS Raspberry Pi.png
Ordinateur low-tech Capture 1.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Capture 2.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Captured 3.JPG


Étape 2 - Powering up your Raspberry Pi and finishing the configuration

  • First, connect your Raspberry to the monitor and keyboard, without connecting it to the power supply, and insert the SD card.
  • Once this is done, connect the power cable of the Raspberry (Always in that order !).
  • Your Raspberry Pi is now powered on! There is no on/off button; your Raspberry Pi computer simply turns on when plugged into the power supply. The first time it turns on, the Raspberry Pi Operating System Setup Wizard appears. This helps you complete the configuration of your Raspberry Pi: connecting it to your Wi-Fi network, choosing the correct region and language settings, and so on (you can also change all these settings later). The wizard also installs all the bug and performance updates that have become available since the full version of Raspberry Pi OS that Raspberry Pi Imager installed on your microSD card.

If, when you start using your Raspberry Pi, you notice a flash in the upper right corner of your screen, it means that your Raspberry Pi is not getting enough power. This problem is caused by using the wrong power supply for the job, and is one of the most common problems users experience. Our official power supplies will provide sufficient and reliable power to your Raspberry Pi.

Ordinateur low-tech 14298 1.jpg




Étape 3 - Consult Wikipedia offline.

We recommend using the Low-tech computer to be able to consult Wikipedia offline.

To do this, we will use the Kiwix software. This free software allows you to have the entire Wikipedia encyclopedia (and many other contents) in hand wherever you are! On a boat in the middle of nowhere or even in prison, it allows access to all of human knowledge. You do not need internet access, everything is saved on your computer, your USB key or DVD.

For this you will need:

  • Kiwix (the software)
  • The ZIM file with the Wikipedia content in the specific language that the user wants (for ex. French).

We will present two slightly different installation options:

  • Option 1: Use Kiwix as a Reader

The KIWIX Reader allows you to consult offline, without an internet connection, content packages (Wikipedia, TEDx, ...) in ZIM format. It is available for all major operating systems (Windows, Mac, GNU/Linux, Android). It comes as a standalone application or browser plugin. Install it and consult Wikipedia content directly on your Low-tech computer.


  • Option 2: Use Kiwix as a Hotspot

KIWIX hotspot allows you to convert a low-cost mini-computer like the Raspberry Pi into a relay to distribute free content, without an internet connection, via a local network. This solution is especially useful for schools, libraries, communities, humanitarian organizations, etc. End users only need a device capable of detecting the network with the browser, they do not need to download and install anything on their device. KIWIX Hotspot works on Windows, macOS and Linux.

Ordinateur low-tech kiwix.png
Ordinateur low-tech kiwix logo transparent.png



Étape 4 - Option 1: Use Kiwix as a Reader

We will describe here the installation on a PC with the Windows operation system, but all versions are available [[1]].

  • The first time you open Kiwix, a window inviting you to visit the library should appear. If this is not the case (or if you want whatever is available at all times), go to Fichier > Parcourir la bibliothèque. Choose your language, then download the corresponding ZIM file.
  • Once the ZIM file is downloaded, Kiwix should ask you if you want to open it. If this is not the case (or if you want to open an old file), click on 'Ma bibliothèque' in the top left corner of the application window.


Ordinateur low-tech Capture 7.JPG




Étape 5 - Option 2: Use Kiwix as a Hotspot

To complete this installation you will need:

- a computer (running on Windows, macOS or GNU/Linux) with an SD card reader.

_ a microSD card (or SD depending on the Raspberry Pi model that you use). Choose one of good quality with adequate memory for the size of the content you wish to diffuse. 32GB is a good start. For the heavy version of English Wikipedia, you will need 128GB or more.

  • Go to https://download.kiwix.org/release/kiwix-hotspot/ and open the sub directory containing the most recent version. Download the installer corresponding to the operating system of the computer you used to set up the SD card (Windows 32 or 64 BIT, macOS or Linux).
  • Prepare your SD card: To avoid any problem ensure that your SD card is indeed empty and formatted.
  • Main Screen: After launching the Kiwix Hotspot program, you will see the main screen (image 1). The different configuration parameters are described in images 2 and 3.
  • Select content: The 'content selector' allows you to choose the content packages that will be installed on your network. It is possible to choose your preferred language to only display content in the selected language (see image 4).
  • Installation: Once you have made your choices, chick on 'Run installation' on the main screen. The window 'Installer status' will be displayed (image 5).

The installation can take many hours. Do not interrupt even if you get the impression that nothing is happening. Wait until a dialog box indicates to you that the installation is complete. Be careful to ensure that your computer does not go into Sleep mode.

  • Once the installation is complete, remove the SD card from your computer.
  • Insert the SD card in your Raspberry Pi, connect it to the power supply and let it startup (this can take one or two minutes).
  • Connect your computer, tablet or smartphone to the local WiFi network with the name you chose during installation.
  • Open your internet browser and enter the following address in the address bar: http://<name>.hotspot, where <name> is the 'Project Name' you used during the installation (the same as the WiFi network).
  • You should now see the Kiwix Hotspot homepage (see image 6).
Ordinateur low-tech Capture.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Capture2.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Capture 3.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Capture 4.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Capture 5.JPG
Ordinateur low-tech Capture6.JPG

Notes et références

- Installation and configuration of Raspbian: https://raspbian-france.fr/installer-raspbian-premier-demarrage-configuration/

- Create your desktop computer under Linux for less than 200€ with the Raspberry Pi: https://raspbian-france.fr/ordinateur-bureau-linux-raspberry-pi/

- Install and use KIWIX on Windows or macOS : https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/installing-and-using-kiwix-on-windows-or-macos/

- How to configure KIWIX Hotspot : https://www.kiwix.org/en/documentation/how-to-set-up-kiwix-hotspot/

English translation by Preethi Poovathumkadavil

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